THE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS - Temple University

ABBY GUIDO, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR / GRAPHIC DESIGNOCTOBER 2015THE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

DATA VISUALIZATION VS INFOGRAPHIC?THE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSWHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE?

DATA VISUALIZATION VS INFOGRAPHIC?THE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSSimply put, data visualization is a visual representation of data.This data is quantifiable and is often in the form of pie charts, barcharts, line charts etc. Often a data visualization is used to help makesense of data and to make the data more accessible. The design ofa specific data visualization is usually secondary to the data, and isoften computer generated.An information graphic, otherwise known as an infographic is createdto tell a story. The design of the infographic is very important. Thedesigner uses composition, color, typography and illustration to helptell the story to a particular audience. The design that is used for one infographic cannot usually be used for another.An Infographic can contain data visualizations, but a datavisualization cannot contain an infographic. Both data visualizationsand infographics can be static, interactive or animated.

DATA VISUALIZATION VS INFOGRAPHIC?DATA VISUALIZATIONSINFOGRAPHICTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

WWW.PIKTOCHART.COMTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

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3 BASIC DESIGN ELEMENTS OF AN INFOGRAPHICTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSAACOLORCOMPOSITIONATYPOGRAPHY

COLORTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSCOLOR THEORY

COLOR: CLASSIFICATIONPRIMARY COLORSPrimary Colors: Red, yellow and blueIn traditional color theory (used in paint andTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSSECONDARY COLORSTERTIARY COLORSSecondary Colors: Green, orange andTertiary Colors: Yellow-orange, red-purpleorange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-pigments), primary colors are the 3 pigmentThese are the colors formed by mixing thecolors that can not be mixed or formed by anyprimary colors.green & yellow-greenThese are the colors formed by mixing acombination of other colors. All other colorsprimary and a secondary color. That's why theare derived from these 3 hues.hue is a two word name, such as blue-green,red-violet, and yellow-orange.

COLOR: MIXINGRGB (RED, GREEN, BLUE)THE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSCMYK (CYAN, MAGENTA,YELLOW AND BLACK )RGB is an ‘additive color’ process where color is produced by the lightCMYK are the colors used in printing inks. These four colors are usedemitting from your monitor. In this process, the three primary colors ofin printing because virtually any visible color can be created simply bylight are combined in various proportions to produce any color in themixing them in various amounts. CMYK is a ‘subtractive color’ process,visible spectrum. You cannot print RGB colors, these can only be seen onwhich works by subtracting the colors of light reflected on a piece ofscreen and will be converted when printed.white paper. In other words, each color of ink on the paper reducesthe light that would otherwise be reflected and seen by our eyes. Forexample, when light falls on red ink printed on white paper, it absorbs(subtracts) all the colors from light except red. Hence this process iscalled a ‘subtractive color’ process.

COLOR: PROPERTIESTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSWARMWARM COLORS are vivid and energetic, and tend to advance in space.COOL COLORS give an impression of calm, & create a soothing impression.WHITE, BLACK AND GRAY are considered to be neutral.COOL

COLOR: PROPERTIESTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSCOLOR AND EMOTIONSRED is the color of fire and blood, so it is associated with energy,BLUE Blue is the color of the sky and sea. It is often associated withwar, danger, strength, power, determination as well as passion, desire,depth and stability. It symbolizes trust, loyalty, wisdom, confidence,and love.intelligence, faith, truth, and heaven.ORANGE combines the energy of red and the happiness of yellow. ItPURPLE combines the stability of blue and the energy of red. Purpleis associated with joy, sunshine, and the tropics. Orange representsis associated with royalty. It symbolizes power, nobility, luxury, andenthusiasm, fascination, happiness, creativity, determination, attraction,ambition. It conveys wealth and extravagance. Purple is associated withsuccess, encouragement, and stimulation.wisdom, dignity, independence, creativity, mystery, and magic.YELLOW is the color of sunshine. It's associated with joy, happiness,WHITE is associated with light, goodness, innocence, purity, andintellect, and energy.virginity. It is considered to be the color of perfection.GREEN is the color of nature. It symbolizes growth, harmony, freshness,BLACK is associated with power, elegance, formality, death, evil, andand fertility. Green has strong emotional correspondence with safety.mystery.Dark green is also commonly associated with g.html)

COLOR: SCHEMESANALOGOUSTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSCOMPLEMENTARYSPLIT-COMPLEMENTARYUses any three or more colors on the color wheelUses colors that are across from each otherA variation of the complementary colorthat have a color in common and are adjacenton the color wheel. The high contrast ofscheme. In addition to the base color, it useson the color wheel. Analogous color schemescomplementary colors creates a vibrant lookthe two colors adjacent to its complementare often found in nature and are harmoniousespecially when used at full saturation. ThisThis color scheme has the same strong visualand pleasing to the eye. Make sure you havecolor scheme must be managed well so it is notcontrast as the complementary color scheme,enough contrast when choosing an analogousjarring. Complementary colors are tricky to usebut has less tension. The split-complimentarycolor scheme. Choose one color to dominate, ain large doses, but work well when you wantcolor scheme is often a good choice forsecond to support. The third color is used (alongsomething to stand out.beginners, because it is difficult to mess up.with black, white or gray) as an accent.

COLOR: SCHEMESTRIADTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSMONOCHROMATICUses colors that are evenly spaced around theUses one color and all of the tints, tones, andcolor wheel. Triadic color harmonies tend to beshades of that color.quite vibrant, even if you use pale or unsaturatedversions of your hues. To use a triadic harmonysuccessfully, the colors should be carefullybalanced - let one color dominate and use thetwo others for accent.

COLOR: ANALOGOUSTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

COLOR: COMPLEMENTARYTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

COLOR: SPLIT COMPLEMENTARYTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

COLOR: TRIADTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

COLOR: MONOCHROMATICTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

COLOR: USING COLOR IN PIKTOCHARTTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSBACKGROUND COLORTEXT COLORCOLOR TIP: USE A COLOR PICKERCOLOR TIP: USE ADOBE COLOR APPhttp://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref colorpicker.asphttps://color.adobe.com

COMPOSITIONTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSCOMPOSITION

COMPOSITION: SYMMETRIC ASYMMETRICSYMMETRICTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSASYMMETRICA composition that is balanced and uses the elements in equal amounts.A composition that is not balanced and does not use the elementsIt is divisible into equal parts. A symmetrical composition is more passivein equal amounts. It is not divisible into equal parts. An asymmetricaland expected.composition is active and dynamic and sparks emotions.

COMPOSITION: CROP BLEEDTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSWhen any image or element on a page touches the edge of the page,extending beyond the trim edge, leaving no margin it is said to bleed.When you bleed an image you are cropping it. Bleeding images alsohelps make a composition more dynamic. Be careful not to place agraphic element too close to an edge but with no bleed. This often lookslike a mistake.

COMPOSITION: SCALE AND PROPORTIONTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSScale refers to overall size and proportion refers to relative size. Scale andproportion principles help the viewer organize an image and they can beused to create or minimize points of emphasis. If an object is out-of-scaleor oddly proportioned, then it will create a point of emphasis. Also, largescale objects create obvious visual weight. We automatically perceivelarger objects as closer and more important than smaller objects.

COMPOSITION: OVERLAPPING FOCAL POINTOVERLAPPINGTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSFOCAL POINTWhen shapes are in front of other shapes. If one shape overlaps anotherUsing layout principles you can create the focal point of yourit communicates an illusion of depth.composition.

COMPOSITION: POSITIVE / NEGATIVE SPACETHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSPositive space is best described as the areas in a work of art that are the subjects, or areas of interest. Negative space is area around the subjects,or areas of interest. Positive space does not have to be black, andnegative space does not have to be white.

COMPOSITION: GRIDSTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSThe grid serves as an armature on which a designer can organize graphicelements (images, paragraphs) in a rational, easy to absorb manner. A gridcan be used to organize graphic elements in relation to a page, in relationto other graphic elements on the page, or relation to other parts of thesame graphic element or shape. All layouts should start with a grid. Doyou want a uniformed grid or non-uniformed?

COMPOSITION: GRIDTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

COMPOSITION: USING COMPOSITION IN PIKTOCHART THE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS

TYPOGRAPHYTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSTYPOGRAPHY

TYPOGRAPHY: CLASSIFICATIONASERIFSerif typefaces have little feet or wings at eachend. Serif fonts are seen as TRADITIONAL,STABLE, PRACTICAL, SERIOUS, MATURE,FORMAL, SCHOLARLY, CORPORATE, andBUSINESS-LIKE.ASLAB SERIFSlab Serif is a certain kind of serif typeface thathas thick, squared-off serifs. Slab Serif fonts aremore MODERN, but can also be perceived asBOLD, HARSH, RUDE, ASSERTIVE, COARSE,or -typeTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSAASANS SERIFSans Serif fonts are typefaces without feet,which makes them look clean and understated.Their personality is CONTEMPORARY, andsometimes SLEEK and ELEGANT.SCRIPTSScript typefaces look like handwriting orcalligraphy. They can range from casual toformal. They have SOFT ORGANIC andHUMANISTIC qualities that give them aWARM PERSONALITY.

TYPOGRAPHY: SPACINGK ERNINGKERN INGKERNINGKERNINGKERNINGTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICSTRACKINGTRACKINGTRACKINGT R A C K I N GTRACKINGKerning is an adjustment of space between twoTracking is the uniform spacing between all ofspecific letters.the letters in a group of text.This is tight leading. This is tight leading. This istight leading. This is tight leading. This is tight leading.This is tight leading. This is tight leading. This is tightleading. This is tight leading. This is tight leading.This is tight leading. This is tight leading. This is tightleading. This is tight leading. This is tight leading.This is loose leading. This is loose leading. This isloose leading. This is loose leading. This is looseleading. This is loose leading. This is loose leading.This is loose leading. This is loose leading. Thisis loose leading. This is loose leading. This is looseleading. This is loose leading.LEADINGLeading is the space between lines of text.

TYPOGRAPHY: HIERARCHY1 TYPE FAMILY: AVENIRTHE ART OF INFOGRAPHICS2 TYPE FAMILIES: AVENIR AND ROCKWELLHEADING TO APPEAR HEREHEADING TO APPEAR HERESubhead to Appear Here.Subhead to Appear Here.Body copy goes here. Apienit hic te ius. Bus utem qui volesti officBody copy goes here. Apienit hic te ius. Bus utem qui volestito quunt endandios aut dolorios etur? Cusa. Voluptasiti officipoffic to quunt endandios aut dolorios etur? Cusa. Voluptasitiiducipsant dolum. Body copy goes here. Apienit hic te ius. Busofficip iducipsant dolum. Body copy goes here. Apienit hic teutem qui volesti offic to quunt endandios aut dolorios etur? Cusa.ius. Bus utem qui volesti offic to quunt endandios aut doloriosVoluptasiti officip iducipsant dolum.etur? Cusa. Voluptasiti officip iducipsant dolum.Footnote to appear here. Apienit hic te ius. Bus utem qui volesti offic to quuntendandios aut dolorios etur.Footnote to appear here. Apienit hic te ius. Bus utem qui volesti offic to quuntendandios aut dolorios etur.