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E0cell standard cell potential E0cell canbemeasureddirectly Inthiszinc- ‐coppercell E0cell is measured to be 1.10 V Can be calculated from standard electrode potential (E0half-cell)for each half-reaction as given in the tableE0cell E0cathode (reduction) – E0anode (oxidation)But, how do we determine E0half-cell?
Standard Reduction PotentialE values are referenced to a standardhydrogen electrode (SHE).1.0MHCl(aq) The SHE half-cell consists of a glass tube, H2gas at 1.0 atm, platinum electrode (inert, notreacting, provides a surface for the H2 gas toreact), 1.0 M HCl at 25 C.
Standard Hydrogen ElectrodeWhen coupled with a less activemetal, the SHE can serve as ananode. The oxidation half-reactionis the oxidation of H2 to 2H , thepotential difference 0.0 VoltsH2(g, 1 atm) 2 H (aq, 1M) 2e-E 0.0 Voltsanoxida2onreac2on
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urfaceofthepla2numelectrode2.Writethehalf- ode.
Standard Reduction PotentialsAnodehalf- ‐reac2on:Cathodehalf- ‐reac2on:Overallcellreac2on:H2(g)2H (aq) 2e- ‐E 0.0VCu2 (aq) 2e- ‐Cu(s)E ?VH2(g) Cu2 (aq)2H (aq) Cu(s)E hestandardhalf- thecathodeandtheoxida2onattheanode: Ered (cathode)- ‐Ered (anode)Ecell 0.34V XCu2 /Cu–{0.0V}SHEThemeasuredpoten2alforthiscell:E cell 0.34V
E cell is a Potential DifferenceBetween Two Half-CellsThe greater the differencebetween the two half-cellreactions, the greater thevoltage of the cell. 0.40V 0.34V0.00Cu2 (aq) 2e- ‐H2(g)Cu(s)2H (aq) 2e- ‐
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Standard Hydrogen ElectrodeWe select as a standard halfreaction the reduction of 2H toH2 under standard conditions,which we assign a potentialdifference 0.0 VoltsTheSHEcanserveasacathode.2 H (aq, 1M) 2e- H2(g, 1 atm) E 0.0 Voltsareduc2onreac2on
urfaceofthepla2numelectrode2.Writethehalf- ode.
How to Calculate a StandardReduction PotentialAnodehalf- ‐reac2on:Zn(s)Cathodehalf- ‐reac2on:2H (aq) 2e- ‐Overallcellreac2on:Zn2 (aq) 2e- ‐Zn(s) 2H (aq)H2(g)E ?VE 0.0VZn2 (aq) H2(g)E 0.76V Ered (cathode)- ‐Ered (anode)Ecell 0.76V 0.0V(SHE)- ‐{x}Zn/Zn2 X - ‐0.76VZn(s)Zn2 (aq) 2e- ‐Zn2 (aq) 2e- ‐Zn(s)E - ‐0.76VE 0.76Voxida2onAsastandardreduc2onpoten2al
E cell is a Potential DifferenceBetween Two Half-CellsThe greater the differencebetween the two half-cellreactions, the greater thevoltage of the cell.0.00VH2(g)2H (aq) 2e- ‐- ‐0.50V- ‐0.76VZn2 (aq) 2e- ‐Zn(s)
Determinetheiden2tyofthemetal.E cell 2.37V
The SHE half-cell consists of a glass tube, H 2 gas at 1.0 atm, platinum electrode (inert, not reacting, provides a surface for the H 2 gas to react), 1.0 M HCl at 25 C. 1.0’M HCl(aq) E valu
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