GUIDELINES ON CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT – I SO/IEC 17024:2012
THE EUROPEAN UNION’S 10th EDF PROGRAMME FOR NIGERIAGUIDELINES ON CONFORMITYASSESSMENT – ISO/IEC 17024:2012This project is funded by theEuropean UnionFEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF NIGERIAA project implemented by theUnited Nations IndustrialDevelopment Organization
CHAPTER 1Globalization of Workforce Certification and Why Quality Certification Matters2
Certification ProgramContentsAbbreviationsGeneral Context3CHAPTER 35Case Studies for Guidelines onISO/IEC 1702422Scope of ISO/IEC 1702423Responsibility for decision oncertification (Clause 4.2)24Management of impartiality(Clause 4.3)24Structure of the certification bodyin relation to training (Clause 5.2)25Development of the CertificationScheme (Clause 8)25Creating a Mutual RecognitionAgreement32General Guiding Principles forGood Practice in the Assessment ofForeign Credentials34CHAPTER 1Globalization of Workforce Certificationand Why Quality Certification Matters 5Introduction7Definition of certification8The advantages of using certificationsystems to identify qualified personnel 9ISO/IEC 17024:2012,Conformity assessmentPrinciples for certification bodies forpersons and their certificationactivities711CHAPTER 2CHAPTER 4Requirements for Creatinga Certification Program –Implementation Clauses14Clause 4: General requirements15Clause 5: Structural requirements16Clause 6: Resource requirements16Clause 7: Records and informationrequirements16Clause 8: Certification schemes16Clause 9: Certification processrequirements17Clause 10: Management systems21A Mutual Recognition/ Multi-LateralAgreement for ISO/IEC 1702438The International Organization forStandardization39The International Accreditation Forum 39Regional cooperation bodies41CHAPTER 5Globalization of WorkforceCertification: Implications forInternational Agencies42Introduction43Overview of certification systemsused by international agencies43Operational issues to considerwhen offering certificationsin multiple countries481
Certification CPrLACSLACTLTEMSEUFSMSGlobal ANUNIDOWFOTAccreditation BodyAmerican National Standards InstituteConformity AssessmentConformity Assessment BodyCommittee on Conformity AssessmentCertification BodyConsultative Committee for Professional Management OrganizationsCertification Body for PersonCertified Pupil Laboratory AnalystCertified Principal Laboratory AnalystCertified Senior Laboratory AnalystCertified Testing Laboratory TechnicianEnvironmental Management SystemEuropean UnionFood Safety Management SystemGlobal Partnership for Good Agricultural PracticeInternational Accreditation ForumInternational Electrotechnical CommissionInformation Security Management SystemsInstitute of Public Analysts of NigeriaInternational Organization for StandardizationJob Task AnalysisKnowledge and Skill AnalysisMultilateral ArrangementMutual Recognition ArrangementMetrology, Standardization, Testing and QualityPacific Accreditation CooperationQuality Infrastructure SystemsStandard Operating ProceduresSociety of Testing Laboratory Analysts of NigeriaUnited Nations Industrial Development OrganizationWorld Federation of Occupational Therapy3
Certification ProgramGeneral ContextThe present publication has been produced in the context ofthe National Quality Infrastructure Project for Nigeria fundedby the European Union. The findings and the relevantcase studies are largely based on the experience andlessons learned during the implementation of the projectby the executing agency, the United Nations IndustrialDevelopment Organisation (UNIDO).About the AuthorsDr. Vijay Krishna is the Senior Director, CredentialingAccreditation Programs at the American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI). He serves on the Pacific AccreditationCooperation (PAC) Multilateral Recognition Arrangement(MLA) Management Committee. He also chairs the ISO/IEC17024 Working Group of the Pacific Accreditation Cooperationand the International Accreditation Forum (IAF) Task Force onCompetence of Accreditation Body Assessors and Experts.He regularly conducts workshops and training globally oncreating and implementing personnel certification programsbased on the international standard ISO/IEC 17024.Dr. Cynthia D. Woodley is a Psychometrician and examdevelopment expert who works with Certification Bodies forpersons developing certification programs and assessments.She is actively involved in standards development andconformity assessment activities. She currently serves onthe American National Standards Institute’s (ANSI’s) Boardof Directors and on WorkCred’s (an ANSI affiliate) Boardof Directors. She was the convenor of ISO CASCO’s WG30which revised ISO/IEC 17024 and created ISO/IEC 17027 andalso was convenor of WG 42 which revised ISO/IEC 17011.She is currently convenor of ISO CASCO WG 23 which isrevising the ISO common structure and standards mandatorylanguage and convenor of WG 49 revising ISO/IEC 17000.Actively involved with IAF, she currently chairs the IAF WG forCertification of Persons.Dr. Shaukat H. Malik is Chief Technical Adviser for UNIDONational Quality Infrastructure Project for Nigeria. He is aninternationally recognized trainer and consultant for qualityinfrastructure development components of conformityassessment, standards, accreditation bodies and nationalmetrology institutes (NMI). He is ex-DG/CEO of PakistanNational Accreditation Council. He has technically supportedmany conformity assessment bodies (product certificationbodies as per ISO17065, personnel certification as perISO17024, management system CBs as per ISO17021 andlaboratories as per ISO17025) from inception, throughoperation, until final accreditation. He has served in the fieldof Metrology, Standards, Testing, and Quality in Middle East,Asia, Europe and African countries etc.Dr. Sharon Goldsmith is an internationally recognizedexpert on standards development, certification, continuingeducation and accreditation. She consults to governmentand private organizations throughout the world to designand implement programs that adhere to international qualitybenchmarks. She served as chair of the American NationalStandards Institute (ANSI) Personnel Certification Committeethat accredits certification programs that demonstratecompliance to ISO/IEC 17024 and a member of the ISO/CASCO working group that revised this standard. She helpeddesign the ANSI accreditation systems for certificationand certificate programs and co leads the ANSI PersonnelCertification Accreditation workshops.Facilitation & CoordinationDr. Raymond Tavares, Project Manager and Katinka Vigh,Project Associate, National Quality Infrastructure Project forNigeria, United Nations Industrial Development Organisation(UNIDO).5
CHAPTER 1Globalization of Workforce Certification and Why Quality Certification MattersChapter 1Globalization of WorkforceCertification and Why QualityCertification Matters6
Certification ProgramIntroductionAs our world becomes more global, boundaries that havebeen historically defined by states, provinces or evencountries are rapidly disappearing. Nowhere is this moreevident than in the areas of professional certifications inmany industries.Rapid changes in technology, delivery systems and workforcemobility have increased the need for systems that promotethe transnational use of qualified persons and services.Transnational standards that address the education andcredentialing of personnel are a critical component of suchsystems.Several factors are fueling interest in creating and expandingtransnational standards of quality for personnel in manyindustries. For example in medicine, architecture, law, andaccounting new service delivery mechanisms, such as telepractice and outsourcing have literally erased the geographicboundaries that traditionally limited both employment andaccess to services to specific geographic areas. The issueof where a resident of one country needs to be licensed orcertified if he/she wants to work on a project in anothercountry is being discussed by many regulatory agencies andassociations throughout the world. Deciding which standardsare to be followed, who has jurisdiction to monitor the qualityof the service and deciding who has jurisdiction if a mistake ismade are critical components of these discussions.Additionally, government and private interests want toincrease international trade in services by creating moretransparency between differing certification systems andpromoting the portability of qualified persons. Theseinterests are also beginning to influence how colleges anduniversities educate students. Professionals must now beeducated to compete in a global marketplaceProfessional certifications that identify work relatedcompetencies and verify those individuals that candemonstrate that these competencies have been attainedcontributes to the development of human capital. TheConsultative Committee for Professional ManagementOrganizations (CCPMO) found in their economic impactassessment study that estimated lifetime economicbenefit associated with holding professional certification/qualifications and membership of professional institute isapproximately 152,000 in today’s money terms (LondonEconomics, 2008). Eight leading professional bodies inbusiness disciplines in UK with over half a million individualmembers were represented by CCPMO. Further, the broadereconomic impact in terms of additional tax revenuecontributed by an individual with professional qualificationsand membership of a professional institute was found to beabout 53,000 in monetary terms.In many countries certification systems are very welldeveloped for the professions such as medical doctors,lawyers and engineers but less well developed for othercomponents of the workforce. In many countries employmentonly requires that a person has completed a course of studyor earned a degree.Due to the positive impact of certification of persons oneconomic development, many countries are exploring howto design and implement formal certification systems. Thismay include designing in- country certification systemsthat are unique to country specific needs, adapting existinginternationally recognized certification systems and/orencouraging international certification bodies to makecertifications available to citizens within a country. Thisinterest in developing systems is being driven by governmentas well as private sector interests, who often work inpartnership.Among the factors driving this interest to developinternationally accepted certification systems include:· Increased governmental interest in negotiating tradein-services agreements that require systematic meansof defining the requirements for, and evaluating, whatconstitutes “qualified personnel”.· The interest of national corporations to expand theirbusinesses globally and ensure consistency in the qualityof their employees.· The increased need for public protection as electronicsystems of delivering services such as telehealth anddistance education make the cross border delivery ofhealthcare, education and other services more routine.7
CHAPTER 1Globalization of Workforce Certification and Why Quality Certification Matters· The increase in migration and international recruitmentis creating increased need to develop consistent systemsfor national and local authorities to assess credentials ofinternationally applicants for employmentDefinition of certificationCertification is the third party verification that anindividual possesses the knowledge, skills and abilities(competencies) to do a job. ISO/ IEC TS 17027: ConformityAssessment Vocabulary related to competence of personsused for certification of persons defines certification as“third party attestation” and further discusses attestationFigure 1 ABas the fulfillment of specific requirements that have beendemonstrated. The key concepts in certification of personsare· Identification of the specific tasks and the relatedknowledge, skills and abilities (competencies) required toperform a job;· Systems to assess whether an individual possesses thesecompetencies; and· Independent third party verification to the public thatan individual has successfully demonstrated he/shepossesses the defined competencies.First party, Second Party and Third PartyEvaluates/AuditsAgainst a Standard2nd PartyAccredits Againsta Standard3rd PartyConsultantCBP1st PartySelf AttestCBPCertifies Againsta Scheme3rd PartyAttests to competenceagainst a scheme2nd PartyTrainer orEmployerPerson1st PartySelf Attest8
Certification ProgramThe advantages ofusing certification systemsto identify qualifiedpersonnelIn many countries evidence of qualification to perform a jobis defined by the level and type of education or experiencethat person has acquired. However, there is often no formallink between a person’s education or experience and theknowledge and skills needed to perform a job successfully,Sometimes when education is the only requirement for ajob, employers complain that despite having the requisiteeducation, workers are unable to competently perform a job.Education content is generally solely developed by theeducation faculty who teaches a specific course and mayor may not be familiar with specific job requirements.Additionally, the education content may not even bedesigned train people to do specific jobs, but rather isdesigned to be broader in scope. Certification, in contrastto education, requires that there be a systematic analysisof the knowledge, skills and abilities are to perform eachof the specific tasks that make up a job and mechanismsto assess that the knowledge skills and abilities have beenattained. Certification systems require that employers andother stakeholders participate in identifying the knowledge,skills and abilities (competencies) than individual musthave to do a job properly. Employers will then participatefurther in defining the certification requirements includingthe assessment mechanisms that should be used to identifythose individuals who possess the requisite competencies.Using certification systems to identify qualified personnelprovides more assurances than solely requiring educationthat the competencies individuals bring to the job matchemployer need and improves the quality of the workforce.Key characteristics of a certification system include thefollowing:· Certification is a public statement or declaration that onehas passed an examination, and otherwise met specifiedcriteria demonstrating that one has the necessarycompetencies necessary to successfully perform the jobsthat comprise a specific occupation.· Certifications are granted for a limited period of time andmust be renewed to ensure that individuals continue topossess the competencies required to perform the job.Certification renewal may require ongoing education and/or assessment and/or experience.· Certifications can be issued by anyone or any type oforganization. These include government or regulatorybody, professional or trade associations, private,independent certification organizations, employers orequipment and software developers.· Certification for certain occupations may be voluntary insome countries but is mandatory in others. Sometimesthe certification becomes so important to job attainmentthat it can be considered quasi-mandatory. This occurswhen the certification is written in as a requirement injob descriptions, career laddering systems, or projectspecifications.ISO/IEC 17024:2012,Conformity assessment –General requirements for bodiesoperating certification of personsThe international Standard ISO/IEC 17024:2012 Conformityassessment– General requirements for bodies operatingcertification of persons, provides a global benchmarkfor quality certification. During recent years, thisstandard, developed by the International Organization forStandardization (ISO), which represents members from 162countries has changed the way certifications are offered andhas harmonized expectations for what constitutes qualitycertifications throughout the world. This standard wasdeveloped by ISO based on the need for public protection byestablishing that individuals have the required competenciesto perform their job. Government agencies worldwidehave recognized the standard as a critical requirement forpersonnel certification bodies that offer certification in manyindustries including diverse and critical areas related topublic health, environment, and national security.9
CHAPTER 1Globalization of Workforce Certification and Why Quality Certification MattersFigure 2 Relationship among AB, CB andCertified IndividualABAccreditsagainst 17024CBPCertifiesagainst theSchemePersonThe specific requirements for bodies operating certificationof persons (certification bodies) that are presented inthe Standard are contained in the chapter on developingcertification programs.10As noted in the introduction to the Standard:This International Standard has been developed with theobjective of achieving and promoting a globally acceptedbenchmark for organizations operating certification ofpersons. Certification for persons is one means of providingassurance that the certified person meets the requirementsof the certification scheme. Confidence in the respectivecertification schemes for persons is achieved by means ofa globally accepted process of assessment and periodic reassessments of the competence of certified persons.However, it is necessary to distinguish between situationswhere certification schemes for persons are justified andsituations where other forms of qualification are moreappropriate. The development of certification schemesfor persons, in response to the ever increasing velocity oftechnological innovation and growing specialization ofpersonnel, can compensate for variations in education andtraining and thus facilitate the global job market. Alternativesto certification can still be necessary in positions where publicservices, official or governmental operations are concerned.In contrast to other types of conformity assessment bodies,such as management system certification bodies, one of thecharacteristic functions of the certification body for personsis to conduct an examination, which uses objective criteriato measure competence and scoring. While it is recognizedthat such an examination, if well planned and structured bythe certification body for persons, can substantially serveto ensure impartiality of operations and reduce the risk ofa conflict of interest, additional requirements have beenincluded in this International Standard.In either case, this International Standard can serve asthe basis for the recognition of the certification bodies forpersons and the certification schemes under which personsare certified, in order to facilitate their acceptance at thenational and international levels. Only the harmonizationof the system for developing and maintaining certificationschemes for persons can establish the environment formutual recognition and the global exchange of personnel.This International Standard specifies requirements whichensure that certification bodies for persons operatingcertification schemes for persons operate in a consistent,comparable and reliable manner. The requirements inthis International Standard are considered to be generalrequirements for bodies providing certification of persons.
Certification ProgramCertification of persons can only occur when there is acertification scheme. The certification scheme is designed tosupplement the requirements included in this InternationalStandard and include those requirements that the marketneeds or desires, or that are required by governments.Figure 3 Principles for certificationbodies for persons and theircertification activitiesThis International Standard can be used as a criteriadocument for accreditation or peer evaluation or designationby governmental authorities, scheme owners and others. “The Standard specifies that the requirements for certificationbodies contained in the
ISO/IEC 17024 22 Scope of ISO/IEC 17024 23 Responsibility for decision on certification (Clause 4.2) 24 Management of impartiality (Clause 4.3) 24 Structure of the certification body in relation to training (Clause 5.2) 25 Development of the Certification Scheme (Clause 8) 25 Creating a Mutual Recognition Agreement32 General Guiding .
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1. There is a toolbox of conformity assessment approaches intended to meet a range of needs. 2. Conformity assessment program models vary based on balancing risk and resources. 3. Software and cybersecurity bring challenges to conformity assessment. Certain commercial products, organizations and websites are identified.
8. conformity assessment bodies Bodies that perform conformity assessment activities, including testing, calibration, certification and inspection. 9. Designation Acceptance of the applicant body that applicate to perform conformity assessment services in specific field in accordance with the rules of this procedure. 10. Applicant bodies
The online survey was distributed to stakeholders throughout the conformance system, and they completed the survey between 26 June and 10 July 2018. The target survey sample were organisations which provide conformity assessments (ie conformity assessment bodies) and organisations which use conformity assessment services. The aim was to hear from
AWS Conformity Assessment Report for: Coca Cola HBC Hrvatska d.o.o. LR reference: PIR0361689/ 3216964 AWS reference number: AWS-000317 Assessment dates: 10-11/12/2020 Assessment location: 1 Milana Sachsa, Zagreb 10000, Croatia Assessment criteria: AWS Standard Version 2, 22/03/2019 Assessment team: Artemis Papadopoulou Assessment type: Initial assessment
Subject: Marking requirement as per self-declaration of Conformity {Scheme-II of Schedule II of BIS (Conformity Assessment) Regulations, 2018} 1. BIS (Conformity Assessment) Regulations, 2018 have been notified and . the guidelines issued by BIS vide circular reference CMD 3/8:1/6975 dated 3 Dec 2015. A R Unnikrishnan Head (CMD-III)
NOTE 1 First-party, second-party and third-party conformity assessment activities are defined in ISO/IEC 17000. NOTE 2 The term "document" is defined in 3.1.1. 3.1 Explanation Requirements for conformity assessment are in many cases comprehensively fixed in regulations.
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of conformity assessment, the ISO Committee on conformity assessment (CASCO) is responsible for the development of International Standards and Guides. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
