Week 1: Introduction, Overview, And Business User Unit 1 .

Follow all of SAPwww.sap.com/contactsap 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission ofSAP SE or an SAP affiliate company.The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP SE and itsdistributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. National product specifications may vary.These materials are provided by SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company for informational purposes only, without representation orwarranty of any kind, and SAP or its affiliated companies shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials.The only warranties for SAP or SAP affiliate company products and services are those that are set forth in the express warrantystatements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additionalwarranty.In particular, SAP SE or its affiliated companies have no obligation to pursue any course of business outlined in this document orany related presentation, or to develop or release any functionality mentioned therein. This document, or any related presentation,and SAP SE’s or its affiliated companies’ strategy and possible future developments, products, and/or platforms, directions, andfunctionality are all subject to change and may be changed by SAP SE or its affiliated companies at any time for any reasonwithout notice. The information in this document is not a commitment, promise, or legal obligation to deliver any material, code, orfunctionality. All forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differmaterially from expectations. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, and theyshould not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions.SAP and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registeredtrademarks of SAP SE (or an SAP affiliate company) in Germany and other countries. All other product and service namesmentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies.See www.sap.com/trademark for additional trademark information and notices.

Week 1: Introduction, Overview, and Business UserUnit 2: Architecture Overview of EmbeddedAnalytics

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsAgenda1. What is analytics from an architecture point ofview2. Introduction to the virtual data model as thebasis for analytical modeling in SAP S/4HANA3. Analytical technology stacks in SAP S/4HANA4. Analytical design patterns in SAP S/4HANA 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC2

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsComponents of analytical applicationsAnalytical queries The core asset of the analytics domain Describe the relevant relations in the data model, specificcalculations, authorizations, and configuration possibilitiesAuthoring tools and repository Provide the means for creating, testing, and managingqueriesQuery execution engine Execution engine optimized for analytical queries in termsof data model, performance, and semanticsAnalytical UIs Enable dynamic configuration of the queries andpresentation of the results of execution Support analytical consumption patterns 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC3

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsEmbedded vs enterprise (cross) analyticsEmbedded Analytics All components on the previous slide share the same lifecycle of SAP S/4HANA Often, data, queries, and UIs are tightly coupled in one SAP S/4HANA application Often, queries are executed on the live data of the application optimized for transactionalprocessing– Committed transactions are instantly visible for analytics– Additional runtime resources for optimization of the queriesEnterprise Analytics Data has a different lifecycle to other analytical components:– Data follows the lifecycle of SAP S/4HANA– Other components have another lifecycle like in a separate data warehouse product Often, data is replicated and optimized for analytical processing– Latency between data changes in the source system and replication (eventual consistency)– Better possibilities for performance optimizations Enterprise analytics is not a part of this architecture overview 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC4

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsVirtual data model – PrinciplesThe notion of virtual data model (VDM) applies to two related concepts in SAP S/4HANA: A collection of design principles for ABAP CDS views (or models) aimed to standardize theimplementation of common modeling patterns in SAP S/4HANA The set of CDS views in SAP S/4HANA following these design principlesVDM design principles1. Naming rules for CDS models and element names. For instance, the VDM view I CostCenterrepresents the cost center entity in all SAP S/4HANA applications.2. Enforcement of unambiguous element names through global technical names catalog (GFN). Thus,the element CostCenter represents the cost center identifier in each and every model it is used in.3. Specification of purpose of CDS views: analytical dimension, cube, search model, text, value helpetc.4. Strict specification of the model lifecycle– Stability contracts: if a view is safe to use in customer development– Deprecation workflow: if a view or an element of a view should no longer be used and what to useinstead 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC5

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsVirtual data model – Technical componentsBasic interface views Represent the core business entities of the SAP S/4HANA system Designed very close to the database tables – can be used instead of the table withoutperformance penalties Add semantics to the raw table data through aligned names and annotations Often designed for re-use and are subject to stability contractsComposition interface views Combine together multiple basic interface views into a business component Implement business logic on SQL level Subject to stability contractsConsumption views Implement the context-specific business logic Normally are not reusable outside of this specific contextExtension views Allow to add custom fields to the SAP models Normally are defined on the basic interface views and propagated up the stackMetadata extensions Special CDS constructs for custom extensions on the metadata level (i.e. annotations)Private views Implement the application-specific logic which is subject to frequent changes Should never be used explicitly outside of application development 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLICMetadata ExtensionConsumptionViewExtensionViewPrivate ViewMetadata ExtensionCompositionInterface ViewExtensionViewPrivate ViewMetadata ExtensionBasic InterfaceViewExtensionView6

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsAnalytical models in VDMCube A cube is normally a VDM composite interface view It joins together the facts and corresponding dimensions that are relatedto a specific business domain– It can use dedicated fact views to access the fact data on thedatabase– It has a significant amount of associations pointing to the viewscontaining additional attributes for dimensionsQueryCubeFactDimension A dimension is normally a basic interface view Contains additional attributes of a dimension and special metadatadescribing it, including multilanguage texts, hierarchy definitions, andvalue helpsQueryHierarchyDimensionTextValue Help Queries are implemented as consumption views A special metadata container for usage in OLAP scenarios:– Selects a subset of dimensions and measures available in a cube– Adds additional restricted and calculated measures 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC7

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsAuthoring tools for analytical modelsView Browser List, search, and examine all CDS views available inan SAP S/4HANA systemCustom View Builder Build different kinds of custom views on top of releasedSAP models, including cubes and dimensionsCustom Analytical Query Build custom analytical queries on top of cubes and,occasionally, dimensionsManage KPIs and Reports Create different kinds of analytical SAP Fioriapplications (KPIs, reports, and SAC stories)SAC Story Designer Design the content of an embedded story 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC8

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsExecution enginesSADL (Service Adaptation Definition Language) Main SAP S/4HANA engine for processing OData requests Supports analytical OData V2 and V4 functionality Can generally execute analytical OData requests on anyCDS view except analytical queriesABAP Analytical Engine Special engine designed for OLAP processing in ABAP stack Implements the SAP proprietary INA protocol optimized foranalytical processing Uses special VDM artifacts called “analytical queries” forsupport of advanced OLAP features like exceptionaggregation and calculationsINA Stack Tools and models around the INA protocolOData Stack Tools and models around the OData protocol 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC9

Architecture overview of embedded analyticsAnalytical UIsKPI Represents a specific key performance indicator based on a highly aggregated query Often with a possibility of drill-down into detailed analysis of the KPI Implemented on the OData stack using both AE and SADL as execution engineDashboard Provides an overview of a number of related KPIs, charts etc. Supports linked analysis based on shared filters and drill-downs Implemented using INA stack using embedded SAP Analytics CloudMulti-Dimensional Analysis Offers slice and dice functionality on a set of data represented as a cube Implemented using INA stack using Web-Dynpro GridAnalytical List Page and free-hand applications Offers specific patterns and controls for integration of analytical UIs and queries into arbitrarySAP Fiori applications Implemented using OData stack using both AE and SADL as execution engine 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC10

Thank you.Contact information:open@sap.com

Follow all of SAPwww.sap.com/contactsap 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission ofSAP SE or an SAP affiliate company.The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP SE and itsdistributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. National product specifications may vary.These materials are provided by SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company for informational purposes only, without representation orwarranty of any kind, and SAP or its affiliated companies shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials.The only warranties for SAP or SAP affiliate company products and services are those that are set forth in the express warrantystatements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additionalwarranty.In particular, SAP SE or its affiliated companies have no obligation to pursue any course of business outlined in this document orany related presentation, or to develop or release any functionality mentioned therein. This document, or any related presentation,and SAP SE’s or its affiliated companies’ strategy and possible future developments, products, and/or platforms, directions, andfunctionality are all subject to change and may be changed by SAP SE or its affiliated companies at any time for any reasonwithout notice. The information in this document is not a commitment, promise, or legal obligation to deliver any material, code, orfunctionality. All forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differmaterially from expectations. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, and theyshould not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions.SAP and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registeredtrademarks of SAP SE (or an SAP affiliate company) in Germany and other countries. All other product and service namesmentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies.See www.sap.com/trademark for additional trademark information and notices.

Week 1: Introduction, Overview, and Business UserUnit 3: Predefined Analytical Content – Overview

Predefined analytical content – OverviewSAP Fiori Apps Reference LibrarySAP Fiori Apps Reference Library(ondemand.com) 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC2

Predefined analytical content – OverviewCurrent status of applications m/sap/fix/externalViewer/AreaSAP S/4HANA SAP S/4HANA SAP S/4HANA SAP S/4HANA SAP S/4HANA SAP S/4HANAOn PremiseCloud Edition Cloud Edition Cloud Edition Cloud EditionOn ProcurePublic ServicesProduceMDMSustainabilityRetail & MultichannelSDT&L – Transportation & LogisticsSAP S/4HANA Foundation and CrossOil & GasIDEAUtilitiesHPA – High Performance AppGSService IndustriesDiscrete IndustriesDSC – Digital Supply ChainS4CRMHCMFinancial ServicesCD – Customer AP Analytics Cloud Content 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLICSAP S/4HANAOn Premise(1809)3

Predefined analytical content – OverviewBest practices contentSAP Best Practices Explorer 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC4

Predefined analytical content – OverviewScope options for SAP Best Practices for analytics with SAP S/4HANA CloudScope OptionSource System(s)Embedded Analytics for SAP S/4HANA Cloud*SAP S/4HANA On PremiseEnablement workshop demonstrating Analytics capabilities with SAP S/4HANA CloudSAP S/4HANA Cloud and S/4 On PremiseIntegration between SAP S/4HANA and SAP BWSAP S/4HANA On PremiseSAP BWPredictive Analytics in SAP Analytics Cloud with SAP S/4HANA CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SACSAP S/4HANA Professional Services Cloud content w SAP Analytics CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SAC, DiboSAP S/4HANA Cloud Procurement content with SAP Analytics CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SAC, DiboSAP Financial Planning and Analytics for SAP S/4HANA CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SAC, DiboSAP Liquidity Planning for SAP S/4HANA CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SACSAP Project Budgeting & Planning for SAP S/4HANA CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SAC, DiboEmbedded Machine Learning in SAP S/4HANASAP S/4HANA On PremiseSAP S/4HANA Cloud Financial Consolidation content with SAP Analytics CloudNew in 2102Front-End ToolSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SACSAP Workforce Planning for SAP S/4HANA CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SAC, DiboSAP S/4HANA Cloud Sales content with SAP Analytics CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SACSAP Sales Planning for SAP S/4HANA CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SACSAP S/4HANA Cloud Treasury Management Content with SAP Analytics CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SACSAP S/4HANA Cloud Receivable management content with SAP Analytics CloudSAP S/4HANA CloudSAP SAC* Selection of 1 of these scope options is mandatory, the others are optional 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLICLegendSAP SAC SAP Analytics CloudSAP Dibo SAP Digital BoardroomSAP BW SAP Business Warehouse5

Predefined analytical content – OverviewBusiness contentBusiness Content –SAP Analytics Cloud SAP HANA Journey 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC6

Predefined analytical content – OverviewBusiness Content Benefits 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC7

Predefined analytical content – OverviewReady to use, pre-delivered standard dashboards with Embedded SAP Analytics CloudPre-delivered Dashboards Aging Report for Accounts Payable Treasury Executive Dashboard Group Financial Statement Disputes Purchasing Spend Dashboard Contract and Lease ManagementDashboard Credit Management Reporting Collections Management Reporting Order-to-Cash Manager Dashboard Customer Returns Overview 2021 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC8

Predefined analytical content – OverviewSAP Analytics value-based solution capabilitiesValue DriversFinanceProcureProduceSales Accurate financial statements enable agility Accurate financial goals & business plans tofacilitate efficient and effective execution Monitor DSO to determine customer credibility Use margin analysis to gain valuable insightsas to the drivers of profitability Identify process improvements to increaseefficiency and manage risk True spend visibility for effective costmanagement Manage supplier risks to ensure prompt deliveriesand improvement in customer satisfaction Management of purchase orders and vendorspend to help reduce cost and improveprofitability Manage inventory effectively for accurateproduction Manage stock in transit for improvedcost control and customer satisfaction(more on-time deliveries) Utilize accurate production costs inprofitability analysis Set targets and forecast future salesperformance using insights from salesdata, trends, and metrics Accurately forecast sales & profits basedon observed results Manage delivery schedules by monitoringdelivery performance to improve customersatisfaction.Analytics Optimize invoice payment process (AP) Financial status, foreign exchange ratesG/L (TRM) G/L Accounting Transactional Analysis Asset Accounting Analysis Profitability Margin Analysis Year-Over-Year Growth Analysis Actual v Plan Variance Analysis Balance Sheet Analysis Cash Flow Analysis Financial KPI Analysis (Dynamic) Days Payable Outstanding Analysis Day Sales Outstanding AnalysisAnalytics Purchase Requisition Item Analysis Supplier Performance Analysis Purchasing Spend Analysis Non-managed Spend Analysis Off-Contract Spend Analysis Monitor Scheduling Agreements Analysis Central Contract Analysis Purchase Order Value Analysis Contract Consumption Prediction Supplier Delivery Prediction Cash Discount at Risk Prediction Supplier Evaluation Trend Analysis Off-Contract and Spend Visibility Service Spend AnalysisAnalytics Stock Champion Analysis Overdue Material Delivery Analysis Blocked Invoice Payment Analysis Actual vs Plan Variance Analysis Work Center Cost Variance Analysis Inventory Stock Analysis Outbound Delivery Performance Analysis Scrap Amount Variance Analysis Stock-in-Transit Analysis Defective Materials Analysis Demand Driven Replenishment Prediction Production Cost AnalysisAnalytics Central Stock with Returns Analysis Trend Cost Analysis Profit & Loss Analysis Financial Consolidation for Group ReportingGuided Analytics / Templates1 Finance Contract Accounts Analysis Sales Volume, Profit Margin, Ne

SAP S/4HANA embedded analytics, powered by SAP Fiori and SAP Analytics SAP Fiori analytical apps for the business user SAP Fiori extensibility apps for the analytics specialist SAP HANA DB SAP HANA DB See also: Units on predefined analytics content in weeks 1 and 3 SAP S/4HANA –Virtual Data Model Spend off-contract Incoming sales order PO avg