Rectennas For Energy Harvesting Of RF For Feeding Low .

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Rectennas for energy harvesting ofRF for feeding low power devicesAlberto Reyna and Gerardo RomeroUniversidad Autónoma de TamaulipasReynosa México

The energy harvesting is theprocess in which the energy from externalsources is captured and storaged to feedlow power devices.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 20192

What is aRectenna?ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 20193

What are the designchallenges? Antennao Shapeo Sizeo Materialo Polarizationo Frequency Matching circuito Filtero Quarter wave transformer Rectifying circuito Type of diodeo Number of stagesENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 20194

AntennaAny antenna designer must model aparticular shape of the antenna and give theradiation parameters such as gain,impedance, VSWR, S-arameter, frequencyrange, polarization, so onENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 20195

Matching circuitHere, the design problem consists in find anstructure to match the antenna impedanceand the rectifier impedance.The coils and capacitors must be printed onboard circuits.We normally use filters to reject anyharmonic because of the diodes.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 20196

Rectifying circuitHere, it is important to design a circuit withsome stages to obtain more voltage,however, many of the capacitors or coilsmust be also printed on board.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 20197

Example 1A textile rectenna for 800 MHz band obtain 14uw/m2G. Monti, L. Corchia and L. Tarricone, "UHF Wearable Rectenna on Textile Materials," in IEEE Transactions on Antennas andPropagation, vol. 61, no. 7, pp. 3869-3873, July 2013.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 20198

Example 2Energy harvesting system at GSM-900 MHZ, this system can obtain 2.9 volts by means of a rectangularpatch antenna on a FR susbtrate and a 7-stage rectifier circuit.Md Din, N., Chakrabarty, C. K., Bin Ismail, A., Devi, K. K. A., & Chen, W. Y. (2012). Design of RF energy harvesting system for energizing low power devices. Progressin Electromagnetics Research, 132, 49-69.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 20199

Example 3This other system operates at 2.45 GHz. Its main novelty is a 40.1% of rectifying frequency.CHUC, Doan Huu; DUONG, Bach Gia. Design, Simulation and Fabrication of Rectenna Circuit at S-Band for Microwave Power Transmission. VNU Journal ofScience: Mathematics-Physics, 2014, vol. 30, no 3.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201910

Example 4A patch rectenna array of 4 rectangular elements at GSM-1800 MHz with a gain of 9.2dBi.Sharma, T., & Saini, G. Microstrip Antenna Array for RF Energy Harvesting System, Vol. 45, No. 45, 2016.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201911

Example 5This other research reported a circular rectenna array of 6 elements at 915MHz for energy harvesting.XIE, Fangyi; YANG, Guo-Min; GEYI, Wen. Optimal design of an antenna array for energy harvesting. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 2013, vol. 12, p. 155-158.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201912

Example 6This other research presented a rectenna array of 16 elements at 35.7GHz with a rectifyingefficiency of 67%.Mavaddat, A., Armaki, S. H. M., & Erfanian, A. R. (2015). Millimeter-Wave Energy Harvesting Using 4X4 Microstrip Patch Antenna Array. IEEE Antennasand wireless propagation letters, 14, 515-518.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201913

Example 7A microstrip patch rectenna arrays at 2.4 GHz with 100mV of DC output voltage:GUDAN, Kenneth, et al. Ultra-low power 2.4 GHz RF energy harvesting and storage system with 25dBm sensitivity. En RFID (RFID), 2015 IEEE InternationalConference on. IEEE, 2015. p. 40-46.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201914

rnRectangular textil patch876 MHz1.42 v139mmx240mmBuilt-in 1 stagedoublerLow gainRectangular patch900 MHz2.9 v85mm x 106mmBuilt-in 7 stagesdoublerLow gainRectangular patch2.45GHz9.7vNot providedNon integratedLow gainRectangular patch5.8 GHz9.8 vNot providedNon integratedLow gain4-element rectangular patch array1.78GHzNotprovided144 mm x 130mmNon integratedDirective /Moderate gain6-element rectangular patch antenna array915MHzNotprovided300 x 300 mmNon integratedDirective /Moderate gain16-element rectangular patch antenna array35.7GHz3v30mm x 30mmIntegratedDirective /Moderate gain4-element rectangular patch2.4 GHz100mV120mm x120mmNon integratedDirective /Moderate gainENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201915

Wideband exampleObjective:Design a rectenna array ofwideband elements from 1GHzto 3GHz with 360 degrees ofcoverage.Vivaldi elementsOne stage rectifiercircuitCircular arrayENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201916

Wideband exampleVivaldi elementFR4 Board with 1.27mm ofthickness and permittivity of4.3. The element impedanceis 100 ohmsENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201917

Wideband exampleRectifier circuit1 stage rectifier circuit with 4 Schottky diodesENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201918

Wideband exampleRectifier circuitRectenna ElementENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201919

Wideband exampleCircular Rectenna Array mounted in a 3D printed baseENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201920

Wideband exampleThe rectifying efficiency was 39%.1614Rectenna array illuminated in one sideSingle element12108642011.522.53x 109ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201921

Conclusions The energy harvesting by using rectennas is other alternative to feedlow power devices. Some important issues are in current designs, however, thistechnology is still emerging and has potential applications for nearfuture. Future works are mainly oriented to miniaturized the rectennas.ENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201922

THANK YOUENER 2019. Curicó Chile, May 10, 201923

Energy harvesting system at GSM-900 MHZ, this system can obtain 2.9 volts by means of a rectangular patch antenna on a FR susbtrate and a 7-stage rectifier circuit. Md Din, N., Chakrabarty, C. K., Bin Ismail, A., Devi, K. K. A., & Chen, W. Y. (2012). Design of RF energy harvesting system for energizing low power devices. Progress

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