Guide To The Cambodian Labour Law For The Garment Industry

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Guide to the CambodianLabour Law for theGarment Industry(Revised 2020)

CONTENTSPart 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.1About This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2 Collective Bargaining Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.3 Abbreviations & Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Part 2.2.1Regulating Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.3 Collective Bargaining Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 Internal Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.5 The Labour Law As Public Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Part 3. Hiring Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.1Preference For Cambodian Citizens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.2 Hiring Foreigners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.3 Payment By Applicants Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.4 Forced Labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.5 Young Employees And Child Labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.6 Medical Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Part 4. Categories of Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.1 Fixed Duration And Undetermined Duration Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.2 Casual Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.3 Part-Time Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.4 Probationary Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.5 Apprentices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Part 5. Wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165.1Minimum Wage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165.2 Minimum Wage For Piece-Rate Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.3 Seniority Bonus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.4 Attendance Bonus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.5. Housing/Transportation Allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.6 How Wages Are Paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.7 Deductions And Fines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.8 Informing Employees About Wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Part 6. Working Hours & Overtime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.1Normal Working Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.2 Weekly Day Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.3 Flexible Hours – Saturday Afternoon Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.4 Working Hours For Young Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.5 Night Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.6 Night Work For Young Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.7 Overtime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Part 7. Public Holidays, Leave & Other Benefits . . . . . . . . 247.1Paid Public Holidays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247.2 Paid Annual Leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247.3 Special Leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277.4 Sick Leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277.5 Maternity Leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.6 Breast-Feeding Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.7 Nursing Room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.8 Day Care Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2Part 8. Occupational Safety & Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308.1General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308.2 Infirmary And First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308.3 Toilets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328.4 Drinking Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338.5 Seating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338.6 Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338.7 Air, Heat And Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.8 Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.9 Using Physical Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.10 Examples Of Concrete Measures Regarding Safety & Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Part 9. Work-Related Accidents And Illnesses . . . . . . . . . 379.1What Is A Work-Related Accident? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379.2 Responsibility Of Employer To Prevent Work-Related Accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379.3 Employer’s Duties Following A Work-Related Accident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379.4 Notice Of Work-Related Accident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389.5 Compensation For Work-Related Accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Part 10. Disciplining & Dismissing Employees . . . . . . . . 3810.1 Disciplinary Measures & Misconduct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3810.2 Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3810.3 Termination Of Fixed Duration Contract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4010.4 Termination Of Undertermined Duration Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4310.5 Special Rules For Collective Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4710.6 Special Rules For Termination Of Union Activists & Shop Stewards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4810.7 Non-Discrimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

3Part 11. Dispute Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5111.1 Individual Disputes And Collective Disputes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5211.2 Grievance Procedures/Liaison Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5311.3 Conciliation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5311.4 Arbitration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5411.5 Strikes & Lockouts (Industrial Actions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Part 12. Union And Shop Stewards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5812.1 Freedom To Form Or Join A Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5812.2 Discrimination On The Basis Of Union Membership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5812.3 Combined Employer - Employee Unions Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5812.4 No Interference With Operation Of Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5812.5 Deduction Of Union Dues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5812.6 Protection Of Union Activists Against Dismissal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5912.7 Shop Stewards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5912.8 Collective Bargaining Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Part 13. Documentation, Record Keeping, Posting . . . . . 6413.1 Declaration Of Opening & Closing Of Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6413.2 Establishment Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6413.3 Payroll Ledger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6413.4 Declaration Of Movement Of Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6513.5 Employment Card And Employee Workbook For Cambodian And Foreign Employees . . 6513.6 Posting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

4GUIDE TO CAMBODIAN LABOUR LAWFOR THE GARMENT INDUSTRYCOPYRIGHT INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION 2020 (FIRST PUBLISHED 2005)Revised in 2020 to reflect amendments to Cambodian Labour Law and some new Notices and Prakasfrom the Ministry of Labour and Vocational Training.ILO CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION DATAGuide to the Cambodian Labour Law for the Garment Industry Phnom Penh, International LabourOffice, 2020The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice,and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on thepart of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or ofits authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers.The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solelywith their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International LabourOffice of the opinions expressed in them.Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply theirendorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm,commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval.ILO publications can be obtained through major booksellers or direct from ILO Publications,International Labour Office.CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland. Catalogues or lists of new publications are available free of chargefrom the above address, or by email: pubvente@ilo.org or visit our website: www.ilo.orgFor more information, please contact:INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATIONINTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICEBetter Factories CambodiaNo. 9, Street 322, Boeung Keng Kang I.Sub Regional Office for East AsiaPO Box 2642United Nations BuildingPhnom Penh, 12302RajdamnernNok AvenueKingdom of CambodiaPO Box 2-349Tel.: 855 23 212 847, 220 362 ext 106-9Bangkok 10200, ThailandEmail: betterfactories@ilo.orgTel : 662 288 1234Office: 10th Floor

5FUNDING AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (2005 VERSION)Better Factories Cambodia is supported by thefollowing development partners (in alphabetical order): Australia Department of Foreign Affairs and TradeThe International Labour Organization (ILO) and theInternational Finance Corporation (IFC) by thefollowing key development partners (in alphabetical order): Royal Government of Cambodia Australia Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Garment Manufacturers Association in Cambodia Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs Switzerland State Secretariat for Economic Affairs The United States US Department of LaborIn addition, the Better Work Programme is supported by corporate donors including The Walt DisneyCompany, Levi Strauss Foundation, Gap Inc. and FUNG (1937) Management Ltd.This publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the organizations or agencies listedabove, nor does mentioning of trade names, commercial products, or organizations implyendorsement by them.This text owes a great deal to previous publications by the Community Legal Education Center (CLEC).The editors would like to express their thanks to Mr Ken Loo (Garment Manufacturers Association ofCambodia), Mr Kong Phallack, Mr Men Nimmith and Mr Tuon Siphann (Arbitration Council), Mr CheaSophal and the ILO Better Factories Cambodia Assessment Team, Ms Anne Ziebarth (ILO BFCconsultant), Mr Michael Lerner (Project Coordinator, CLEC), and representatives of the unions and thegarment sector for their helpful comments on the Guide. The editors would particularly like to thankthe Ministry of Labour and Vocational Training for their co-operation in the publication of the Guideand in particular Mr Huot Chanthy for his detailed and helpful comments.Edited by:Translated into Khmer by:Daniel Adler, Legal Advisor, CLECSusie Brown, Legal Advisor, CLECRos Harvey, former Chief Technical Advisor, ILOBetter Factories CambodiaEduard (Kees) de BouterRevision of 2020 version:BFC Legal Team (Chea Sophal, Chov Sokha,Koy Visedh, Lay You Hong, Naim Sakona,Nou Pheary, Ork Sam Ol andTaing Leangchhoung)Sim Kim SeanY SamphyTranslated into Chinese by:Flying Tiger Express

6GUIDE TO CAMBODIAN LABOUR LAWFOR THE GARMENT INDUSTRYPart 1. Introduction1.1ABOUT THIS GUIDEThis Guide brings together all sources of Cambodianlabour law into a single, comprehensive guide for themanufacturing sector. The Guide covers all major areasof Cambodian labour law, derived from the LabourLaw itself, regulations of the Royal Government,international labour standards that have been ratifiedby Cambodia, and the Cambodian Constitution.A wide range of users will find this Guide helpful.Business owners, unions, managers, and humanresource personnel can use the Guide as a quickreference to identify their obligations underCambodian labour law.Employees will be able to gain a broad understandingof their rights and obligations under the law.Non-governmental organizations, community-basedorganizations, unions and employer associations alsowill find the Guide useful in their work.The Guide is organised into twelve major topic areas: Regulating Employment Categories of Employees Wages Working Hours and Overtime Public Holidays, Leave and Other Benefits Occupational Safety and Health Work-Related Accidents and Illnesses Disciplining and Dismissing Employees Dispute Resolution Unions and Shop Stewards Documentation, Record Keeping, PostingFor each issue covered under these subject areas,the Guide includes references to the sources of theinformation in Cambodian labour law, or ArbitrationCouncil (AC) decisions.Example on how to use the guideInformation on collective bargaining agreements isfound under the heading: Hiring Employees1.2COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENTUsers who require more detailed information than thatincluded in this section can look at the sections of theLabour Law and the Prakas or AC decisions that areindicated in the references.The Guide contains a detailed Table of Contents tomake it easy to locate topics of interest. In addition, alist of abbreviations used throughout the Guidefollows this Introduction.This book is intended to be a guide to Cambodianlabour law, and should not be construed as legaladvice. In particular this Guide has been written for thegarment industry. Although it is also applicable inLABOUR LAW ARTS 96-101PRAKAS 287/01, 305/01AC AWARD 148/12 (5)

7other industries, there may be industry-specific lawand regulations which also apply (e.g. in the agriculture,plantation and services industries).In addressing problems relating to working conditionsor workplace relations, it may be necessary to consultan expert such as a labour inspector, a lawyer or arepresentative of your employers’ association or unionfederation.1.3ABBREVIATIONS & TERMSACArbitration CouncilANUKRETSub-DecreeARTArticleCBACollective Bargaining AgreementFDCFixed Duration ContractILOInternational Labour OrganizationLLLabour Law 1997NOTNoticePRAKASMinisterial DeclarationUDCUndetermined Duration ContractThe term “regulation” as used in this publicationincludes all executive instruments including sub-decrees, prakas, circulars, instructions and notices.

8GUIDE TO CAMBODIAN LABOUR LAWFOR THE GARMENT INDUST

labour law into a single, comprehensive guide for the manufacturing sector. The Guide covers all major areas of Cambodian labour law, derived from the Labour Law itself, regulations of the Royal Government, international labour standards that have been ratified by Cambodia, and the Cambodian Constitution.

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