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IS0INTERNATIONALSTANDARDThis is a preview of "ISO 14001:1996". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.14001First edition1996-09-01Environmental management systems Specification with guidance for useSyst6mes de management environnementaldirectrices pour son utilisa tion-Sphcificationet lignesReference numberIS0 14001:1996(E)

IS0 14001:1996(E)This is a preview of "ISO 14001:1996". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.ContentsPage1Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14Environmental2managementsystem requirements.2policy .241.General requirements42.Environmental43.Planning .44.aspects .4.3.1Environmental4.3.2Legal and other requirements4.3.3Objectives4.3.4Environmentaland targets .3managementprogramme(s).Structure and responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333. . . . . . . . . . . .3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4and em documentation.44.4.5Document control . . . . . . . .*.4managementcontrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4and response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Checking and corrective action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44.4.6 Operational4.4.746.334.4.2 Training, awareness45.3.and operation .Implementation4.4.10. . . . . . . . . . rmance and corrective and preventiveaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .*.54.5.3Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54.5.4Environmental5Managementand measurementmanagementsystem audit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .*.5IS0 1996All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproducedor utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying andmicrofilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.International Organization for StandardizationCase Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l SwitzerlandPrinted in Switzerlandii

@ IS0IS0 14001:1996(E)This is a preview of "ISO 14001:1996". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.AnnexesAGuidance on the use of the specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6BLinks between IS0 14001 and IS0 9001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11CBibliography . . . . . . . . .*.14

IS0 14001:1996(E)@ IS0This is a preview of "ISO 14001:1996". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.ForewordIS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work ofpreparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for whicha technical committee has been established has the right to be representedon that committee. International organizations,governmentaland nongovernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) onall matters of electrotechnical standardization.Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an InternationalStandard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies castinga vote.International Standard IS0 14001 was prepared by Technical CommitteeISO/TC 207, Environmentalmanagement, Subcommittee SC 1, Environmental management systems.Annexes A, B and C of this InternationalIVStandard are for informationonly.

@ IS0IS0 14001:1996(E)This is a preview of "ISO 14001:1996". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.IntroductionOrganizations of all kinds are increasingly concerned to achieve and demonstrate sound environmental performance by controlling the impact oftheir activities, products or services on the environment, taking into accounttheir environmental policy and objectives. They do so in the context of increasingly stringent legislation, the development of economic policies andother measures to foster environmental protection, and a general growth ofconcern from interested parties about environmentalmatters includingsustainable development.Many organizations have undertaken environmental “reviews” or “audits” toassess their environmental performance. On their own, however, these“reviews” and “audits” may not be sufficient to provide an organization withthe assurance that its performance not only meets, but will continue tomeet, its legal and policy requirements. To be effective, they need to beconducted within a structured management system and integrated withoverall management activity.International Standards covering environmental management are intendedto provide organizations with the elements of an effective environmentalmanagement system which can be integrated with other management requirements, to assist organizations to achieve environmental and economicgoals. These Standards, like other International Standards, are not intended to be used to create non-tariff trade barriers or to increase orchange an organization’s legal obligations.This International Standard specifies the requirements of such an environmental management system. It has been written to be applicable to alltypes and sizes of organizations and to accommodate diverse geographical, cultural and social conditions. The basis of the approach is shown infigure 1. The success of the system depends on commitment from alllevels and functions, especially from top management. A system of thiskind enables an organization to establish, and assess the effectiveness of,procedures to set an environmental policy and objectives, achieve conformance with them, and demonstrate such conformance to others. Theoverall aim of this International Standard is to support environmental protection and prevention of pollution in balance with socio-economic needs. Itshould be noted that many of the requirements may be addressed concurrently or revisited at any time.There is an important distinction between this specification which describesthe requirements for certification/registrationand/or self-declaration of anorganization’s environmental management system and a non-certifiableguideline intended to provide generic assistance to an organization for implementing or improving an environmental management system. Environmental management encompasses a full range of issues including thosewith strategic and competitive implications. Demonstration of successfulimplementation of this International Standard can be used by an organ-

@ IS0IS0 14001:1996(E)This is a preview of "ISO 14001:1996". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.ization to assure interested parties that an appropriateagement system is in place./Lenvironmentalman-Continual improvementEnvironmentalpolicyManagement reviewImplementationcorrectiveFigure 1 tandardGuidance on supporting environmentalmanagementcontained in other International Standards.model for thistechniqueswill beThis International Standard contains only those requirements that may beobjectively audited for certification/registrationpurposesand/or selfdeclaration purposes. Those organizations requiring more general guidance on a broad range of environmentalmanagement system issuesshould refer to IS0 14004:1996, Environmental management systems General guidelines on principles, systems and supporting techniques.It should be noted that this International Standard does not establish absolute requirements for environmental performance beyond commitment, inthe policy, to compliance with applicable legislation and regulations and tocontinual improvement. Thus, two organizations carrying out similar activities but having different environmental performance may both complywith its requirements.The adoption and implementation of a range of environmental managementtechniques in a systematic manner can contribute to optimal outcomes forall interested parties. However, adoption of this International Standard willnot in itself guarantee optimal environmental outcomes. In order to achieveenvironmental objectives, the environmental management system shouldencourage organizations to consider implementation of the best availabletechnology, where appropriate and where economically viable. In addition,VI

1996(E)0 IS0This is a preview of "ISO 14001:1996". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.the cost effectivenesscount.of such technologyshould be fully taken into ac-This International Standard is not intended to address, and does not include requirements for, aspects of occupational health and safety management; however, it does not seek to discourage an organization fromdeveloping integration of such management system elements. Nevertheless, the certification/registrationprocess will only be applicable to aspectsof the environmental management system.This International Standard shares common management system principles with the IS0 9000 series of quality system Standards. Organizationsmay elect to use an existing management system consistent with theIS0 9000 series as a basis for its environmental management system. Itshould be understood, however, that the application of various elements ofthe management system may differ due to different purposes and differentinterested parties. While quality management systems deal with customerneeds, environmental management systems address the needs of a broadrange of interested parties and the evolving needs of society for environmental protection.The environmental management system requirements specified in this International Standard do not need to be established independently of existing management system elements. In some cases, it will be possible tocomply with the requirements by adapting existing management systemelements.vii

International Standard IS0 14001 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee SC 1, Environ- mental management systems. Annexes A, B and C of this International Standard are for information only. IV This is a preview of "ISO 14001:1996".

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