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CORPORATE TRAVELINNOVATION MANIFESTOBy Microsoft Travel &Corporate Travel Innovation ParticipantsCorporate travel is a 1.3 trillion global industryleveraged by every major company on the planet tobuild success. The industry relies heavily ontechnology and processes that have not changedsignificantly in one, two or even three decades. Thisdocument is meant to stimulate conversation andaction to push the industry forward.conichiLegacy technology systems, entrenched intermediaries and lack of transparency incommercial relationships have hampered innovation in the corporate travel spacefor more than 15 years. The consumer travel experience—in terms of the process tobook and execute and pay for a trip—has outpaced the corporate experience, witheasy access to rich content, streamlined tools and content tailored to the individualtraveler. The inertia in the corporate space undermines the relevance of managingtravel for today's business travelers. It not only prevents corporates from providingenhanced traveler services, but also holds them back from optimizing fundamentalobjectives: duty of care, data security, employee productivity and savings.Microsoft Travel hosted its first Corporate Travel Innovation Summit in Lisbon lastfall, joined by forward thinking companies—both corporates and suppliers, to pushinnovation through the corporate travel industry as an outcome of that summit, thisdocument is submitted by the participants as an industry call to action.It is aimed specifically at corporate travel programs whose billions of travel dollarspower the corporate travel machine. We acknowledge that all travel buyers bringvalue to the industry and no one should be locked out of the innovation arc. Fromthat perspective, this document aims to demonstrate to all buyers what should bepossible in managed travel and to inspire them to push their suppliers—and theindustry—for better solutions for travelers and increased transparency forcorporate programs.The purpose of this document is to drive industry dialogue, but it should also putsuppliers, intermediaries and industry technology providers on notice thatcorporate travel demands are changing. Platforms, data models and commercialmodels must change to meet those demands.The companies listed above are a sampling of those that attended the inaugural Business Travel Innovation Summit hosted by MicrosoftTravel

THE TRAVELER EXPERIENCE IS EVERYTHINGMature companies no longer view travel as a cost center where the main programobjective is year-over-year cost avoidance. These programs have achieved nearoptimal value with suppliers and have shifted their focus to driving top line revenueand achieving more holistic value. This value ultimately boils down to the travelerexperience and productivity to support the business. Attracting and retaining thebest employees and keeping them productive, happy and healthy has a legitimatereturn on investment.When it comes to traveler experience, two major dynamics are at play. First,traveler expectations: Corporate travelers have grown accustomed to sophisticatedleisure travel tools. Not only are they exposed to rich travel content and mobileaccess, but suppliers have forged close relationships with travelers via loyaltyprogram profiles and can personalize content accordingly. Business travelers knowwhat is possible and they know they are not getting it from their corporate tools.Second, the function of the travel program to serve as an employee recruitment andretention tool: Fast-growing companies in technology, consulting, financial servicesand other verticals have recognized the travel program's power as an employeebenefit. However, they cannot realize the full value of that benefit without owningthe traveler as a customer and truly partnering with suppliers to define and deliverthe optimal experience.That experience isn't just enhanced traveler services. It incorporates the operationalexcellence that leads to productivity and savings, traveler duty of care and datasecurity. Corporates acknowledge that multiple providers are critical to provisioningservices, but the structure and delivery of the program must be defined by thecorporate. It cannot be predicated on the limitations of legacy systemdependencies, opaque commercial relationships, backdoor financial incentives andlocked up data.YESTERDAY'S MODELS UNDERMINE TODAY'S TRAVEL REQUIREMENTSUnfortunately, these are precisely the issues today. Global distribution systems havea stronghold on travel content through travel management company channels.While GDSs have opened application programming interfaces and are workingtoward achieving the International Air Transport Association's New DistributionCapability certification, they largely remain closed systems with limited contentthanks to high distribution costs that fewer suppliers are willing to bear.

Even so, GDSs keep their grip on TMCs as the primary managed travel contentchannel despite client demand for aggregated one-source content. They do it viabackdoor incentives funded by these distribution costs, particularly airlinedistribution charges. financial dependencies on GDS incentives leave TMCs eitherincapable or unwilling to explore newcontent and service models with clients.In Conversation: Corporate Travel Innovation ParticipantsGDS incentives are a longstanding issue.Hotel commissions have emerged as amore recent conflict of interest at theTMC, with reports of mega TMCsleveraging their buying power torenegotiate commission rates with hotelchains after corporates finalize theiragreements, thus allowing agencies torebalance financial benefits and biasingagents towards suppliers that will maximize TMC revenue streams. They've alsoused third-party re-shopping tools like Tripbam to re-shop only the hotel cohortsthat are commissionable to them rather than all comparable hotels in a market.“We have a really large corporate in [Europe] that wants to[initiate a new content model] to improve content deliveryto the booking agent. They went to the TMC and said theywould pay [for the agents to service the bookings] becausethey would have to move to a different flow to touch thebooking. But the TMC said no; they don't even want to bepaid for it.”These types of conflicts leave corporates wondering exactly who is the primaryclient in the buyer-supplier relationship—is it the corporate or is it the TMC? Plus,they boil down to financial inefficiencies for the travel program, with the lack oftransparency sowing seeds of mistrust in the corporate toward the intermediary. Inreality, mature corporates acknowledge the TMC is providing real value for theprogram, but they demand transparency into revenue streams to understand whatthey are paying for; they also acknowledge need for financially stable partners andwant to pay for the services and support that will drive towards corporateobjectives.From the TMC, in particular, the mostimportant services will be enhancedIn Conversation: Corporate Travel Innovation Participantstraveler services and duty of careduring irregular operations or“I think you can allow legacy to hold you back or you canemergency situations, but they arefind solutions out there that challenge the legacy. I don't letunlikely to be achieved in traditionalany of it hold us back because we'll try and find a solutionways. Corporates want artificialsomewhere now. There's a reason why we've got 70intelligence-supported solutions fromdifferent companies on a list, and 35 that we're activelythe agencies as well as from the onlineengaging with, because we don't want to be inhibited.”booking tools they offer, eitherproprietary or from third parties. Thesesolutions promise the democratizationof personalized recommendations and services that has thrived outside managedtravel in both consumer travel and other retail markets.

The requirements for these solutions will overlap with changes in contentdistribution models and a move toward open booking workflows. Corporates will belooking to TMCs to figure out how to touch reservations not made in the channel.GDSs and TMCs will need to work with clients on alternative models or they canexpect large corporates, in particular, to establish direct relationships with moreinnovative suppliers and new entrant companies that are capable of answeringthese demands.TMCs aren't the only intermediariesin question. Payment platforms, too,with merchant fees, crossborder“Hotel commissions would go away if corporates start tofees and transaction fees on thebook direct. We want to solve the guest experience andnetwork, parse out percentagesprovide them with better tools to enjoy their travel.across multiple stakeholders in theWhatever we can do on the back end—if that means givingpayment chain. New technologies[select corporates] unfettered access to data—not alike blockchain demonstrate howproblem. We have platform services available that facilitatesmature companies may movethat now, we didn't before, and we want to be on theforward to eliminate these baked-inforefront of blockchain and other payment and contractpayment costs, opting instead toinnovation.”forge direct payment relationshipswith trusted suppliers. Driving feesout of the payment process would potentially put millions up for grabs in largeprograms, opening space for buyers to negotiate lower rates predicated on directpayment agreements and suppliers still to realize increased revenue.In Conversation: Corporate Travel Innovation ParticipantsThe foundation for the future begins with data the industry already has, and withbasic capabilities already in play. We've seen companies create programmaticautomation on "if, then" capabilities to tackle issues like hotel attachments andadvanced air bookings. EY recently launched a "bot" programmed to chaseincomplete travel bookings across its 200,000-person traveler base. It pipes into itssystem both the TMC, booking tool and meeting registration data to determinewhich travelers require follow up messaging. Smaller programs than EY haveautomated data feeds to identify and chase both hotel attachment issues and noncompliant bookings and send emails to offending travelers. These are the right firststeps, corporations must take their data initiatives way beyond savings andcompliance to digitize the traveler. In a traveler-centric universe where managedtravel objectives role up into the traveler experience, the data has to reveal travelermotivations and needs.Microsoft Travel has begun this process by creating the role of global employeeexperience lead to understand the traveler as a customer. Because the experiencelead cannot get personal with tens of thousands of travelers, the role is largelydata driven, turning every traveler into his or her collective data and then clusteringtravelers with similar behaviors and preferences.

Microsoft uses feeds from 11 data sources that include traditional travel data likebooking and expense, but also unstructured data via internal social networks andtravel surveys to create this view of the traveler. The company has applied machinelearning and artificial intelligence techniques to create four traveler types—whatthe company calls "personas"—to begin to tailor the travel program to the needs ofthese traveler clusters. What policies should apply to each group? What suppliers dothey frequent, and can the company source particular benefits or solve protractedsupplier issues for any of these groups? Are there bleisure travel behaviors that thecompany needs to acknowledge and support? These are just a few of the questionsMicrosoft's experience manager has answered through data modeling and workingwith personas.But digitizing the traveler has to go deeper, and it likely ends with the concept of a"super" profile or a "smart" profile for every business traveler. This profile not onlyholds traditional travel data like corporate card information, meal preferences,loyalty status with suppliers, cell phone number and emergency contacts, but alsomerges with human resources data and encompasses personal data like hobbiesand recreational preferences. Plus, the traveler profile should get smarter via amachine learning layer that consumes booking data, changes, cancellations as wellas expense data that would show restaurant preferences and other spend patternsthat over time reveal deeper insights about the traveler and, perhaps in the case ofMicrosoft, automatically assign them to a persona.Whereas current traveler profiles sit with both the TMC and with individualsuppliers for loyalty programs, the innovation participants predict the super profilewill sit with the corporation or even a third party that would make this profiletransferable when the employee moves, with data flowing in from multiple sources.Control of the profile, however, would largely fall to the individual traveler. Thetraveler would decide how much information they allow the corporation toconsume; they would need to approve how that information is used and sharedwith suppliers with the understanding that the less they share, the less personalizedtheir business travel experiences will be.Corporations will need to ensure education around the power of the profile, butalso the potential risks of sharing their data. Ultimately, decisions on how fullytravelers complete the profile must be left to the traveler. Companies that can movetoward creating a "smart" profile for each traveler will empower travel programmanagers to "own" their customers and build loyalty and trust by delivering anintuitive, predictive and personalized program.In this scenario, rich traveler data becomes valuable new currency corporate travelmanagers and travelers themselves can share and/or leverage across the supplierecosystem. Corporates will prioritize partners that not only deliver quality data toinform the traveler profile but also those that can consume the data to deliverrelevant products and services. That means content distributors, online bookingtools, TMC partners, travel suppliers and new entrants must offer open systems

with application programming interfaces that facilitate data transfer both into andout of their solutions.That capability will drive the traveler centricity at the heart of future travelprograms, and the demand for it may drive corporates to new platforms.CONTENT DISTRIBUTIONThe International Air Transport Association's New Distribution Capability has had toclaw its way to acceptance over the last six years, but the standard built a lot ofmomentum in 2017 and now offers the industry hope that distribution change is onthe horizon, even in familiar channels. Travelport was the first GDS provider tobecome NCD Level 3 certified in 2017; Amadeus and Sabre won't be far behind.NDC offers a data standard that distribution stakeholders—airlines, GDS systems,agencies and other content aggregators and outlets—can use to communicateamong one another. The lack of flexibility in the current GDS data structure inhibitsairlines from merchandising their product because the GDS system actuallyconstructs the offer: The GDS goes to the Airline Tariff Publishing Co., to OAG, thenfinally to the airlines for availability. Then, the GDS builds the offer. Currentcommunication standards cannot accommodate variations and are limited to thebasic fare schedules filed with ATPCO, without the ability to add ancillary productslike checked-bag, lounge access or upgrades.In NDC, airline-to-GDS communication would eliminate the stops at ATPCO and OAGfor fares. Instead, airlines themselves expose an API where the offer is alreadyconstructed. The GDS consumes that offer and displays it back to the agency or theonline booking tool. As a result, airlines using the NDC model will be able to craftfare bundles for different companies or even for different groups of travelers in thesame company.That's a big opportunity for a large corporate travel program like Microsoft, wherecorporate travel administrators have done the work to understand what differenttravelers need. Sourcing managers at Microsoft, and other companies, are eager tonegotiate on ancillary products, which drive value to the bottom line as well as totravelers.Not Always WelcomeAcceptance of NDC has developed only as it has become clear to GDS and TMCstakeholders that the new standard will not disintermediate established financialmodels—i.e. TMC backend incentives for meeting GDS thresholds seem to be safefor the moment. In that environment, if GDSs move quickly enough to establishthemselves as the de facto content source for NDC, then the new capabilities neednot threaten the financial balance of power in the industry. At least for the shortterm.

Mature corporates, however, may not be so quick to accept the de facto solution.With negotiated rates optimized in the current structures, the way to drive downcosts and deepen supplier relationships is to disrupt the structure. NDC still has thepotential to make this happen, andIn Conversation: Corporate Travel Innovation Participantssuppliers are motivated to reducetheir distribution liabilities at least“Economic incentives are the biggest. It's saving money. Ifas much as corporates want toyou're paying large fees to TMCs which then go to GDSs ascapitalize on potential pass-throughwell, you have double marginalization. That's a big problem.”savings and new benefits.We've now seen Europe's three major airlines impose penalty surcharges on GDSbookings to force the issue of TMCs direct connecting through NDC standard APIs.Either TMCs will pass the charge to corporates or they'll have to absorb the hitthemselves. In the United States, American Airlines took the carrot approach, asopposed to the stick, offering TMCs a 2 incentive for all fare segments bookedthrough a full, end-to-end Level 3 NDC connection with the carrier, not through theGDS.Changes to distribution models may not be limited to NDC facilitating merchandisingthrough the GDS and TMC direct connects. Concur has worked for years to create adirect connecting marketplace for open booking through TripLink. NDC standards,which Concur adopted last year,could speed that process.In Conversation: Corporate Travel Innovation ParticipantsInnovation Summit participantspushed the limits ofdisintermediation, in theory,considering distribution models thatmight dispense with both the GDSand the TMC. New entrants likeWinding Tree are looking atdistribution models built on theblockchain, where the databaseserves as a repository for all travelcontent written to a set standard andanyone—corporates, TMCs, airlines, hotels, online travel agencies, tour operators—can plug into the system.“We want single content, which is all suppliers and allinventory levels, to make it easy to book across our bookingchannels. We want rich content [with insight] into the branddifferences, hotel ratings, on-time performance. And wewant it customized for my company with dynamic offers thatgo in and out of the program to delight our travelers. Maybeit's lounge access or upgrades, whatever those might be.That's the kind of program we want to be able to negotiateand deliver.”With the decentralized, open source model Winding Tree espouses, anyone canbuild an operating system on top of the database, but all the data structures goingthrough the platform are the same. The innovation competition falls to developerson how to build upon the database. A future in which customized, single-sourcecorporate travel marketplaces tailored to the needs of individual companies andmultilevel policy allowances per type of traveler was on the innovation slate. Theblockchain approach, at least theoretically, fit the bill. Plus, blockchain could alsoautomate smart contracts, payments and refunds (including details like taxes or

regulated compensation for flight delays and cancellations in Europe) because allthe relevant data, terms and contract triggers can live in the decentralized reservoir.AGENCY & ONLINE BOOKING TOOL: THE AI FUTUREEven with financia

By Microsoft Travel & Corporate Travel Innovation Participants Corporate travel is a 1.3 trillion global industry leveraged by every major company on the planet to build success. The industry relies heavily on technology and processes that have not changed significantly in one, two or even three decades. This

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