Deploying The BIG-IP LTM With IBM WebSphere 8

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IMPORTANT: This guide has been archived. While the content in this guide is still valid for theproducts and version listed in the document, it is no longer being updated and mayrefer to F5 or 3rd party products or versions that have reached end-of-life orend-of-support. See https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K11163 for more information.What's inside:2 Prerequisites andconfiguration notes3 Deployment scenarios4 Scenario 1: Configuringthe BIG-IP LTM as anHTTP Proxy for IBMWebSphere11 Scenario 2: Configuringthe BIG-IP LTM forWebSphere 8 Web TierWelcome to the F5 Deployment Guide for IBM WebSphere. This document provides guidance fordeploying the BIG-IP Local Traffic Manager (LTM) with IBM WebSphere 8.The BIG-IP system can optimize IBM WebSphere at many layers: in front of the IBM HTTPServers, between HTTP Servers and WebSphere Application Servers, or to eliminate the HTTPlayer altogether. By configuring the BIG-IP LTM system within the WebSphere infrastructure F5provides a number of benefits, including simplification of the infrastructure, application level healthmonitoring, SSL offload and intelligent load balancing. While high availability remains the centralgoal of BIG-IP LTM, reducing complexity in an another complex environment allows organizationsto spend more time on the important aspects of the architecture such as application delivery,intelligent reporting, and gathering granular statistics from the environment.Why F5Ar15 Scenario 3: Configuringthe BIG-IP LTM forthe HTTP Tier and theWebSphere ApplicationTierDeploying the BIG-IP LTM with IBMWebSphere 8chived2 Products and versionstested educes the complexity of WebSphere deployments, including removing the need for anRadditional HTTP layer. 18 Configuring BIG-IPASM for WebSphereE nsures application health by determining the availability of a specific application basedon the URI being requested and the port used by the application. 20 Appendix: Optionaldynamic healthmonitor for Scenario 1E nables better visibility through analytics, and provides a granular understanding of howmany sessions are established to each WebSphere Application server and the ability tolimit these sessions using various metrics. Reduces the load on the WebSphere servers by taking on the following tasks:25 Document RevisionHistory»S SL processing: the BIG-IP system terminates SSL requests at the front end anddelivers HTTP requests to the backend.»T CP optimizations: the BIG-IP system reduces the number of requests to the serversusing HTTP Request and Content caching.» onnection pooling: The OneConnect feature on the BIG-IP system reduces theCnumber of server-side connections that a server must open by using existing serverside connections for multiple new client-side requests.For more information of IBM WebSphere erv/was/features/For more information on the F5 BIG-IP system, see http://www.f5.com/products/big-ip

DEPLOYMENT GUIDEIBM WebSphere 8To provide feedback on this deployment guide or other F5 solution documents, contact us atsolutionsfeedback@f5.com.Products and versions testedProductVersionBIG-IP LTM11.1 HF-2IBM WebSphere8 and 8.5chived ake sure you are using the most recent version of this deployment guide, found atImportant: here-8-dg.pdf.Prerequisites and configuration notesThe following are general prerequisites and configuration notes for this guide:hh T he configuration in this guide was tested with IBM WebSphere 8 servers in NetworkDeployment mode with a single Application Profile and two Enterprise applicationsinstalled.hh I f you are using the BIG-IP advanced monitor for SNMP, SNMP services must be enabled onyour WebSphere Application Server per the instructions in this guide.hh I f you are using the BIG-IP system to act as an HTTP proxy and eliminate the needfor a separate HTTP tier, you need the following information from your WebSphereimplementation.»» URIs associated with each WebSphere applicationAr»» Ports associated with each WebSphere application»» H ost name and/or IP addresses of the WebSphere Application Server hosting eachapplication.For more information, including where to find this information, see Creating the iRule onpage 8.Some users find it helpful to create a table with the required information. For example, we createdthe following table for the two applications used in our testing.Application Name2URIsPortsServersWebSphere Portal/wps/*/wps/pa 1 0 6d/*/wps/pa 1 0 6e/*/wps/pa 1 0 erver1.example.com IP: 192.168.100.1server2.example.com IP: /plants/*/pbw/*90819444server1.example.com IP: 192.168.100.1server2.example.com IP: 192.168.100.2

DEPLOYMENT GUIDEIBM WebSphere 8Deployment scenariosOne of the fundamental ideas covered in this architecture and deployment is the separation ofthe Web, Application and Data tiers. The IBM HTTP Server is acting on the Web tier while theWebSphere software is the Application tier. This Application tier then interfaces with the Data tierto provide a full and rich application experience.DMZInternalClientsIBM WebSphereApplication ServersInternetchivedIBM HTTP ServersWeb TierApplication/Data TierThere are three different deployment scenarios described in this guide in which the BIG-IPsystem can be configured. Follow the instructions for the scenario appropriate to your desiredconfiguration: onfiguring the BIG-IP LTM as an HTTP proxyCThe BIG-IP system can reduce complexity in WebSphere environments by acting as the HTTPproxy. This enables benefits such as better application health monitoring, more visibility intothe environment, more granular statistics gathering, and removes the need for the additionalHTTP layer that only proxies connections to the back-end.Ar1.To configure this scenario, see Scenario 1: Configuring the BIG-IP LTM as an HTTP Proxy forIBM WebSphere on page 42. onfiguring the BIG-IP LTM to load balance the IBM HTTP serversCThe BIG-IP system can provide intelligent load balancing and health monitoring to the IBMHTTP servers. The IBM HTTP servers direct traffic to the WebSphere application servers.To configure this scenario, see Scenario 2: Configuring the BIG-IP LTM for WebSphere 8 WebTier on page 11.3. onfiguring the BIG-IP LTM to load balance the IBM HTTP servers and WebSphereCapplication serversThe BIG-IP system can be located in front of the HTTP layer as well as between the HTTP layerand the WebSphere application servers. This enables additional visibility, statistics gatheringand better health monitoring.To configure this scenario, see Scenario 3: Configuring the BIG-IP LTM for the HTTP Tier andthe WebSphere Application Tier on page 15.3

DEPLOYMENT GUIDEIBM WebSphere 8Scenario 1: Configuring the BIG-IP LTM as an HTTP Proxy for IBMWebSphereIn this section, we configure the BIG-IP LTM to act as an HTTP proxy. Because the BIG-IP LTM isacting as the HTTP proxy, the HTTP Tier of the deployment can be eliminated altogether.3Clients12BIG-IPLocal Traffic ManagerWebSphere Application Server 1WebSphere Application Server 2WebSphere Application Server 3pool pbw for URI /PlantsByWebSphere/*Application port: 9080InternetchivedWebSphere Application Server 4WebSphere Application Server 5WebSphere Application Server 6pool gbw for URI /wps/*Application port: 9081The traffic flow is as follows:1. lient requests the URL . This addressCresolves to the virtual server address on the BIG-IP system.2. ased on the URI, the BIG-IP system sends the client request to the load balancing pool poolBpbw, serving port 9080.3.The request is received by an available WebSphere application server in pool pbw.Also see Appendix: Optional dynamic health monitor for Scenario 1 on page 20.Gathering the WebSphere application informationArIn order to configuring the BIG-IP system to eliminate the need for a separate HTTP Tier, you needthe following information from your WebSphere implementation, as described in the prerequisites: URIs associated with each WebSphere application Ports associated with each WebSphere application ost name and IP addresses of the WebSphere Application Server hosting eachHapplication.There are two ways of obtaining this information, depending on whether you have previouslyconfigured the IBM HTTP server with your WebSphere Application server or not.If you have not previously configured the IBM HTTP serverIf you have not previously configured the IBM HTTP server as a part of a WebSphere Applicationserver deployment, you must manually gather this information from your WebSphereimplementation. For information on how to find this information, see the IBM documentation.If you have previously configured the IBM HTTP serverIf you have previously configured the IBM HTTP Server with your WebSphere Application Server,you can find the required information in the plugin-cfg.xml file.The URIs are found in the URIGroup statements of the file. UriGroup statements group selectedURIs together for the applications deployed within WebSphere. Locate the URIGroup Name thatmatches the relevant Application.4

DEPLOYMENT GUIDEIBM WebSphere 8In the following example from the plugin-cfg.xml file, the URIs for our two are shown in bold. UriGroup Name "default host WebSphere Portal URIs" Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/wps/PA 1 0 6D/*"/ Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/wps/PA 1 0 6E/*"/ Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/wps/PA 1 0 6C/*"/ Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/wps/*"/ Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/wsrp/*"/ Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/wps/content/*"/ Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/wps/pdm/*"/ . /UriGroup . UriGroup Name "default host PlantsByWebSphere URIs" Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/plantsbywebsphere/*"/ Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/pbw/*"/ chived Uri AffinityCookie "JSESSIONID" AffinityURLIdentifier "jsessionid" Name "/plants/*"/ . /UriGroup The Ports and Host names can be found in the ServerCluster section of the XML file. ServerClustersare essentially the application definitions designated by the IBM WebSphere system. Locate theServerCluster Name that matches the relevant Application, and gather the Ports and host names.You also need to know the IP addresses to which the host names resolve for the BIG-IP Pool.In the following example from the plugin-cfg.xml file, the Ports and Host names for our two areshown in bold. ServerCluster CloneSeparatorChange "false" LoadBalance "Round Robin" Name "WebSphere Portal". Server CloneID "12xx2868r" ConnectTimeout "0" ExtendedHandshake "false" LoadBalanceWeight "2". Transport Hostname "server1.example.com" Port "9081" Protocol "http"/ Transport Hostname "server1.example.com" Port "9444" Protocol "https" Ar Property Name "keyring" Value "D:\IBM\WebSphere\AppServer\etc\plugin-key.kdb"/ Property Name "stashfile" Value "D:\IBM\WebSphere\AppServer\etc\plugin-key.sth"/ /Transport /Server Server CloneID "12vxx4xx3" ConnectTimeout "0" ExtendedHandshake "false" LoadBalanceWeight "2". Transport Hostname "server2.example.com" Port "9081" Protocol "http"/ Transport Hostname "server2.example.com" Port "9444" Protocol "https" Property Name "keyring" Value "D:\IBM\WebSphere\DM\etc\plugin-key.kdb"/ Property Name "stashfile" Value "D:\IBM\WebSphere\DM\etc\plugin-key.sth"/ /Transport /Server PrimaryServers Server Name "WebSphere Portal 1"/ Server Name "WebSphere Portal 2"/ /PrimaryServers /ServerCluster ServerCluster CloneSeparatorChange "false" LoadBalance "Round Robin" Name "PlantsByWebSphere" . Server ConnectTimeout "0" ExtendedHandshake "false" MaxConnections "-1" Name "server01" . Transport Hostname "server1.example.com" Port "9080" Protocol "http"/ Transport Hostname "server1.example.com" Port "9443" Protocol "https" Property Name "keyring" Value "D:\IBM\WebSphere\DM\etc\plugin-key.kdb"/ Property Name "stashfile" Value "D:\IBM\WebSphere\DM\etc\plugin-key.sth"/ /Transport /Server 5

DEPLOYMENT GUIDEIBM WebSphere 8 Server ConnectTimeout "0" ExtendedHandshake "false" MaxConnections "-1" Name "server2" . Transport Hostname "server2.example.com" Port "9080" Protocol "http"/ Transport Hostname "server2.example.com" Port "9443" Protocol "https" Property Name "keyring" Value "D:\IBM\WebSphere\DM\etc\plugin-key.kdb"/ Property Name "stashfile" Value "D:\IBM\WebSphere\DM\etc\plugin-key.sth"/ /Transport /Server PrimaryServers Server Name "PlantsByWebSphere 1"/ Server Name "PlantsByWebSphere 2"/ /PrimaryServers /ServerCluster chivedConfiguring the BIG-IP LTMThe following tables contain a list of BIG-IP configuration objects along with any non-defaultsettings you should configure as a part of this deployment. Unless otherwise specified, settingsnot mentioned in the table can be configured as applicable for your configuration. For specificinstructions on configuring individual objects, see the online help or product manuals.BIG-IP LTM ObjectNon-default settings/NotesHTTPType a unique name, such as WebSphere Portal HTTP.HTTPInterval30 (recommended)Timeout91 (recommended)Send and Receive StringsWhile the Send String and Receive String fields are optional,for a more specific monitor you should add Send and ReceiveStrings specific to your application.For example, for Portal we useGET /wps/HTTP/1.0 \r\n\r\nArNameTypeHealth Monitors1(Main tab-- LocalTraffic-- Monitors)HTTPSNameType a unique name, such as WebSphere Portal HTTPS.TypeHTTPSInterval30 (recommended)Timeout91 (recommended)Send and Receive StringsWhile the Send String and Receive String fields are optional,for a more specific monitor you should add Send and ReceiveStrings specific to your application.For example, for Portal we useGET /wps/HTTP/1.0 \r\n\r\nImportant: Repeat this section to create unique HTTP and HTTPS health monitors for eachWebSphere application that is a part of this deployment.16 S ee Appendix: Optional dynamic health monitor for Scenario 1 on page 20 for an optional, dynamic ratio healthmonitor.

DEPLOYMENT GUIDEIBM WebSphere 8BIG-IP LTM ObjectNon-default settings/NotesNameType a unique nameHealth MonitorSelect the monitor you created for this applicationLoad Balancing MethodChoose a load balancing method. We recommend LeastConnections (Member)PoolAddressType an IP address specific to your WebSphere application node.(Main tab-- Local Traffic -- Pools)Service PortType the appropriate Service port for your WebSphereapplication. This should match the port you found in yourWebSphere configuration.Click Add and repeat Address and Service Port for all nodes.Important: Repeat to create a unique pool for each WebSphere application that is a part ofthis deployment. Be sure to use the appropriate address and service port.ProfileTCP LAN(Profiles-- Protocol)NameType a unique nameParent Profiletcp-lan-optimizedchived(Main tab-- LocalTraffic-- Profiles)Switching iRuleConfigure the iRule as described in Creating the iRule on page 8Persistence iRuleNameType a unique nameDefinitionCopy and paste the following iRule, omitting the line numbers.iRules(Main tab-- LocalTraffic-- iRules)LL Critical:ArYou must createboth iRules in thissection. There are 2separate iRuleswhen CLIENT ACCEPTED {set add persist 1}when HTTP RESPONSE {if { [HTTP::cookie exists "JSESSIONID"] and add persist } {persist add uie [HTTP::cookie "JSESSIONID"]set add persist 0}}when HTTP REQUEST {if { [HTTP::cookie exists "JSESSIONID"] } {persist uie [HTTP::cookie "JSESSIONID"]} else {set jsess [findstr [HTTP::uri] "jsessionid" 11 ";"]if { jsess ! "" } {persist uie jsess}}}12345678910111213141516171819HTTPVirtual Servers(Main tab-- LocalTraffic-- Virtual Servers)NameType a unique name.AddressType the IP Address for the virtual serverService PortType the appropriate Port for the virtual serverProtocol Profile (server) 1, 2Select the LAN optimized TCP profile you createdSNAT PoolAutomap (optional; see footnote 3)iRule34Default Pool21237Enable the built-inSelect the pool you created aboveYou must select Advanced from the Configuration list for these options to appearOnly required if offloading SSL on the BIG-IP LTMCreate two persistence profiles. Source Address Affinity is used as a fallback persistence method.

DEPLOYMENT GUIDEIBM WebSphere 8BIG-IP LTM ObjectNon-default settings/NotesHTTPS5Virtual ServersType a unique name.AddressType the IP Address for the virtual serverService Port443Protocol Profile (client) 1Select the WAN optimized TCP profile you createdProtocol Profile (server) 1Select the LAN optimized TCP profile you createdOneConnectSelect the OneConnect profile you createdHTTP ProfileSelect the HTTP profile you createdWeb Acceleration profileSelect the Web Acceleration profile you created. Note: If youare using WebAccelerator, be sure to select the profile youcreated in the WebAccelerator configuration table with thewebacceleration parent.HTTP Compression profileSelect the HTTP Compression profile you createdSSL Profile (Client)Select the Client SSL profile you createdSNAT Pool 3Automap (optional; see footnote 3)iRuleEnable the iRule you createdDefault PoolSelect the pool you createdDefault Persistence ProfileSelect the Cookie Persistence profile you createdFallback Persistence ProfileSelect the Source Address Affinity profile you createdchived(Main tab-- LocalTraffic-- Virtual Servers)Name1234Ar5You must select Advanced from the Configuration list for these options to appearDo not enable these objects on the HTTP virtual server if offloading SSL. The HTTP virtual server is only used for redirectingusers to the HTTPS virtual server, and only requires a name, IP address, Port, and the redirect iRule.If want to use SNAT, and you have a large deployment expecting more than 64,000 simultaneous connections, you mustconfigure a SNAT Pool with an IP address for each 64,000 simultaneous connections you expect. Seethe BIG-IP documentation on configuring SNAT Pools.Only enable this iRule if offloading SSLOnly create this virtual server if offloading SSLCreating the iRuleThe next task is to create an iRule on the BIG-IP system. The iRule inspects all HTTP requests cominginto the BIG-IP system, and checks the requested URI against the list of URIs you gathered from theWebSphere configuration, and then directs the request to the appropriate load balancing pool.You need the URIs from the WebSphere configuration you found in Gathering the WebSphereapplication information on page 4. You also need the BIG-IP LTM Pool names you created inthe preceding table.HTTP RequestThe first section of the iRule configures the iRule to listen for all HTTP Requests. As the HTTPrequest comes through the BIG-IP system, the iRule checks the requested URI against the listcreated using the URIs gathered in our table. You do not modify this section of the iRule.when HTTP REQUEST {switch -glob [string tolower [HTTP::uri]] {URI listThe next section of the iRule contains the URIs from the WebSphere application you found inGathering the WebSphere application information on page 4. Each URI is on a separate line,surrounded by quotes, and ends with a hyphen (-) with the exception of the last entry.8

DEPLOYMENT GUIDEIBM WebSphere 8In the following example, we list the URIs from our WebSphere Portal application.CriticalThe URIs must be entirely in lower case. Change any uppercase letters to lowercase."/wps/pa 1 0 6d/*" –"/wps/pa 1 0 6e/*" –"/wps/pa 1 0 6c/*" –"/wps/*" –"/wsrp/*" –"/wps/content/*" –"/wps/pdm/*"And this is list from our PlantsbyWebSphere application:chived"/plantsbywebsphere/*" "/pbw/*" "/plan

WebSphere 8. Welcome to the F5 Deployment Guide for IBM WebSphere. This document provides guidance for deploying the BIG-IP Local Traffic Manager (LTM) with IBM WebSphere 8. The BIG-IP system can optimize IBM WebSphere at many layers: in front of the IBM HTTP . Servers, between HTTP Servers and WebSphere Application Servers, or to eliminate .

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