INDEPENDENT AND SUBORDINATE CLAUSES

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INDEPENDENTANDSUBORDINATECLAUSES

BELLWORKFind the two clauses in thissentence. Which clausecould stand alone as asentence?We had to stop whenour hands achedfiercely from thecold.—from April and the Dragon Lady,by Lensey Namioka

CLAUSESA clause is a group of wordswith a subject and apredicate.SubjectThe airPredicategrew cool.

CLAUSESThere are two major kinds ofclauses:main independentdependent subordinate

CLAUSESAn independent clauseexpresses a completethought. A simple sentencehas one independent clause. The air grew cool.A compound sentence hastwo or more independentclauses. The air grew cool, and itrained.

CLAUSESA subordinate clause has asubject and a predicate butdoes not express a completethought. It cannot standalone as a sentence. Itdepends on, or needs, anindependent clause tocomplete its meaning.

CLAUSESA complex sentence has oneor more subordinate clausesand an independent clause.SubordinateIndependentWhen the sun set, the cloudsappeared.

CLAUSESA subordinate clause maycome before or after anindependent clause.Before spring comes, it willsnow.It will snow before springcomes.

CLAUSESClauses can be introducedby the same words thatintroduce phrases, such asbefore, after, until, and since.A clause always has asubject and a predicate; aphrase never does.

CLAUSESClause:I’ll see you before springcomes.Phrase:I’ll see you before sunset.

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?1.he will arrive

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?1.he will arriveindependent

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?2.since you aren’t going

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?2.since you aren’t goingsubordinate

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?3.I didn’t like it

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?3.I didn’t like itindependent

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?4.after he flew here

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?4.after he flew heresubordinate

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?5.soon Carrie will leave

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?5.soon Carrie will leaveindependent

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?6.until she departs

PRACTICEIs each clause subordinateor independent?6.until she departssubordinate

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?7.You’ll need to stay hereuntil the end of the storm.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?7.You’ll need to stay hereuntil the end of the storm.phrase

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?8.After the rain ended, thetraffic reporter watchedthe roads.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?8.After the rain ended, thetraffic reporter watchedthe roads.clause

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?9.From the helicopter, hecould see everything.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?9.From the helicopter, hecould see everything.phrase

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?10. Hewould continue hiswork until another shiftcame on.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?10. Hewould continue hiswork until another shiftcame on.clause

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?11. Beforehe could leave, hehad to complete a lengthyreport about the storm’simpact.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?11. Beforehe could leave, hehad to complete a lengthyreport about the storm’simpact.clause

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?12. Insome areas, the stormhad torn away largesections of pavement as itpassed.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?12. Insome areas, the stormhad torn away largesections of pavement as itpassed.phrase

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?13. Manyparts of the roadsystem in the regionbecame flooded before thestorm moved on to thenortheast.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?13. Manyparts of the roadsystem in the regionbecame flooded before thestorm moved on to thenortheast.clause

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?14. Inspite of the intensity ofthe storm, very littleserious damage hadoccurred, and no trees hadfallen.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?14. Inspite of the intensity ofthe storm, very littleserious damage hadoccurred, and no trees hadfallen.phrase

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?15. Thereporter finished hosreport before the nextshift began.

PRACTICEIs each underlined group ofwords a phrase or a clause?15. Thereporter finished hosreport before the nextshift began.clause

SUMMING UP A clause is a group ofwords that has a subjectand a predicate.An independent clauseexpresses a completethought.A subordinate clause doesnot express a completethought and cannot standalone as a sentence.

WRITE A JOURNAL ENTRYIn your spiral notebook,write a letter or an email toa friend, in which youdescribe the scariest stormyou have ever experienced.Use both independentclauses and subordinateclauses. Exchange with apartner, and underline all oftheir subordinate clauses.

with a subject and a predicate. Subject Predicate The air grew cool. CLAUSES There are two major kinds of clauses: main independent dependent subordinate. CLAUSES An independent clause expresses a complete thought. A simple sentence .

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