THE COMPOST - UMD
THE COMPOSTINSIDE THIS ISSUE OF THE COMPOSTPublished Quarterly by the Charles County Master GardenersUniversity of Maryland Extension, Charles County Office,9375 Chesapeake Street, Suite 119, La Plata, MD 20646Phone: 301-934-5403—301-753-8195Fall 2009Cindi Barnhart . EditorJessica Milstead. Copy EditorBetsy Parbuoni . PDF EditorJessi Thibault . Art, MailLinda Lockhart. Writer, MailCarol Teets. Writer, MailJanet McGrane . .Elaine Miller .Anna Haugh .Larry Martin .Pam King .Carole Butler .CalendarMailMailMailAdvisorConsult.Cover: Camp Merrick committee members spruce up the raised beds. See page 11.Photo by Cindi BarnhartFrom Pam’s Desk2Fall / Winter Events14Kingly Advice: ThoseWicked Weeds3Summer MG MeetingAffirms Possibilities15Elizabeth The OrganicGardener4Integrated PestManagement Seminar16The Lockhart ChroniclesMother Nature Came ToMy Rescue?5Camp Merrick SensoryGarden Wish List17Benefits of A LittleSloppiness18Another Plant We WishWe Didn’t Love19Meet A Master Gardener:Alberta Carson21Something To Walk OnBarefoot22Caterpillars Do Chew23ProjectsHealing GardenFALL 2009Hi everyone,I can not believe it is already moving into Fall —one of my favorite seasons. Be sure to harvest apumpkin, cleanup and put your garden to bed, and mostimportantly get out and volunteer for some of our greatprojects.There is so much to do.6Rails To TrailsDetention Center7Gilbert Run Field Trip8Grow It / Eat It9Bay-Wise Certification10Camp Merrick11Teacher Learns Lesson12Project Briefs13Compost: A collection of unattractive materialsthat, when mixed together and properly treated,becomes something useful and enriching.See you soon.Pamela B. KingUniversity of MarylandExtension Agent, Agricultureand Natural Resources2Submit articles, photos, reports, and other items to Cindi Barnhart byDecember 1, 2009 for publication in the Winter 2010 newsletter. Submitcalendar items to Janet McGrane by December 1, 2009. Articles andpictures may also be submitted at any time for future publication.27
Camp(Continued from page 11)The most exciting news fromGreg, however, is that he plansto install a brick walkway throughthe garden area, much like thebeautiful memorial bricks surrounding the flag garden. Notonly will it be beautiful, but itwill improve access and, at thesame time, eliminate heavyequipment near the beds.replaced the boards. We plan tobuy soil in October, and Maggiehas recommended reinforcing thehuge rectangular bed with awood frame.Beekeeper Greg Ferris, who hastaught us much about bees, created the symbols for each bedand donated his time and materials to this project.Still more good news, Master Gardener Larry Martin is organizing aconservation effort at Camp Merrick. Larry has alreadyreceived emails from several members who wish to volunteer. Larrywill be putting together an SOP(or standard operating procedure) for the project and creating a calendar. Contact Larry, ifyou would like to join in this ongoing program at Camp Merrick.Lions Camp Merrick DirectorGregory Floberg is actively pursuing a partnership between theMaster Gardeners and the Lions.He was very enthusiastic aboutthe plant donation list and plansto run a copy of it in the Lionsnewsletter. He would like us toresume control over the flag polegarden, and we will use any extraplants to return the flag pole garden to its original beauty.Photo by Cindi BarnhartAbove, Bob Eppley, Sandra Womack, Larry Martin and Jessi Thibault admirethe five completed garden beds with sensory symbols.Master Gardener Advanced Trainings:Plant Diseases - One Day Workshop9/29/09Master Composter Course10/21, 10/28 and 10/29/09To Register: ex.cfm26Those Wicked Weeds and How to Treat ThemBy Pam KingCounty Extension AgentIt rained, and then it didn’t, andthen it rained some more. Thishas been a good year for weeds.Because nothing seems to holdthem back—no matter how dry itgets or how many times they arestepped on, they come back formore. Believe it or not, late summer and early fall are pretty goodtimes to get weeds under controlfor next year. So plan ahead andbeat the weeds back now.seems to have on some people (itdoesn’t work for me). Get themwhen they’re small if you can. Inthe vegetable garden, smallweeds can be shaved off the soilsurface with a clean, sharp hoe,without damaging the roots ofyour crops. Older weeds are muchharder to remove and sometimesmust be dug out, resulting in rootinjury to your garden plants. When putting the garden to bedfor the fall, steps can be taken toreduce weed problems later. Tilling the soil late, after weedshave sprouted, will help to reduce their numbers. Leave thesoil rough to inhibit further weedgrowth and mulch at least threeinches deep with straw, driedgrass clippings or other materials. Remember that a weed is simply “a plant out of place”. Turfgrass is a troublesome weed inthe vegetable garden, but is heldin high esteem by lawn owners.Nobody seems to like crabgrass,though. So take a look around andevaluate your weed problems.What are the weeds? Good identification is always important inchoosing the best control program. Is it an annual or perennial?Fall control measures differ forweeds that will overwinter asseeds and those that overwinteras plants. Mow crabgrass-infested areas inthe lawn very short. Keepingcrabgrass mowed short during thelate summer is also a good idea,so it cannot set seed – but continue to mow the desirable grasseslong. Re-seed the crabgrassinfested areas heavily in September to get a good stand of turfgrowing that will shade the soilnext spring and help keep If there are a lot of plants outof place in your garden, try cultural practices first. To me, thereare very few joys associated withpulling weeds, except for the exercise and the mellowing effect it(Continued on page 25)3
ELIZABETH THE ORGANIC GARDENERBy Alberta CarsonsWeeds(Continued from page 3)thing green that it touches.) Justlike your garden plants, theweeds are preparing for winter,pulling resources down into theirroots. So they will also pull theherbicide down into the roots fora better kill, if properly applied.crabgrass from germinating.When Elizabeth was five years oldshe started to bloom, showing upin my garden about 6 a.m. to askquestion after question aboutorganic gardening. One day after Ihad labeled all my transplants,Elizabeth gathered the labels andrepositioned them, you know,corn is okra, squash is romainelettuce. Her comment? “Whatdifference does it make? Youknow what the vegetables are!!You plant them, enjoy watchingthem grow, you pick and eatthem. What is the big deal!!”Still, she didn’t want to have asection of the garden for herown.Photo by Elaine MillerA Frog Motel in Alberta’s garden.den, to do things economicallyAND organically.When we grew some beets andcarrots that she harvested for alittle frail couple she gave all ofthem away. When I protested shestated I could buy them at Shoppers Food Warehouse. “You saidthey had very fresh vegetablesand fruits”. Say WHAT!?!?For two years Elizabeth read allmy old copies of Organic Gardening and Mother Earth News magazines from cover to cover. When Iordered a subscription for bothmagazines for her she was elated.Maybe she didn’t know I was justtrying to keep my own magazine.By the time she was 8 years old Inoted that she began to MAKEstatements about gardening rather than asking questions. Shealso started using the HGIC website. About this time I figured whyshe refused to have her own plotin my garden – because my gardenhad become OUR garden. She wasworking hard to improve our gar-By the time Elizabeth was 9 yearsold our gardening roles had reversed. She became the teacherand I was her student. Sadly,through the last three years ofher life, Elizabeth had to fight abattle with cancer. She lost thatbattle a couple of months ago.She left me with a to-do list,some of which, like planting bamboo for a trellis, will not happen.Others, such as building a cold/hot frame and erecting a frogspa, frog motel and toad pent(Continued on page 24)4 Another alternative is to useherbicides for chemical weedcontrol. This is widely acceptedby commercial growers and canbe safe and dependable. Now is agood time (especially for perennial weeds) to use broadleaf weedkillers on the lawn, if needed.(See AM 79- Broadleaf Weed Control for Lawns Fact Sheet).Crabgrass is an annual weed, andchemical controls are applied inthe spring to kill the germinatingseeds. Always be sure to Read andFollow Label Directions whenusing pesticides.Weeds can harbor insects anddiseases and steal water and nutrients from your garden plants.Some are so bad that they aremonitored and eliminated as athreat to agriculture by the State(for example, Johnsongrass).Keeping weeds under control is ayear-round project, but with alittle work and planning most canbe controlled by proper soil preparation, cultivating and mulching,if you are diligent and keep onestep ahead of them. Or you canjust learn to smile and make dandelion wine. If you want to try a more organic method to prevent crabgrassfrom germinating, try corn gluten. The jury is still out on itseffectiveness as a pre-emergenceherbicide, but you can try it andsee. As with synthetic chemicals,follow label directions for bestresults. Late summer and fall are alsothe best time to use a broadspectrum systemic herbicide likeglyphosate (Trade name: Roundup) to spot treat tough perennialweeds, as long as the weeds areactively growing. (Two things tokeep in mind: 1) If it is droughtyand the weeds aren’t growing, itmay not work very well, 2) thisherbicide may kill or damage any25
Bay-Wise(Continued from page 10)based on practice, notpresentation. Practices are ratedin inches on the Maryland BayWise Yardstick. The nine areas onthe Yardstick include: fertilizingwisely, mulching appropriately,watering efficiently, creating andmaintaining a wildlife habitat,protecting the waterfront,mowing properly, composting,utilizing IPM methods, andrecycling yard waste. In eachcategory there is a list of criteriafor practices and procedures.Gale’s expertise was gloriouslyshown as she maintained much ofthe landscape’s originaltopography and incorporatedenvironmentally friendlyElizabethsolutions to landscape problems.She has provided places for birdsto nest and chipmunks to drink.Butterflies and bees lovenavigating their way through herproperty and currently hergarden is being visited by a localgroundhog. Oh, the joys ofnature! (Mixed, in the case of thegroundhog.)We salute Gale Kladitis and wishher more success as the fallseason approaches. Keep up thegood work and thank you forbeing Bay-Wise.Ronda R. GoldmanBay-Wise CoordinatorCharles County(Continued from page 4)house, are either finished orabout to happen.Bringing this child into my gardendidn’t just make her happy; itenriched my life and my garden.Mother Nature(Continued from page 5)ny friend got hit by a car about amonth ago but his contribution tomy gardening knowledge is now apermanent part of my gardeningrepertoire and I don’t think I’ll bemessing with Mother Nature againanytime soon.Mary Call took this picture of aLuna Moth in May. She looked itup, because it was the largestmoth (4 inches wide by 6 incheslong) she had ever seen! Herdaughters called it the GardenFairy because that is what itlooked like flying through thegarden.24Mother Nature Came to My Rescue?Finally, one of theexperts told meabout a tar spray that I could useon the branch when I cut it. Thisdid work but in the fall and winter I ended up with rather unsightly black tar on what shouldhave been a beautiful winter interest plant.By Linda LockhartSometimes it’s best not to foolwith Mother Nature. I found thisout when I bought a ContortedDwarf Weeping Cherry Tree. Theweeping cherry part of the treewas grafted onto some sort ofgnarled dwarf tree stock andwhen I first saw it at the nurseryit was adorable. Just the rightsize and shape for a prime spot inthe front garden. The first fewyears were wonderful. It grewslowly and the branches drapedgracefully.Finally this year Mother Naturehas come to my rescue after having her little laugh all this time.This spring, I noticed a little rabbit in my garden. My first instinctwas to chase it off but luckily Idecided to just let it be. Soon Ibegan noticing that he was eatingthe leaves on my cherry treenemesis. I still fought the urge tochase him off. As spring turnedinto summer my little rabbitfriend continued to eat and mytree began looking better thanever. I had a neat pruning jobjust at bunny rabbit height. Butbest of all, I noticed that thebranches were not growing longer. All I had to do all this timewas just remove the lower leavesfrom the branches and theywould stop growing.After three or four years I begannoticing that the branches of thetree were really getting long. Solong that they not only touchedthe ground but they grew outsideways across the driveway.Out came the trusty pruners. Ibegan cutting off the long overgrown branches. However, itsoon became apparent that I wasdealing with a mythical Hydra butinstead of two heads growingwhen one was cut off I had anywhere from four to six branchesat each place where I pruned. Icontinued to prune and at everypruning class that I went to I’dask the expert for advice.Well, unfortunately my little bun(Continued on page 24)5
MeetDetention Center Healing Garden Planning BeginsBy Gale KladitisOctober and start the planningphase. We will have additionalinformation in the winter issue ofThe Compost.Individuals from the Master Gardeners, Charles County GardenClub, the Extension Office andthe Detention Center will tour aproposed location some time inRails-to-Trails Landscaping Plan Derails?By Barbie Walterquestions.Armed only with the knowledgethat the plants were going to bepurchased at Shelby’s or Heaven’sGarden, Maggie Tieger, CaroleButler, and I went to work to design a landscape for the first ofthe trailheads on the Indian HeadRail Trail at White Plains. We gota list from Shelby’s of the nativeplants they could provide, andput together a very pretty, fourseason, low-maintenance gardenfor the entrance, using the plantson Shelby’s list.Somehow there was a slip in communications between design andexecution. On National TrailsDay, June 6, we saw that theplanting had been done, but notaccording to our plan; plants hadbeen substituted, and the placement was not according to ourschematic. Apparently some ofthe plants we specified were notin stock. In addition, the designwas rearranged.Thanks to all of you who signedup for this committee, and I willlet you know what, if anything, isgoing to be done next. I promiseyou that if we are asked to doany more landscape plans I willmake sure that the lines of communication are very clear andthat everyone understands theimportance of checking with us iffor any reason it’s not possible tofollow our design as provided.Charlotte Mandragos provided herlandscape design computer program, so we were able to do aprofessional schematic of the design. I presented the schematicalong with a computer-generatedpicture and list of the plantsneeded to Parks and Recreation,and offered to be with themwhen they did the purchasing andplanting in case there were any6(Continued from page 21)Alberta refers to as her “InvasiveWeed Morgue . I let that sit andcompost for a long time . twoor three years.”Linda Lockhart is impressed by thevariety of vegetables Alberta grows.As we left Alberta’s garden wecame away knowing we had visited a gardener who truly loves thePhotos by Elaine Milleractivity and who is mindful of theThe composting shredded paper acts asenvironment and what can bea walkway throughout the garden anddone to protect it.suppresses weeds.Caterpillars Do Chew But Adults Will SipIn a little while this guy willbe a Monarch butterfly heading for Mexico. I hope it caneat the butterfly weed faster than the aphids. I had toquit spraying the aphids withinsecticidal soap when thiscaterpillar (and its halfdozen companions) showedup. This was a lesson aboutPhoto and article by Jessica Milsteadnative plants for me. Thisnative butterfly weed (Asclepias tuberosa) is getting chewed to bitsby caterpillars while adult butterflies nectar on its blossoms. Next toit is a non-native (and invasive) butterfly bush (Buddleia) which is infine shape. It provides nectar for the adults, but if the caterpillarsdidn't have something else to eat they would starve and there wouldbe no butterflies. When our plants stay perfect, it's a sign that theyare freeloading on the general environment. When they start to getbeat up, we know the web of nature is being supported.23
Something Awesome To Walk On BarefootBy Larry MartinDetention Center Classes - Everyone Wants MoreSome folks worry that mints areinvasive plants. One mint that Iwish were more invasive is Corsican Mint (Mentha requienii). Mywife and I are very much intoherbs and Corsican Mint is one ofour favorites. It’s been difficultto find at nurseries, but a few ofthe Amish growers had some thispast spring.By Gale Kladitis, CoordinatorPhoto by Larry Martinflavoring in crème de menthe liqueur. We usually keep it in potson our tables outside and just liketo rub our hands on it becauseit’s so soft and strong smelling.Good to rub on after a crab feast.Corsican mint is native to Corsica, Sardinia, France, and mainland Italy. It’s a bright greencreeping ground cover with ¼inch round leaves and little lightpurple flowers. Some people useit to line walkways or betweenpaving stones. I would love tohave a whole yard of it and walkbarefoot on it. It’s also reportedto repel insects when grown nearplants like cabbage and broccoli,as it obscures the smell of thevegetable crops.Corsican Mint is a perennial. Hardiness: Sunset zones: 5-9, 12 -24;USDA zones: 7-9. It does best inshady garden areas but will dookay in sun if kept watered. Itwill rot if given too much waterand does turn a rather ugly brownin the winter. To propagate it weplug it, similarly to zoysia grass,but we just use a knife to cutplugs.This mint can also be used in cuisine, its most popular use beingDo you wonder where Powdery Mildew on plants comes from?The fungi which cause powdery mildew are spread by spores producedin the white patches. These spores are blown in the wind to otherparts of the plant or to other plants during the growing season.For more information go to powdery.htm22isn’t just classes any more. Theadministration there is so pleasedwith the impact of the classesthat they are expanding ourscope. We are working our waythrough the process of arrangingfor our students to volunteer atCamp Merrick. Naturally severalsteps are required for an arrangement like this one, but we arealmost there. A variety of toolsare required for this work and forthe fall class session, and theCenter immediately purchasedeverything we requested.At the organizational meeting forthe Detention Center Program onTuesday, August 25, we greetedfour new volunteers. Welcomeaboard to Tom Lewis, JanetCooney, Janet McGrane, and Jessi Thibault. The program has retained all of our spring volunteers: Joyce Rose, Carol Teets,Jan Lakey-Waters, Pam King, Judy Norris, Carolyn Sauer, DaniWebber, Dianne Shisler, SherrieZimmer, and Dianne Goodrich.They are all enthusiastic aboutthe fall schedule. The fall program will start Tuesday, September 29, and end Tuesday, November 10, for a total of seven sessions.The Center has also requestedhelp with landscaping for thenew Training Building. JessicaMilstead and I presented a landscape plan for the building onAugust 28, and it was enthusiastically accepted. The studentsfrom our classes will have theopportunity to put their learningto work in planting the new landscape, with MG volunteers to supervise and advise them.Four new speakers have beenadded, with subjects from Composting to Soil Testing, and a Bay-Wise presentation by RondaG
Those Wicked Weeds and How to Treat Them By Pam King County Extension Agent seems to have on some people (it doesn’t work for me). Get them when they’re small if you can. In the vegetable garden, small weeds can be shaved off the soil surface with a clean, sharp hoe, without damaging the roots of your crops. Older weeds are much
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