White Paper On Nuclear Astrophysics And Low-energy Nuclear .

BNL-113453-2017-JAWhite paper on nuclear astrophysics andlow-energy nuclear physics Part 2:Low-energy nuclear physicsMark A. Riley, Charlotte Elster, Joe Carlson, Michael P. Carpenter, Richard Casten,Paul Fallon, Alexandra Gade, Carl Gross, Gaute Hagen, Anna C. Hayes,Douglas W. Higinbotham, Calvin R. Howell, Charles J. Horowitz, Kate L. Jones,Filip G. Kondev, Suzanne Lapi, Augusto Macchiavelli, Elizabeth A. McCutchen,Joe Natowitz, Witold Nazarewicz, Thomas Papenbrock, Sanjay Reddy,Martin J. Savage, Guy Savard, Bradley M. Sherrill, Lee G. Sobotka, Mark A. Stoyer,M. Betty Tsang, Kai Vetter, Ingo Wiedenhoever, Alan H. Wuosmaa, Sherry YennelloSubmitted to Progress in Particle and Nuclear PhysicsJanuary 13, 2017National Nuclear Data CenterBrookhaven National LaboratoryU.S. Department of EnergyUSDOE Office of Science (SC),Nuclear Physics (NP) (SC-26)Notice: This manuscript has been authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC underContract No.DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The publisher by accepting the manuscriptfor publication acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up,irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow othersto do so, for United States Government purposes.

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Accepted ManuscriptWhite paper on nuclear astrophysics and low-energy nuclear physicsPart 2: Low-energy nuclear physicsMark A. Riley, Charlotte Elster, Joe Carlson, Michael P. Carpenter,Richard Casten, Paul Fallon, Alexandra Gade, Carl Gross, GauteHagen, Anna C. Hayes, Douglas W. Higinbotham, Calvin R. Howell,Charles J. Horowitz, Kate L. Jones, Filip G. Kondev, Suzanne Lapi,Augusto Macchiavelli, Elizabeth A. McCutchen, Joe Natowitz, WitoldNazarewicz, Thomas Papenbrock, Sanjay Reddy, Martin J. Savage,Guy Savard, Bradley M. Sherrill, Lee G. Sobotka, Mark A. Stoyer, M.Betty Tsang, Kai Vetter, Ingo Wiedenhoever, Alan H. Wuosmaa,Sherry p://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.11.002JPPNP 3625Please cite this article as: M.A. Riley, C. Elster, J. Carlson, M.P. Carpenter, R. Casten, P.Fallon, A. Gade, C. Gross, G. Hagen, A.C. Hayes, D.W. Higinbotham, C.R. Howell, C.J.Horowitz, K.L. Jones, F.G. Kondev, S. Lapi, A. Macchiavelli, E.A. McCutchen, J. Natowitz,W. Nazarewicz, T. Papenbrock, S. Reddy, M.J. Savage, G. Savard, B.M. Sherrill, L.G.Sobotka, M.A. Stoyer, M. Betty Tsang, K. Vetter, I. Wiedenhoever, A.H. Wuosmaa, S.Yennello, White paper on nuclear astrophysics and low-energy nuclear physics Part 2:Low-energy nuclear physics, Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 2This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As aservice to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscriptwill undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published inits final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered whichcould affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

White Paper on Nuclear Astrophysicsand Low-Energy Nuclear PhysicsPart 2: Low-Energy Nuclear PhysicsJanuary 31, 2015

Author Listing for LENP White Paper (submitted by WP Convener Mark. A. Riley) :Mark A. RileyDepartment of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USACharlotte ElsterInstitute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, OhioUniversity, Athens, Ohio 45701, USAAndJoe Carlson Los Alamos National LaboratoryTheoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USAMichael P. CarpenterPhysics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USARichard CastenWright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USAPaul FallonNuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720,USAAlexandra GadeNational Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing,Michigan 48824, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan48824, USACarl GrossPhysics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37931, USAGaute HagenPhysics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USAAnna C. HayesLos Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USADouglas W. HiginbothamJefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USACalvin R. HowellDepartment of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USATriangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USACharles J. HorowitzPhysics Department and Nuclear Theory Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana47405, USA

Kate L. JonesDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,USAFilip G. KondevNuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USASuzanne LapiDepartment of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis,Missouri 63139, USAAugusto MacchiavelliNuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720,USAElizabeth A. McCutchenBrookhaven National Laboratory P.O. Box 5000 Upton, NY 11973, USAJoe NatowitzCyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USAWitold NazarewiczDepartment of Physics and Astronomy and FRIB Laboratory, Michigan State University, EastLansing, Michigan 48824, USAInstitute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw,PolandThomas PapenbrockDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,USAPhysics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USASanjay ReddyInstitute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USADepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USAMartin J. SavageInstitute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1550, USAGuy SavardPhysics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USABradley M. SherrillNational Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing,Michigan 48824, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan48824, USALee G. SobotkaDepartments of Chemistry and Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA

Mark A. StoyerLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USAM. Betty TsangNational Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing,Michigan 48824Kai VetterApplied Physics Program, Nuclear Science Division, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720Ingo WiedenhoeverDepartment of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USAAlan H. WuosmaaDepartment of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268-3046, USASherry YennelloCyclotron Institute and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, USA

Table of ContentsLENP Town Meeting Organizing Committee and LENP White Paper Writing Group . 31. Joint Executive Summary from the Nuclear Astrophysics and Low-Energy NuclearPhysics Town Meetings. 52. Executive Summary of the Low-Energy Nuclear Physics Town Meeting . 93. White Paper: “Low-Energy Nuclear Physics Town Meeting”. 143.1 Introduction. 143.2 Nuclear Theory . 183.2.1 Introduction . 183.2.2 Ab-Initio Nuclear Theory . 183.2.3 Nuclear Reaction Theory . 203.2.4 Density Functional and Other Theories for Heavy Nuclei . 223.2.5 Nuclear Theory and Nuclear Astrophysics . 243.2.6 Connections to All of Nuclear Science and Beyond . 263.2.7 Resource Requirements. 283.3 Low-Energy Computational Nuclear Physics. 293.3.1 Overview. 293.3.2 Introduction . 303.3.3 Near-Term and Long-Term Scientific Opportunities . 303.3.4 A Selection of Focused Objectives . 313.3.5 Major Accomplishments Since the Last Long Range Plan . 333.3.6 Near-Term and Long-Term Resource Needs . 343.3.6.1 Workforce Needs . 343.3.6.1 Computational Resource Needs . 363.3.7 Scientific Impact on Other Fields and Interdisciplinary Connections . 383.3.8 Summary . 393.4 Nuclear Structure and Reactions. 413.4.1 Introduction . 413.4.2 Progress Since the Last Long Range Plan . 413.4.2.1 The Limits of Nuclear Existence . 413.4.2.2 Evolution of Shell Structure . 433.4.2.3 Benchmarking Developments in Nuclear Structure Theory . 443.4.2.4 Correlations in Nuclei . 453.4.2.5 Symmetries and Simplicities in Complex Systems .463.4.2.6 Spin-Isospin Structure of Nuclei. 463.4.2.7 Collectivity in Nuclei. 473.4.2.8 Precision Masses. 473.4.2.9 Neutron Skins . 473.4.2.10 Nuclear Reactions . 483.4.3 Opportunities for the Near Future . 493.4.3.1 At the Limits of Existence . 493.4.3.2 Evolution of Nuclear Structure . 503.4.3.3 Collective Nuclear Degrees of Freedom and Simple Patterns in Complex Nuclei . 503.4.3.4 Precision Measurements of Ground-State Properties. 513.4.3.5 Correlations in Nuclei . 513.4.3.6 Studies of Reaction Mechanisms . 513.4.4 Long-Term Opportunities . 521