Pre-Intermediate Student’s Book - Keynote (AME)

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KeynoteAdvanced – Student’s BookAnswer keyUNIT 11 Possible answers1 Perhaps he recommendsusing environmentallyfriendly means oftransport or recyclingmore. Perhaps hediscourages using plasticsor fossil fuels.2 & 3 Students’ ownanswers21d 2b 3e 4c 5a 6f3a1 So I’m going to suggestthat less stuff and lessspace are going to equal asmaller footprint.2 First of all, you have toedit ruthlessly.3 We’ve got to cut theextraneous out of ourlives, and we’ve got tolearn to stem the inflow.3b4 . . . we combine amoving wall withtransformer furniture toget a lot out of the space.My bed just pops out ofthe wall with two fingers.5 Most of us, maybe all ofus, are here pretty happilyfor a bunch of days with acouple of bags.1.1 Less stuff, morehappiness21d 2c 3a 4e 5b31 by about three times2 credit card debt andtheir environmentalfootprint3 Happiness hasn’tincreased.4 it saves you somemoney, you have asmaller footprint andsmaller utility bills5 Hill means that he onlyhas his ‘favourite stuff’and gets rid of the rest ofhis unnecessarypossessions.41 He mentions letting goof a shirt he hadn’t wornin years and only keepingitems that ‘we’re going tolove for years’.2 By this he means spaceefficiency and designingthings for how they’reused the majority of thetime. In particular, hementions a six-burnerstove when you only usethree burners and he sayswe want things that nest,stack and digitize.3 Examples formultifunctional spacesand housewares include asink combined with atoilet, a dining tablewhich becomes a bed, afoldaway office, and amoving wall with folddown beds.51 He mentions going from3,000 to 2,000 square feetso is suggesting reducingour living space by 30%.2 That they are happy fora few days with just acouple of bags andstaying in a small hotelroom.3 Life editing will give usmore freedom and time.4 The symbol means less equals more.71a 2c 3b 4b 5c9Overall, the answer is 3because Hill attempts topersuade his audience byusing objective facts.(This main aim is in facttrue for most of the TEDTalks that students willwatch with thiscoursebook.)

10KMJ: It’s hard to arguewith smaller utility bills,more money and asmaller environmentalfootprint. I think (‘less equals more’) is areally useful equation.11 Possible answers1 Hill asks us what’s in it,so we assume he’s goingto show us. This arousescuriosity and remindseveryone of the uselessstuff they don’t need thatthey may have storedaway.2 The box isn’t distractingbecause it’s small. Peoplenotice it when he refers toit, but not otherwise.3 Students will have theirown ideas for thisquestion but you couldsuggest that he mightshow a photo of a packingcase instead or perhaps hecould show some stuff hewants to get rid of such asthe shirt he mentions.1.2 Luxury or necessity?31 They consider it anecessity.2 A healthy economybecause more and morepeople start to regard theitems as necessities,presumably because theycan afford them.3 The graph shows that in2005 many peoplesuddenly changed theirminds about certain items.This was probablybrought about by theglobal financial crisis thatoccurred during thatperiod.344a had been increasingb has changedc had fallend has been continuinge will probably havechanged1 will we have beendriving2 won’t have completed3 won’t have had4 won’t have arrived5 will have been talking6 Will you have beenstudying7 will have finished8 won’t have seenAnswers to Grammarsummary exercises11 had, just2 owned, for3 seen, recently4 lived / been living, for5 Are you still working,already6 been arriving, all week7 been trying, for8 used, since21 My sister has beenrepairing bicycles sinceshe was a kid.2 James has been usingthe washing machine allweek.3 We’ve already beenflying for five hours.4 They’ve been workingsince nine o’clock.5 I’ve been living in thisapartment all year.1 used2 started3 turned on4 You’d been working5 hadn’t seen6 haven’t finished51 have just decided2 will have sold3 have lived / have beenliving4 will have been sailing5 had never done6 had been talking7 have been having8 won’t have completed61 I’ve known Simon forsix years.2 They’re They’ve beenworking in this officesince 2012.3 Have Had you beentalking for long beforeyour phone died?4 I had already posted theletter before I realized theaddress was wrong.5 By this time tomorrow,

I finish will have finishedmy final exam.6 By the end ofSeptember, I will havebeen walking to workevery day for ten years.5 hadn’t installed6 ’ll have been living7 ’s used8 ’ve been working5 Possible answers11 a The decision wasmade before thebreakdown.b The decision was aresult of the breakdown.2 a The action will becomplete in a year.b The action will happenin a year.3 a The thinking ishappening now.b The thinking happenedin the past.4 a The action continuesnow.b The action took place inthe past.5 a The ‘trying to think’happened beforesomething else.b The ‘trying to think’may be going on now.The text includes 1, 4 and5.61c 2f 3e 4a 5d 6b71 be able 2 hadn’t played3 ’ve run 4 spend 5 hadn’tever used81 ’s never owned2 ’d been driving3 ’ve been trying4 ’ll have saved1.3 I’m wide awake31 Contradicts (Gardner’srecord has been brokenseveral times since . . .)2 Supports (On day four,he began to hallucinate,imagining that he was afamous American footballplayer.)3 Contradicts (Researchhas found that as wesleep, our minds are ableto continue working . . .)4 Contradicts (But there’sno ‘magic number’ ofhours you need to sleepeach night.)5 Supports (Soldiers havebeen kept awake – andfocused – by wearingspecial goggles that shinea light the colour ofsunrise into their eyes,keeping their brains in‘wake-up’ mode.)6 Supports (Chronic sleepdeprivation can increasethe risk of heart diseaseand other serious healthproblems.)7 Contradicts (As part ofher training, a sleepexpert trained MacArthurto take ten half-hour napseach day, resulting in atotal of five hours sleep inevery twenty-four.Judging by her successes,this approach appears tohave worked well forMacArthur.)8 Contradicts (The 2001TV game show Touch thetruck . . . The winner . . .was Jerry Middleton whostayed awake for 81hours, 43 minutes and 31seconds without letting goof the truck.)41f 2d 3a 4b 5c 6e51 not thought of as beingas good or necessary as itis (adjective)2 guessed to be lowerthan they really are (verb)3 in the condition ofdoing too much work(adjective)4 being done more than isgood (verb)5 not getting enough sleep(verb)61 understaffed2 overused3 overspend4 underdeveloped5 overcrowded6 overestimated7 underrated8 overpriced

1.4 Keep it to the bareminimum2Decide to bring: twocanoes, tents, sleepingbag, one phone, a jumper,three pairs of socks, sparepair of shoes, a fewtorches and sparebatteries, a stove, foodDecide not to bring: morethan one phone,electronics such as tabletsand MP3 players, not toomuch warm clothing31D 2P 3P 4P 5D6 D 7 P 8 D 9 P 10 D42 I’m guessing weprobably won’t have ahuge amount of extraspace.3 It might not be a badidea to have a couple ofphones with us.4 Maybe we should justbring one phone, in caseof emergency?7 I think it’s reasonable toassume that we’re notgoing to need a lot ofwarm clothing.9 It seems to me that weshould probably takealong a few torches andsome spare batteries.51 no expert 2 Personally3 don’t know 4 justsuggest 5 know 6 wonder7 might possibly want8 might not be3 Students’ opinions onthis question will vary,even within a group ofstudents from the samecountry, region or city.26a1f 2b 3c 4e 5a 6dThey end with a vowelsound.3a9a1 Arguably, potentially2 almost certainly3 In all likelihood, It’s notunreasonable to imagine4 This suggests9bWhile may seemIt could be saidit’s worth consideringwould be very likelyIt’s widely acceptedWe can probablyconcludeUNIT 21 Possible answers1 The TED Talk is askingpeople to Think againabout a person when theysee them withoutknowing them.2 Students can commenton how accents vary intheir own country; oftenthe difference in accenttells people where you arefrom originally and insome cases people willmake judgements aboutyour class or background.1 Hi, I’m Hetain. I’m anartist. And this is Yuyu,who is a dancer I havebeen working with. I haveasked her to translate forme.2 If I may, I would like totell you a little bit aboutmyself and my artwork.3 I’m not going to say itin English to you, becauseI’m trying to avoid anyassumptions that might bemade from my northernaccent.3b4 As a child, I would hatebeing made to wear theIndian kurta pajama,because I didn’t think itwas very cool.5 My dad never wore it,so I didn’t see why I hadto.2.1 Who am I? Thinkagain11 hear his accent 2 doesn’tspeak 3 doesn’t usuallywear 4 helps shape ouridentity 5 as an art project

6 a British 7 correct but a bitstrange 8 through imitation1051d 2c 3b 4a1 Nearly three quarters 2 A great deal of fraud 3 There were twice thenumber 4 This month’s crimefigures are similar to lastmonth’s.5 A handful of passportswas were stolen inFebruary.6 We had half as manycases of credit card fraud 22.2 Cyber crime1 Chinese Mandarin2 different tones 3 theIndian kurta pajama4 a dress 5 this baggytrouser part 6 theembarrassment 7 therobes31 identity and language2 where we come from,race, class3 English4 He started to getdiscounts in Indian shops.People yelled at him.5b41T2T3 F (He discovers who hehimself really is.)4T5 F (He learned it fromSpider-Man.)21 The most common typeis fraud with governmentdocuments and benefitsfraud. The least commonis loan fraud.2 Utilities fraud3 Employment fraud31 A little over, About2 a sizeable portion of,A small minority of3 about the same . . . as,similar4 plural verbsAnswers to Grammarsummary exercises11 is 2 comes 3 seems4 are 5 involves 6 isn’t7 are 8 attend261e 2c 3a 4f 5b 6d1c 2c 3a 4a 5b38Sentence 39Helena’s post bestsummarizes theconstruction of the talk.Malcolm’s post isn’tentirely accurate.1 many 2 The vastmajority 3 handful4 half as many 5 the same41 per cent 2 majority3 portion 4 none 5 similar6 quarter41 much (credit card fraud[U])2 as (last week’s figures[C])3 number (credit cards[C])4 handful (passports) [C])5 none (police officers[C])6 deal of (our work [U])51 70 and over2 20–293 40–49, 60–694 19 and under5 30–3961 The vast majority2 Nearly twice thenumber3 The number4 Nearly half5 About a quarter

8 Possible answers1 Answers and viewsmight vary. On the onehand, it could be because18–25 year olds are lesscareful with theirbelongings than peopleaged 65 or over. Ormaybe they are morelikely to be in situations(e.g. travelling) wheretheir phone could be lost.On the other hand, thedata might be affected if ahigher proportion of 18–25 year-olds own amobile phone incomparison to peopleover 65. Unfortunately,the figures in the graph donot provide us with anyinformation on this.2 Students’ own answers2.3 You are what youwear21c Reverse psychology2b Dangerous prejudices3a You are what you wear31 The first section(paragraph 3)2 In a way theexperiments contradicteach other because in thefirst experiment, lessformal clothing gets you amore positive response,whereas in the secondexperiment, it doesn’t.However, it’s importantto note that the twosituations were verydifferent so it’s hard tosay exactly.3 The business suit madethe man ‘safe’. Thescruffy clothes made himpossibly dangerous, orperhaps just not worth thetrouble.4 We view doctors asbeing more intelligentthan painters andourselves.4 Suggested answers(with extracts from thearticle)1 Yes. The first twoexperiments havepossibly oppositefindings.‘When her researchers,wearing sportswear,visited speciality shopsselling luxury brands inMilan, they found thatshop assistants usuallyassumed they werewealthier and moreimportant than ones whovisited the shops‘properly’ dressed in fursand designer clothes.’‘In a second video, theactor comes back to thesame crowded locationand repeats the actions inthe exact same way. Butthis time not one singleperson comes to help him,even when he repeatedlycalls out for help. Thedifference? In the secondversion of the experiment,he’s wearing scruffyclothes and old trainersand looks like a poor orhomeless person.’2 No. All threeexperiments show theopposite.‘According to theHarvard Business Schoolresearch, if the relativelystrange style of dresslooks as though it’sintentional, or trendy,many people will believeyou’re wealthy orimportant.’‘In a situation such asthis, the clothes you’rewearing could mean thedifference between lifeand death.’‘The researchers believethat the test subjects’‘basic abilities’ wereimproved as a directresult of the clothing theywore.’3 Yes. Experiments 1 and2 prove this.‘Facebook founder MarkZuckerberg was once ahoodie-jeans-and-trainerswearing universitystudent with a good ideafor a social network. Nowhe’s a billionairebusinessman – who wearsa hoodie, jeans andtrainers to work,including importantmeetings.’‘In a second video, theactor comes back to thesame crowded locationand repeats the actions in

the exact same way. Butthis time not one singleperson comes to help him,even when he repeatedlycalls out for help.’4 No. Experiment 2showed otherwise.‘But this time not onesingle person comes tohelp him, even when herepeatedly calls out forhelp.’5 No. It’s clearly hugelyimportant based on thestudies.‘According to theHarvard Business Schoolresearch, if the relativelystrange style of dresslooks as though it’sintentional, or trendy,many people will believeyou’re wealthy orimportant.’‘In a situation such asthis, the clothes you’rewearing could mean thedifference between lifeand death.’‘The researchers believethat the test subjects’‘basic abilities’ wereimproved as a directresult of the clothing theywore.’6 Yes. Experiment 3might support this idea.‘The researchers believethat the test subjects’‘basic abilities’ wereimproved as a directresult of the clothing theywore.’64c1 inappropriate 2 tasteful3 imaginative 4 well cut5 eccentric2.4 I need to work onmy image1 B (A is rising anduncertain. B is falling andencouraging.)2 A (A is falling andencouraging. B ismonotone and bored.)3 B (A is rising anduncertain. B is falling andencouraging.)4 B (A is rising anduncertain. B is falling andencouraging.)5 A (A is falling andencouraging. B ismonotone and bored.)28a1 on his CV2 inappropriate3 unspoken4 feedback5 get training and practice6 discouraged1 Thanks him and sayssomething positive abouthim.2 Lack of Spanish abilityand no real passion forsales.3 ‘However, we’relooking for a candidatewho has a somewhathigher level of Spanishability – CEF C1, at aminimum. Additionally,we’re looking forsomeone who exhibits areal passion for sales.’4 She says they’ll hold onto his application, sheinvites him to apply againand she wishes him luck.71 clashing, inappropriate,scruffy2 unconventional,eccentric3 tasteful, trendy,imaginative, well cut,glamorous31c 2a 3d 4b 5f 6e4a1 flat (no words arestressed)2 rising (You might wantto try doing some practiceinterviews.)3 falling (You might wantto try doing some practiceinterviews.)4b1b 2a 3c8b Possible answers1 We were hoping to finda slightly larger venue forour meeting.2 We like your hotel butwe’re looking for

something nearer to thetown centre.3 We expected the roomsto be a little lessexpensive.4 We’d wanted to find aplace with the latestsound system available.5 We were trying to find aplace with a widerselection of foods.9 Sample answerDear Sir/MadamThank you for showingme round your hotel lastweek. I appreciate thetime you spent and I wasimpressed with thelocation and customerservice.Unfortunately, I don’t feelthe hotel is suited to myfamily’s needs. We werehoping to offer a menuwith a wider selection ofinternational dishes.Additionally, we arelooking for a less urbanview with more of acountry feel. We’d alsoexpected a private areafor the indoor party whichwould accommodateguests only.Nevertheless, I will keepyour details on file as Ithink the hotel would beideal for businessmeetings and small oneday conferences.My very best wishesReview 1711 I think it’s reasonable toassume (that)2 It seems to me (that) wecan’t start3 Have you tried phoning4 You might want to ask5 It might not be a badidea to check6 Can I just suggest wereschedule the meeting1 food that would havebeen thrown away2 food waste and hunger3 The café was found tobe generally satisfactory.4 They’ve served 10,000people and no one hasbecome ill.5 We don’t waste orthrow out any chicken.UNIT 321 Possible answers1 has opened 2 has beenworking 3 lived 4 hadn’t5 became 6 will havebeen1 imaginative 2 eccentric3 scruffy 4 tasteful5 unconventional 6 trendy7 glamorous1 They might beinterested in a sportingevent because it focusseson activities which areabout bringing out thebest in people rather thanreminding them ofconflict.2 Skills and qualities for amarathon include physicaland mental fitness, hardwork and determination.3 Students may haveexamples from their owncountry, but probably themost famous example ishow Nelson Mandelahelped to transform SouthAfrica.62Students’ own answers,but answers to question 1could include plastic,glass, paper, computers,etc.1c 2f 3a 4e 5d 6b31 half 2 per cent 3 deal4 twice 5 much 6 majority41 over 2 under 3 under4 over 5 under 6 over53a1 You know, b2 Honestly, c3 However, a

3bSo, But3.1 Making peace is amarathon11b 2a 3d 4f 5c 6e2rail crash: accident whereshe was hit by a bus whileshe was runningsix surgical operations: 36doctors: communitycity: countrypoliticians: world31 20032 The prime minister wasassassinated.3 People started lookingat it as a platform forpeace and unity.4 It lost its parliament,president and primeminister.5 The Beirut Marathon6 8541 F (We includeeveryone: the young, theelderly, the disabled, etc.)2T3T4 F (These countries haveasked the organization tohelp them structure asimilar sporting event.)5 F (She says that peacemaking is not a sprint; itis more of a marathon.)61a 2c 3b 4a 5b71 Students answer forthemselves but, forexample, they must havestarted learning Englishfrom scratch at somestage.2 Stereotypes aboutgroups such as teenagersand mothers-in-lawdepend upon whichcountry your students arefrom. In the UK teenagersare often thought of surlyor difficult and mothersin-law as domineering.However, suchstereotypes, especiallyabout family members,are less commonly givenin some other countries.Stereotypes aboutpoliticians on the otherhand are often quiteuniversal; for example,they are often accused ofnever telling the wholetruth.3 Events such as theOlympic Games withtheir opening ceremoniesare often used as anopportunity for a countryto ‘show its true colours’to the rest of the world.81 F (The event organizedby her is clearlysuccessful.)2 F (History tells us this.)3 O (There may be otherways; it’s almostimpossible tomeasure/prove this.)4 O (There is no evidencefor this.)5 F (People from 49nations joined in therace.)6 O (There is no evidencefor this.)9Opinion: Ismail and YukaFact: Joey and Liz11 Possible answers1 Students might thinkthat the personal storiesmake you empathizemore with the speaker andbelieve in her.2 Using personalreferences makes it easierfor the audience to relateto the history andbenefits. Otherwise, a dryexplanation can be dulland not engage anaudience.3 By ‘walking the talk’she means that she hasexperienced the thingsshe is asking others to do.In other words, she hasrun marathons so she canconvince others to, andshe has experiencedsuffering and has

recovered from it in thesame way Beirut needs to.Answers to Grammarsummary exercises3.2 What’s the magicnumber?11 Possible answers1 Working alone?Advantages:- quick decisions- you take all the profitsand benefitsDisadvantages:- no one to question youand prevent potentialerrors- loneliness and lack ofdialogue2 Working with others?Advantages:- share the risks- opportunity to discussideas and predict anyproblems early onDisadvantages:- having to share profits- long meetings withdiscussions anddisagreement1 What 2 Where 3 It’s4 The thing 5 reason6 The way21d 2c 3e 4a 5b31 The way 2 Where3 It’s 4 The thing5 The reason 6 The place41 two people2 four and six people3 31 per cent1 The person (who) youneed to talk to is Ella.2 One good

Advanced – Student’s Book Answer key UNIT 1 1 Possible answers 1 Perhaps he recommends using environmentally-friendly means of transport or recycling more. Perhaps he discourages using plastics or fossil fuels. 2 & 3 Students’ own answers 2 1 d 2 b 3 e 4 c 5 a 6 f 3a 1 So I’m going to suggest that less stuff and less

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