MINISTRY OF EDUCATION REPUBLIC OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

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MINISTRY OF EDUCATIONREPUBLIC OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGOPRIMARY SCHOOL SYLLABUSAGRICULTURAL SCIENCE CURRICULUM[*October 2001]

TABLE OF CONTENTSIntroductionGoals of The Agricultural Science Curriculum for Primary SchoolsSummary of The CurriculumInfant Year One Profile Term II .Infant Year One Infant Year Two Standard One Profile Term II Standard One Standard Two Profile Term II .Standard Two .Standard Three Profile Term II .Standard Three .Standard Four Profile Term II Standard Four Standard Five Profile Term II Standard Five .Assessment Appendices Acknowledgements .125891516212230313637414245i

INTRODUCTION“Every man, woman and child has the inalienable right to be fee from hunger and malnutrition in order to develop their physical and mental faculties.”FAO 1974 World Food Conference.The original Agricultural Science Curriculum subscribes to the above believe and was used in our schools effectively , so much so that to this day , the garden and quizcompetitions are dynamic aspects of the curriculum in the primary schools of the republic of Trinidad and Tobago.Revision of this curriculum started in 1998 and is now completed, having been piloted successfully in over two hundred [200] schools in the eight EducationalDistricts.This Draft {2001} has been modified using feedback from Primary Schools Principals, teachers as well as pupils, parents, Schools Supervisors and CurriculumFacilitators.This Curriculum introduces the integrated approach to teaching Agricultural Science at the primary level. Its main premise is to guide teachers in the creation ofeffective learning experience leading to the development of skills and basic concepts in Agricultural Science.The Curriculum is also intended to focus the pupils’ minds on the importance of the preservations of the environment as well as on developing technologies in modernday agriculture.The content of this curriculum exposes the pupil to agriculture as a career and attempts to clear misconceptions about agricultural pursuits.ii

GOALSCertain goals were identified in formulating this curriculum in Agricultural science. They are as follows:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.The practice and principles of healthy living including mental, physical and emotional well- being.The demonstration of basic understanding of elementary concepts in Science and Technology.Development of an understanding of the environment and problems caused by its degradation.The practice of habits which demonstrate care of the environment.Appreciation of the value of entrepreneurship, self- reliance and a positive work ethic.Demonstration of the skills in crop and animal husbandry and soil conservation.Development of knowledge and appreciation of career pathways in agriculture.iii

Summary of the Agricultural Science CurriculumThis curriculum consists of eleven main topics. These topics are as follows:1. ENVIRONMENT.2. ROOT MEDIA /SOIL3. CROPS4. LIVESTOCK.5. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT6. FERTILIZERS, MANURES AND ARGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS7. WEATHER8. AGRO-PROCESSING9. CROPPINGS METHODS10.NURSERY11.FARMSS, AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS IN ARICULTUREEach topic was constructed with relevant sub-components that are critical to facilitate the pupils’ appreciation and understanding of this curriculum.Each content, skills and practical activities that are outline within this curriculum are inter- related and together promote integration amongst the other curriculaof the primary school.The following three pages summarize some of the sub-components of the eleven main topics.iv

TOPICSENVIRONMENTROOT MEDIA/SOILCROPSLivestockInfant Yr 1Infant Yr 2IdentifyComponents ofthe EnvironmentRecognize thatmost plants growin soil.Standard 1Standard 2Standard 3ComponentsLandforms living/non living thingsSafety withagriculturalchemicalsRecycle/reuse items in ConservationagriculturepracticesSoil conditionsfor plantgrowthParts of a plantIndentify plants in SimpleParts used asthe environmentrecodingfood.Plants around us. of plant growth Uses of plantsParts of the plantTypes of cropsOrnamentals/Food cropsAnimals aroundus . Farm animalsand their young.AnimalsLivestock farmsTypes/ pet/care Aquacultureof small/large.Animalenemies of thefarmerSoil fertilityPotting soilNursery soilPotting mediaSeedbedsPrimary tillageSecondary TillageDrainageSelecting seedsGerminatingseedlings.Conditions ofgrowthRearing RabbitsClassificationof livestockhelpful andharmful.Standard 4Standard 5Problems in theenvironmentConservationTypes of soilPhysical/chemicalproperties ofsoil.ExperimentsHarvestingcrops. PostWoody and soft stemharvestplants.practicesEconomic cropsIntegratedExport and localPestmarkets *.ManagementAn illegal cropDesign a small garden plan.[IPM]Importance offlowersagriculture.Produce plants bylayering.Budding/Grafting.Improvingvarieties of crops.Poultry farmingImproving breedsof LivestockGeneticEngineeringCloning.v

TopicsLivestockInfant yr 1Animals aroundusFarm animalsInfant yr 2Types ofanimalsStd 1Types oflivestock/farmsAquacultureStd 2Rearing rabbitsClassification oflivestockStd 3Std 4Std5Poultry farmingBeneficial insectsImproving breeds oflivestockGenetic engineeringCloningLand preparation tools andequipmentNursery toolsPlant propagation ToolsHelpful andharmful animalsDiseases andpestsDifferencesbetween pestand diseasesHelpful andharmfulanimalsPest anddiseasesWeatherinstrumentsTools andEquipmentIdentifyingtools ingerminationSafety withAgriculturalChemicals *Fertilizers,Manures andAgriculturalChemicalsSimple and complete fertilizersThe nutrients for a plantApplication methodsTypes of organic manuresCompose makingSee appendix Dvi

TopicsWeatherInfant yr 1Infant yr 2Agro processing offood materialsdrying, saltingbottling labelingCroppingMethodsUse of nurseryGermination ofseedlings.PerformgerminationFarms.Types of AnimalAgencies and farmsOrganizationsVetsGarden shopsStd 2Dry/ Wet seasonactivitiesWind; rain; sunlight; TemperatureAgroProcessingNurseryStd 1Effects ofweather on theenvironmentCuring [drying]Animal peltsPot and troughGrow-box[See appendix B]Std 3Poultry processingDirecting seedingIndirect seedingMaintenance ofgerminationplants.Std 5Wind And PollutionAgro-processorsAgro-processing of nonfood materialsImportance of agro- processingOrganic farmingCultural practicesCrop rotation:intercropping etc.Tissue cultureHydroponicsThe nursery[see appendix A]Nursery SoilFarm animalsand importanceof them.Std 4Drainage and wetseason activitiesSeed- box technologyThinning outHardening offTransplanting seedlingsAsexual reproduction[cutting the buds]Plant propagatorTypes of farmsFarm products andactivitiesJobs.The farm and thecommunityPlant propagator[ see appendix c ]Training agencies. Financialorganizations research agenciesTechnology in agriculture.Markets*vii

Infant Topics1st Year TopicsComponents of the environment.Sample profile of pupilsPlants in the environment.AttainmentParts of the plant.Germination of the seeds.Animals around usFarm animals.Uses of animals e.g. clothingNeeds of animals.Infant term II Year OneUnderstandthat there are plants in theenvironment2nd Year Topics.Types of animalsPets.Importance of farm animals.Care of animals.Record of plant growthTools used in germinationMaintenance of germination plants.Name main parts of a plantRecord seed germination1. Collect and name seeds.2. Identify edible and inedible seeds.3. Say what is germination.1

ARICUTURAL SCIENCE CURRICULUM GUIDEFIRST YEAR TERM 1: ENVIRONMENTTOPICS SKILLS(a) Indentifycomponents of theenvironmentOBJECTIVES1.Observe plants in the environment2.Observe animals in the environment3. Identify agriculture buildings in theenvironment/on the farm.4.Identify simple landforms5. Discuss the effects of whether on theenvironment.6. Identify plants use as ornamentals.(b) Identify plants inthe environment7. Name common plants used as foods.a. Above the soilb. In the soil. (underground)8.Name common plants used formedicinal purposes9.Identify plants that provide us withshadeCONTENTPlants –plants in their environment{school and at home}Short and tall plantsAnimals –Animals and common insects in theirenvironment.{a} home {b} school {c} village {2 lessons}Compose ,nursery shed ,animals pens –poultry, rabbitsFish ponds/aquarium{2 lessons}Pet housingMountains, hills valleys, rivers {2lessons}Dry – bush fire-Draught/ lack of water-wet season-rain fall-weather in terms of seasonsOrnamentals {common} hibiscus, croton ,rose, ,ixoras,bignonias, bougainvillea, periwinkle ,jump-up and kissme ,palms and indoor plants {2} lessonsPlants used as food- cabbage ,lettuce, tomato, eddoes,peppers, dasheen,,cassava, bodi ,corn fruits {2 lessons}Plants used for medical purposes –aloe vera , wonder ofthe world, wild senna ,and fever grass, carailleTrees with dense foliage e.g. mango, almond, chennette,and banyan.TEACHING/ LEARNING ACTIVITIESCollect specimens, nature walks, and chatsCharts ,pictures, charts, nature corner, nature walksShow and tellNature walkMaking modelsPlaster seedDrawingsCollect picturesPicturesChartsListening to weather forecast/role playWind pickingWeedsMaking weather mapsNature walksChartsProjects-propagate one varietyIncidental teachingNature gardenFruit dayCollect specimensChartsNature walks /gardenNature walks, drawingsCollecting pictures2

FIRST YEAR TERN 2- PLANT STUDYTOPICS /LESSONSOBJECTIVESCONTENTTEACHING/ LEARNING ACTIVITIES[1] plants around usUnderstand that there are plants in ablesOrnamental etc.Home/below grownWalk around the school to see plants in theirenvironment[2] parts of a plantName the main parts of a plantRootStemLeaveFlowerFruitParts of the plant –Above /below groundStudentsDraws parts and plants{3} seedsA . edibleB. non edible1 collect and name seeds2. identify edible and non edible seedsSeeds from plants edible-peasNon edible pommeracCollecting and classifyUnderstanding of germinationconditions necessary for water andair germination, warmth, moisturetime factor.Sowing a variety of seeds.(4) Germination of seeds {2 lessons}Say what is germinationPerform germination skills record seed asa sourceof the new plant3

FIRST YEAR-TERM III ANIMAL STUDY AND THE ENVIRONMENTTOPIC/LESSONS[1] Animals around us [ 2 lessons ]OBJECTIVES1] Name common animals inthe environment2]Farm animals and their young3]farm animals and their young4] Animals supply us with clothing.1]identify farm animals andassociate them with the foodwe obtain from them1]Name the young of farmanimals2] Indentify the differentphysical characteristicsbetween the young and theadult1] Name animals and state theclothing material we obtainfrom them.CONTENTAnimals of various classifications e. g. birdsinsects, reptiles ,fishes etc,{immediate/extendedenvironment]Farm animals –fish, goats.Meat –turkey ,ducksMilk- goats and cowsEggs- chicken1)Recognise that animals havevarious needsVisit to nearby farmSinging- old mc DonaldSetting up an animal farmDifferences –sizes etcCow- calfDuck – ducklingsObservation of pictures.Rabbits –skinAlligator- skins –shoesCows- leather-shoesGoats-skinObservation of pictures and samplesNeeds of animals’ food (grass, corn), water ,air,shelter (pens)5] Animals and their needs.TEACHING/LEARNING ACTIVITIESCollection of pictures drawings coloring modelingCharts based on pictures making models.Medium of plant growthNature walks6] Soil1) Recognise that most plantsgrow in soil.1) Water-e.g. lilies2) Other trees- e.g. vines3) Generally- soil4

SECOND YEAR TERM I: ANIMAL STUDYTopic/ LessonANIMAL STUDYObjectivesContent1. Name common animals in the 1.Farm animals –cow, pig, etc.1.Types of Animals2.Pets3.Importance of Petsenvironment.a)Farm b)Zoo c)Neighborhood1. Understand what a pet is.2. Name some common pets.2.Other animals- snakes, birdsCommon pets-on the farm and homeExamples and characteristics1. Appreciate that pets are kept for Pets as companions, protection, forleisure time activities at home and on recreation (sports) e.g. Tobago Goat Race.the farm.Donkey Derby.4.Care of Pets1. Understanding the importance ofcaring for pets/animals.5.Types of Farm Animals1.Name common farm animals in theenvironment2. State the uses of these animalsWays of caring for pets/animals e.g.shelter, food, health care, love,communicating.Categories-food, clothing, work.Teaching Learning/ActivitiesField tripsSugar Cane Seed Centre Industry Farms.Semantic map1.Show and tell pets2.Collection of leisure petsShow and tell petsTerrariumAquarium1.Collect pictures2.semantic mapping3.Field Trips1.Collect pictures2.Semantic mapping3.Field TripsCow, sheep, goat, fish, rabbit6.Importance of Farm Animals7.Care of Animals1.Appreciate that animals can bring inincomeFunctions-income (manure, transport,meat)1.Visit by farmers to talk to pupils1.Visit by farmer, vet.1.Know how to care for farm . Tools food vets.5

SECOND YEAR TERM II: GERMINATIONTOPIC/ LESSONOBJECTIVESCONTENTTEACHING LEARNING/ACTIVITIES1. Germinate seeds in the garden.1. Learn about conditions forgermination.1. Nursery.2. Simple grow box.1. Sowing of seeds.2. Observing germination process.2.Record of plant growth1. Simple recording of plant growth.1.Growth of plant innursery/grow box2. Tall plants/vine plants.1. Measurement of plant growth. (Average using stick.)1. Identifying tools used.3.Tools used in germination4. Maintenance of germinated plants.a)Waterb)Aerationc)Weed control1.Use of tools1.Tools use in nursery/growbox1. Plant need for water.2.Plant need for air3. Weed removal and benefits toplants.1. Times and ways of wateringplants.2. Spacing of plants/openspaces.3. Manual and mechanicalmethods1. Use of water cans/containers/a.m. and p.m.2. Use of nursery/direct air and light.3. Displays visit a garden shop.6

SECOND YEAR TERM III: FRIENDS AND ENEMIES OF THE FARMERLESSONOBJECTIVECONTENTACTIVITIES1) Plant friends of the farmer. (3 lessons)1) List some plant friends of thefarmer2) State how they are useful.1) Food for animals and people.2)Shade –Pink Poui3)Housing-Teak4)Medicine-ginger5) Beauty-ornamentals.Nature walksCollecting specimensDisplaysCollect pictures1)Name plant enemies of thefarmer2) Describe how they are harmful.Weeds-nut grassParasites-wild pines ,vinesToxic plants-alamanda, cow itch, nettles, razor grass.Display of specimens.1) Name some animal friend ofthe farmer.2) State how they are harmful tothe farmer.Food- chickens, cow, goat, rabbitClothing- sheep, cowFormation of fruits-butterflies etc.Controlling pests- birds, lizards etc.Labour- donkeys, buffalypsoProtection-dogs1)Name some enemies of thefarmer2) State how they are harmful tothe farmer.1) Bats- spread diseases.2)Mongoose-eats chickens3)Birds- destroys crops e.g. corn4)Squirrel-destroy cocoa pods5)Snakes, Scorpions, Centipede- stings animals andpeople1)Name some animal enemies ofthe farmer.2)State how they are harmful tothe farmer,1)Caterpillars, batchacs, mole crickets-destroys crops2)Weevils-destroys seeds e.g. corn3)Ticks-suck blood in animals4)Froghoppers-spread disease.2) Plant enemies of the farmer.3)Animal friends of the farmer.(2 Lessons)Drawing ,coloring animalsClassifying4) Large animals –enemies of the farmer.5)Small animals –enemies of the farmer.Classification exercises, drawingcolouring animals.Collecting pictures picture albumRole playing.Collection of specimensNature walksMaking observation in school garden.6)Control of enemies1)State ways of collecting plantsand animal enemies of the farmer.Plants –weeding ,cuttingAnimals- spraying ,traps, baitsCollect pictures.7

STARNDARD ONE TOPICSComponents of the environmentCrop growth and Land forms on the environmentParts of the Plant.Sample Profile ofPupils’ Attainment STD 1. Term 11Types of farms e.g. Vegetable/ornamental/ Poultry/Aqua CultureJobs on the farm.Understand importanceFarms and the communityof Farm and community LinkUses of plants (food, flowers, medicine.)activities between farmer andAgro –Processingpeople in the communityUnderstand thatdifferent people dodifferent jobs onthe farm.Describe activities and products on the different types of farm.Identify types of farm.Name the crops that grow on different farms8

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE CURRICULUM GUIDESTANDARD 1TERM 1THE ENVIRONMENTTOPICSPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTTEACHING/LEARNING/ ACTIVITIESComponents of theenvironment.1.Identify aspects of the environment2. Recognise landforms in theenvironment.3.distinguishing between living andnon-living things in the environmentLiving things in the environment.Animals and plants.Make models (clay;plasticene)Nature WalksField TripsCollect pictures and make a picture album.Crops grow on thelandforms in theenvironment1.Landforms in the environment.1.Mountains, hills and Valleys.2. Plains and Swamps.Trace the map of Trinidad Field Trips in the community/countryside.Simple map skillsMake a crop distribution map.2.Name landforms found in Trinidadand Tobago.List some crops that can be grownon the landforms.Landforms e.g. Northern Range, NarivaSwamp, Caroni Plains, San FernandoHill.Mountain and Hills-cocoa ,coffeeValleys- vegetablesPlains-sugar-caneSwamps-rice/root crops9

TOPICSPECIFIC OBJECTIVESParts of the plant.1. Draw and label the external parts ofthe plant.2. List some of the functions of theseparts of the plant.3.Recognise that part of some plantsare useful to people.Types of farms1.List the different types of farms2. Describe the activities on thesefarms.3 List some of the products from thesefarms.Different crops onfarmsClassify crops according to:A) The part of the plant used.B) The type of cropCONTENTDrawing of a simple tomatoplant.Label: Roots Stems Leaves Fruits FlowersTEACHING/LEARNING/ACTIVITIESLabel drawings of the parts of the plants.Identify these parts on specimen plants.Match the parts of the plant and crops that people use as food.Observe the different structure (architecture) of crops (plants) in theenvironment.Plantation farmsVegetables farmsMeat farmsDairy farmsAquaculture farms1.Fruit crops e.g. tomato,sweet pepper, paw-paw2.Leave Crops- cabbage,lettuce, spinach, aloe vera3.Root Crops-carrot,cassava, yam4.Cereals –rice[wetland/dryland]Corn [field ,sweet]5.Legumes –peas, bodipeanuts6.Stems –sugarcane ,gingerDisplay the various crops in a market corner in the classroom.Visit to school gardenVisit to the neighbourhood marketMake charts and labels.10

STANDARD I TERM IIAGRICULTURAL FARMS AND JOBSTOPICSPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTTEACHING LEARNING ACTIVITIESJobs on the farmUnderstand that different people dodifferent jobs on a farmName crops grown on plantation farmsDescribe some activities on thesefarms.Describe the vegetables that areproduced on the vegetable farms.Group vegetables.Demonstrate some activities on thevegetable farm.Grow vegetablesDescribe the activities and products onthe ornamental flower farmJobs –farmer, driver,labourerSome long term crops arecocoa, sugarcane, coffee,paw-paw and coconutsExamples of groups ofvegetables on the farm:Leafy cropsRoot cropsFruit cropsFlower and Stem cropsName the ornamental plants:1.Flowering e.g. Anthurium,Heliconias ,Ginger Lilies,Ixoras2.Foilage:e.g.crotons,JosephsCoat, Silver Mangrove,LantanasCollect pictures, role playingResource personsVisits to the plantation farmDisplays of samples of plantation crops.Plantation farmsVegetable farmsFlower andornamental plantfarmsCollect and display pictures and samples.Identify the groups of vegetablesName the vegetables in the displaysAn ongoing activity for the term ;grow and care for vegetables crops e.g.leafy, fruit an

ARICUTURAL SCIENCE CURRICULUM GUIDE FIRST YEAR TERM 1: ENVIRONMENT 2 TOPICS SKILLS OBJECTIVES CONTENT TEACHING/ LEARNING ACTIVITIES (a) Indentify components of the environment (b) Identify plants in the environment 1.Observe plants in the environment 2.Observe animals in the environment 3. Identify agriculture buildings in the

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