VIAVI Solutions Application Note Narrowband Internet Of .

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VIAVI SolutionsApplication NoteNarrowband Internetof Things (NB-IoT)CellAdvisor JD700B SeriesInternet of Things (IoT) technology is augmenting wireless servicesby enabling devices to connect to mobile networks via narrowbandsignals. These signals can be transmitted as a stand-alone service orco-existing with cellular broadband signals such as GSM or LTE.The industry has defined three main technologies totransmit NB-IoT in cellular bands:yy Extended Coverage GSM for Internet of Things (ECGSM-IoT)yy Long Term Evolution Machine Type CommunicationsCategory M1 (LTE MTC Cat M1, or LTE-M)yy Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT)The standards body group 3GPP has defined thefollowing key requirements for cellular IoT:yy Low power consumption by IoT devices, enablingbattery operation for 10 yearsyy Low cost of IoT devices in terms of tenths of dollarsyy Improved outdoor and indoor penetration coverageyy Secure connectivity and strong authenticationyy Efficient data transmission supporting small andintermittent data blocksyy Simplified network topology and deploymentThere are several industries andapplications that will benefit fromIoT technology:yy Application 1: mobility use cases involvingtracking persons or devices for assisted livingand remote health monitoring.yy Application 2: mobility use cases involvingindustrial asset tracking, microgeneration,agricultural livestock and environmental nearreal-time monitoring (for example, for firehydrants and industrial tank processes).yy Application 3: stationary use cases requiringdeep indoor coverage, such as smart water andgas metering, smart parking, smart building,home automation, smart grid, and industrialmachineryyy Application 4: stationary use cases, such assmart city lighting and vending machines thatare externally powered and battery is used asbackup.

RequirementsApplication 1Application 2Application 3Application 4Battery Life5 years5 to 10 years10 to 15 yearsAs back-upCoverageIndoors and OutdoorsMostly outdoorsMostly IndoorsIndoors and OutdoorsMobilityLow to highLowStationaryStationaryLatency 30s 10s10s to 60s 30sNarrowband Internet of Things DefinitionNarrowband IoT has been defined by 3GPP based on the characteristics of LTE to enable rapid adoption andseamless integration into existing LTE networks, with simple modifications considering the use cases of IoT,particularly related to extended coverage and low power consumption.NB-IoT can be implemented in three different operation modes:1. Standalone mode, for instances where cellular services are not present or are decommissioned to makenarrowband spectrum available, which is the case of cellular GSM; by reframing one or more GSM carriers tocarry NB-IoT traffic, operators can ensure a smooth transition to LTE for massive machine type communication2. Guard-band mode, for instances where cellular services are present and NB-IoT is positioned in the guard band ofLTE carriers, without allocating LTE resources and avoiding possible interference3. In-band mode, for instances where cellular services are present and NB-IoT is positioned in the LTE carrier sharingLTE resources; this mode of operation is perhaps the more cost-effective and seamless for mobile operators sinceit does not require any hardware changes of the radio access network, and efficiently uses spectrum resources forLTE or NB-IoT services based on demand from mobile users or devicesStand Alone2 Narrowband Internet of ThingsGuard-BandIn-Band

NB-IoT in coexistence with LTE can operate in the following bands:BandUplink (MHz)Downlink (MHz)Duplex Type 111920 to 19802110 to 2170FDD21850 to 19101930 to 1990FDD31710 to 17851805 to 1880FDD5824 to 849869 to 894FDD8880 to 915925 to 960FDD111427.9 to 1447.91475.9 to 1495.9FDD12699 to 716729 to 746FDD13777 to 787746 to 756FDD17704 to 716734 to 746FDD18815 to 830860 to 875FDD19830 to 845875 to 890FDD20832 to 862791 to 821FDD251850 to 19151930 to 1995FDD26814 to 849859 to 894FDD28703 to 748758 to 803FDD31452.5 to 457.5462.5 to 467.5FDD661710 to 17802110 to 2200FDD701695 to 17101995 to 2020FDDNB-IoT Signal AnalysisNB-IoT signal analysis is performed for installation and maintenance activities to:yy Ensure proper communication and service delivery is achievedyy Avoid the consumption of additional bandwidth, which will also reduce the number of IoT devices that can beconnected to the networkyy Avoid the effects of improper power levels that might limit signals reaching IoT devices, or create multipleretransmissions that will shorten battery operation time of IoT devicesWireless signal analysis for installation and maintenance covers two main aspects:A. The signal’s physical profile, including RF power and frequency characteristics, and its verification to mobileoperators’ configuration and conformance to 3GPP standardsB. The signal’s data (modulation) quality, including modulation testing and error vector magnitude(EVM) distortion3 Narrowband Internet of Things

VIAVI CellAdvisor is the solution of choice for installation and maintenance, performing wireless signal analysiscovering conventional cellular services 2G, 3G, 4G as well as advanced mobile services, such as MBMS and NB-IoT.Physical ProfileModulation Quality Channel powerOccupied bandwidthAdjacent channel powerSpectrum emission maskSpurious emissionsTest SolutionGSM, GPRS, EDGECDMA, EVDOWCDMA, HSDPALTE, LTE-AdvancedeMBMSNB-IoTCellAdvisorNB-IoT BandwidthNB-IoT transmission bandwidth is defined by 3GPP as follows:BandwidthNB-IoT StandaloneNB-IoT In-BandNB-IoT Guard-bandChannel bandwidth [Defined in kHz]200Per LTE channelsPer LTE channels edges 5MHzTransmission bandwidth (LTEResource Blocks)111Transmission bandwidth (N-tone15kHz)121212Transmission bandwidth (N-tone3.75kHz)484848Guard-Band4 Narrowband Internet of ThingsIn-Band

CellAdvisor LTE Resource Blocks and NB-IoT In-BandNB-IoT PowerNB-IoT power dynamic (power boosting) defined by 3GPP in terms of LTE physical resource block (PRB) shall belarger than or equal to 6dB for in-band and guard band operation modes.Guard - Band5 Narrowband Internet of ThingsIn - Band

CellAdvisor NB-IoT Adjacent Channel Power Test and Power Boosting VerificationNB-IoT ModulationNB-IoT modulation for all bandwidths is specified by 3GPP in terms of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)with a maximum distortion defined by error vector magnitude (EVM) parameter, as follows:NB-PDSCH ModulationError Vector MagnitudeQuadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK)EVM 17.5%QPSK Modulation and Error Vector Magnitude6 Narrowband Internet of Things

SummaryCellAdvisor NB-IoT Data Channel Modulation QualityNB-IoT has emerged as a key technology enabler to support wirelessly connectivity in licensed spectrum to devices(static or mobile) that will increase network demand to properly serve existing mobile users and devices.Connected devices will reshape wireless network capacity and coverage demand due to their diversity ofapplications, ranging from static sensors with sporadic communication to mobile sensors with latency constraints;in addition, Strategy Analytics estimates that over 3 billion connected devices will be deployed by 2020.The ability to evolve the radio access network and implement NB-IoT services is critical for mobile operators andconsumers, and VIAVI CellAdvisor provides the necessary installation and maintenance measurements to validateproper performance of current cellular services, as well as advanced network densification technologies, includingNB-IoT.Referencesyy Global IoT: A Billion Not Trillion Dollar Opportunity, Strategy Analytics, April 2017yy 3GPP Low Power Wide Area Technologies, GSMA, October 2016yy 3GPP TR 45.820 V13.1.0 - Cellular system support for ultra-low complexity and low throughput Internetof Things (CIoT)yy 3GPP TS 36.104 V14.3.0 - Base Station (BS) radio transmission and receptionContact Us 1 844 GO VIAVI( 1 844 468 4284)To reach the VIAVI office nearest you,visit viavisolutions.com/contact. 2018 VIAVI Solutions Inc.Product specifications and descriptions in thisdocument are subject to change without notice.nbiot-an-cpo-nse-ae30186244 901 1218viavisolutions.com

and remote health monitoring. y Application 2: mobility use cases involving industrial asset tracking, microgeneration, agricultural livestock and environmental near-real-time monitoring (for example, for fire hydrants and industrial tank processes). y Application 3: stationary use cases requiring . GSMA, October 2016

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