Crypto 2020 Outlook - Bitcoin Suisse

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Crypto2020OutlookIn-Depth Industry Insights into Markets, Technology and Regulation

EDITORIALImpressumBitcoin Suisse AGGrafenauweg 126300 ZugSwitzerlandBitcoin Suisse (Liechtenstein) AGAeulestrasse 749490 VaduzLiechtensteinCalls from within Switzerland (toll-free):0800 800 008Calls from abroad: 41 41 660 00 00Contact us: info@bitcoinsuisse.comDiscover Our ServicesPrime Brokerage CustodyColletaralized Lending PaymentsStaking Tokenizationbitcoinsuisse.comAuthors:Raffael HuberJoseph LubinIan SimpsonDemelza HaysMarco SchurtenbergerStefano FrickMona El IsaThomas NägeleDavid RiegelnigDesign & ConceptLoris HallerPrinting:Printoset, ZürichPrinted in Switzerland1QuelleAbout theCryptoOutlook2020The cryptocurrency space isconstantly evolving and doesso at a breathtaking pace.With an exciting year ahead ofus, Bitcoin Suisse Researchhas compiled the Crypto Outlook 2020. The report focuseson a wide range of strategically important topics in thecrypto asset industry andprovides insights from keyindustry leaders. What are thetrends, challenges andchances to keep an eye onin 2020? The Bitcoin SuisseCrypto Outlook 2020 helpsanswer this question.3

Contents08INTERVIEW16Interview withArthur and NiklasARTICLEBitcoin in 2020 –Halving the BlockReward25ARTICLEEthereum and itsTransition toEthereum 235ARTICLEThe DecentralizedFinance Revolution on Ethereum

CONTENTS40ARTICLEHow Decentralized Finance isAutomating Central, Commercial,and InvestmentBanking46ARTICLEThe Regulatory Frameworkfor a TokenizedEconomy – TVTGLiechtensteinARTICLEThe Travel Rule– Crypto MeetsGlobal Regulation63ARTICLEA Day in the Life ofan Asset Manager. in the Summerof 2030ARTICLEPrivate vs PublicBlockchains: WhyPublic BlockchainsAre The Future545968ARTICLEOther Trends toWatch

ContributorsDr. Raffael HuberDavid RiegelnigIan SimpsonDr. Raffael Huber is leadingthe Bitcoin Suisse ResearchDepartment, which conductsresearch on a broad varietyof topics ranging from blockchain data analytics to marketopportunities. He is in chargeof Bitcoin Suisse Decrypt,which provides focusedinsights into selected subjects ranging from cryptocurrency fundamentals to marketanalyses. He holds a PhDfrom ETH Zürich.David Riegelnig held severalsenior management positions at Credit Suisse andwas Managing Partner of analgorithmic trading companybefore joining Bitcoin Suisse.During his 20-year career,David worked as an IT auditor,headed 1st and 2nd line riskcontrol functions and was anentrepreneur. David has beenan active investor in the fieldof blockchain and cryptocurrencies in recent years. Heearned a Master’s degree inBusiness Administration fromthe University of St.Gallen.A veteran of the Swiss CryptoValley ecosystem since early2017, Ian Simpson joinedBitcoin Suisse in August2019 after serving as Headof Communication at theCrypto Valley Association(CVA) where he supportedthe association’s growth toover 1400 members. Previously, he was Head of Communications at LakesidePartners (now CVVC). Whileworking with the CVA, Ian wasinvolved with a range of initiatives including the Worldsof Exchange conference inZurich, the Crypto Valley Conference on Blockchain Technology as well as the CVApresence on the internationalstage in New York and Singapore. Ian has been a contributing author to CoinDesk, theleader in blockchain news.Joseph LubinDemelza HaysJoseph Lubin is a co-founderof Ethereum and the founderof ConsenSys, a full-stack,global blockchain companyand the world’s leading Ethereum accelerator. Lubin hasestablished himself as a guiding force in the fast-growing blockchain industry and apowerful advocate of decentralized technology.Demelza Hays teachesfinance at the University ofLiechtenstein, and is theauthor and editor of theCrypto Research Report(CryptoResearch.report). Priorto joining the University ofLiechtenstein as a Ph.D. student in Business Economics,she completed her Master’sin Economics at the ToulouseSchool of Economics.Thomas NägeleThomas Nägele advisesinternational finance, technology and industrial enterprises, operating in the fieldsof blockchain/DLT, telecommunications and internet,as well as public institutions.As a Liechtenstein Attorneyand being a software developer, he focusses on Internet/IT law, as well as civil andcorporate law. Besides beingAttorney and legal Advisor,he teaches at the Universityof Liechtenstein and giveslectures and presentationson the newest legal developments. He co-drafted theLiechtenstein Blockchain Law(Trusted Technology Law).

CONTRIBUTORSStefano FrickMona El IsaMarco SchurtenbergerStefano Frick joined BitcoinSuisse in August 2019 asCOO Bitcoin Suisse (Liechtenstein) AG. Before joiningBitcoin Suisse AG, he wasworking for different financial intermediaries in Liechtenstein. In his most recentposition, he successfullyimplemented and headed theRisk Management department at Bank Frick in Liechtenstein. Stefano holds abachelor’s degree in business administration as well asa Master’s degree in accounting and finance from the University of St. Gallen. Currentlyhe is completing an executive Master of laws (LL.M.) inbanking and financial market law from the University ofLiechtenstein.Mona El Isa is the Co-founderand CEO of AvantgardeFinance Ltd. Mona was formerly the co-founder andCEO of Melonport AG, thecompany which developed Melon, the pioneeringon-chain asset management protocol, delivering itsuccessfully to main-net inMarch 2019. Before that shespent 5 years working in fundmanagement, first at JabreCapital and then launchingher own long-short equityfund, where she discoveredfirst-hand the major problemsfacing the fund industry today.Mona is also a former startrader at Goldman Sachs,promoted to Vice Presidentby the age of 26 and madethe “top 30 under 30” list inTrader Magazine in 2008 andForbes Magazine in 2011 afterprofitably trading the 2008and 2011 crashes. Mona isthe founder and President ofMAMA, an industry association working to bring about asuitable regulatory regime foron-chain asset management.Marco Schurtenberger is aseasoned professional ininformation & cyber security as well as data protection,and has a vast experience inIT compliance, IT risk management and regulatory andstatutory IT audits. Before hejoined the Tezos Foundationin November 2019 as a Technology Officer, he worked atPwC Switzerland in IT RiskAssurance FS Banking since2012 as a security consultant and auditor. Prior to PwC,Marco had roles in the fieldof Information Security atKPMG and Compass Security.He holds a Master of Sciencefrom ETH Zürich.

Interviewwith Niklas Nikolajsen& Dr. Arthur Vayloyan8

INTERVIEWARTICLE1Quelle02039

INTERVIEWDr. Arthur Vayloyan, CEO of Bitcoin Suisse

INTERVIEWInterviewed by Ian Simpson“Bitcoin is the archetype of an antifragile system, the epitome ofthe hyper-accelerating IT era weare living in.”— Dr. Arthur VayloyanWhy are Bitcoin and cryptohere to stay?Arthur: Bitcoin is the archetype ofan antifragile system, the epitome ofthe hyper-accelerating IT era we areliving in. Many blockbuster innovations started in the garage, as ideascreated by a handful of extremelygifted people. And here comes Bitcoin. A global currency designed inthe garage? Pretty impish. So, it’sno surprise it was first ignored andthen ridiculed by many of the veryimportant people of our current establishment.But not everyone joined the “Bitcoin is doomed to fail soon”-choir.And even before Bitcoin appeared,Milton Friedman, who was quite avisionary predicted: “The one thingthat’s missing, but that will soon bedeveloped, is a reliable e-cash, amethod whereby on the Internetyou can transfer funds from A to B,without A knowing B or B knowing A.” This sums it up pretty well– in the era of the internet, you needmoney that is native to the internet.It’s that simple.Niklas: Bitcoin, as an asset classas well as a settlement and paymentnetwork is, by now, more than 10years old. It offers a valuable alternative to the traditional fiat currencies, both as a means of payment/settlement as well as a storeof value. It is the world’s first trulydigital money, in the form of data– which provides great advantagesin terms of utility, transparency andautomation.Adoption of Bitcoin has neverbeen higher and continues to grow.Based on this, I see no reason whyBitcoin will not continue to grow inimportance, in adoption, as well asin value - and why it will not also bearound to celebrate its 20-year anniversary, 10 years from now.Before we look forward to2020 and beyond – canyou give us a short recap ofthe major ups and downsof the crypto market in 2019?Niklas: Throughout 2018 and 2019,the crypto markets have been undergoing a severe correction, after themarkets went well ahead of themselves in 2017, when Bitcoin rosefrom 1000 USD to 20’000 USD. Agreat number of new blockchainslaunched themselves into the market, raising very large amounts ofBitcoin and Ether in the so-calledICO boom, most of them with apromise to become the next Bitcoin or Ethereum – and few of themable to deliver on this promise. Thishas undermined the confidence incrypto assets in general and furthermore, the release and liquidation of the collected assets from theICO entities has been negatively impacting the markets.I believe, however, that withEthereum currently undergoing atransformation into ETH2 and withBitcoin approaching its reoccurringinflation halving, this will change in2020, where I predict around February, that a positive trend will oncemore take hold.What trends have youobserved over this time?Arthur: It appears that just abouteverything will be connected overthe Internet, which isn’t a totally11

INTERVIEWpleasant thought. As such, a myriad of new peer-to-peer marketswill emerge. And a peer can be justabout anything – a human, a machine, a building, anything. But inorder to function properly, thesemarkets need price-discovery mechanisms and an adequate means ofpayments. This is where Bitcoin,or some other technical variationthereof, comes into play.Niklas: Throughout 2019, we haveseen major crypto assets reel fromthe 2018 correction and try to findtheir true market value. Bitcoinstarted the year near 4’000 dollars,went as high as 13’000 dollars, andsettled end-of-year at around 8’000dollars. Ethereum has been underpressure all year, due to the uncertainties related to the launch ofETH2. The aftershock of the ICOboom and the 2018 correction have,in my view, been the major drivers of the market throughout 2019,much larger than the impacts provided from the regulatory- and industry side, and the trend has beentowards stabilization.It would appear that the largecorrection is over – and possiblywe’ll be seeing a ‘crypto spring’replace the crypto winter, as themonths of 2020 turn warm.There is a growing acceptance of cryptocurrencies asa new asset class. Is it enoughto treat them like any otherinvestable asset? Why orwhy not?Arthur: It will take a while untilcryptocurrencies, or more generally crypto assets, will be broadlyseen as an established, alternativeasset class. For this to happen, wemay have to wait a few years. Butlooking at our most recent partnerships with Amun, Emaar or World-12line, we can clearly see where thejourney is heading. And as such, Istrongly suggest to consider cryptoassets as a potential investable assetclass and to maybe even enrich yourtotal wealth with a suitable portionof crypto assets and hodl them. Justa thought, of course Quite honestly, crypto technology is constantly changingand evolving. What technicaldevelopments can we expectto have strong impact in2020?Niklas: Crypto technology – as wellas those of the surrounding ecosystem, are still very much in their infancy. However, development is ongoing, not just on the technologyside, but also in regards to the regulatory frameworks and the ecosystem in general.Amongst things to watch outfor in 2020 are, in no particular order: The launch of ETH2, the migration of the ETH-based ecosystem toETH2 as well as the developmentof Decentralized Financial Services(DeFi). The launch of the Telegram(TON) network as well as Libra, isalso something to watch out for.Then, of course, the elephant in theroom: The Bitcoin halving. Manythings will happen in 2020 and it isgoing to be a very exciting year.Bitcoin Suisse has applied tobe a licensed crypto bank andsecurities dealer. Everyonewants to know what this willchange for the company?What insights can you give us?Arthur: We have established ourselves over the past six years of operations as a trusted, safe and reliable partner for all our clients. Andwe will further develop our excellent service offering along the pathwe have chosen since 2013. We areconstantly improving and innovating to expand our offering and areregularly entering into strategicpartnerships with renowned globalbrands. But without a doubt, evenmore would be possible under theumbrella of a bank and securitiesdealer license.Niklas: Bitcoin Suisse is an evolving business and we always havebeen. In the summer of 2020, wewill celebrate our seven-year anniversary and you only get to becomethat old in the crypto markets if youcan continuously improve, innovateand re-invent yourself.With regards to the future licenses, less will change than mostwould imagine. We will, of course,offer cash accounts for our clients,in their own name. We will also beable to more cost effectively manage deposits, something which willmake our pricing much more competitive. We will start trading cryptosecurities, stablecoins – and synthetics, such as mini-futures andproducts to short the major cryptoassets. We will be expanding ourcredit/loan and liquidity business,and we will expand our staking offering.Last, but not least – we will belaunching an offering for the public, likely in the form of a SPV, thatthey may invest into Bitcoin Suisse,as to increase our company capital from the current approximately50M CHF, to around 100M CHF,providing for a much stronger balance sheet as we enter the world ofbanking.Over and over again, we haveheard the refrain “the institutionals are coming” – meaningthat larger financial institutions will dive into the cryptoasset market and have a

INTERVIEWNiklas Nikolajsen, Founder of Bitcoin Suisse

INTERVIEW ig nificant influence. Is this asfactor to watch out for in 2020– or should we even care?Arthur: Yes, we care – a lot. The various adjustments on the legal and regulatory side will be the main thingthat enable institutionals to embrace,first opportunistically and then latersystematically, the benefits of thecrypto asset market.And despite the prolonged cryptowinter, we see a crypto summer ofinnovations, be it on the technologyside (think Ethereum 2) or on theregulatory front (think FATF andTravel Rule). And I am proud tosay that we have been very timelyin developing a new service offering for ETH2 staking for all our clients and proposed a comprehensiveopen source solution regarding themissing “Crypto-SWIFT” via theOpenVasp.org initiative. So on several fronts, we see the advancementsthat will bring more and more interest from institutions.Two decades after the newmillennium, we have seenmany monumental changes insociety, business and beyond.What part will crypto play inthe next decade or two?Arthur: The price/performance improvement of technology will continue to accelerate. And the worldis moving towards the better, contrary to what media would have usbelieve. The rapidly growing abundance in major areas of our life (energy, water, food) will allow us tofundamentally re-write the socialcontract between humans and soon,between men and machine as well!But of course, this great journey towards the better will not be withoutsome turbulences in the interim.And as long as humans are cut outof the same mould, it will probablynever be different.14When I was born, three billionpeople lived on this planet. Twobillion were living in so-called extreme poverty. Today, we have overseven billion people and the number of people living in extreme poverty is well under one billion. Andthis trend will not stop. Assumingfurther progress, extreme povertycan soon be put in the museum, asProfessor Yunus (Noble Peace Prizewinner from Bangladesh) phrasedit. Now, couple that with the ever-increasing connectivity of people andyou cannot but assume massive innovation beyond imagination. Butto just wait for the better is not anoption. Because luck meets the prepared. A constant call to action is required. Our clients and partners cancount on us.Niklas: More than most peoplethink. After centuries of a financial and also societal system builton representatives, internal ledgersand central trusted parties – consensus systems, open ledgers and decentralized systems will have a hugeimpact on almost everything.There are many diverseschools of thought on cryptoassets – and a good manymyths. Are there some mainmyths that we should beaware of and which should be“debunked?”Niklas: Yes – crypto assets werenot invented, nor propagated forthe purpose of dark markets andshady business. Quite the opposite,they are here to replace and improveupon the essentially intransparent,inefficient and flawed system ofcentralized trust and centralized ordelegated control – which tends tobenefit the few and not the many.Arthur: A myth? “Bitcoin has no intrinsic value!” To still hear this fromreasonably well-educated peoplesurprises me quite a bit. Yet anothermyth? Satoshi Nakamoto.What has Switzerland doneright so far concerningcryptocurrencies and blockchain technology? Wheredo you feel there is room forimprovement?Arthur: Politics matter. And inSwitzerland we are privileged tohave a rather decentralized, bottom-up political system. And theicing on the cake: our top executivebody, the Federal Council, shineswith a very innovative attitude towards the many possibilities of thisnew technology. This is quite uniquein the world and one of the successfactors of this small country withsuch a global reach in many of themost innovative fields.Niklas: Yes. I have never seen anything, perhaps except the MonaLisa, which could not be improvedupon, and for that reason, I do notfeel that it would be appropriate touse this space to list criticism.When I reviewed various jurisdictions, trying to choose a place formy future Bitcoin company some 9years ago, Switzerland came out ontop. I feel to this day that this was theright decision and I can only praisethe Swiss jurisdiction as a place to dobusiness, in crypto or otherwise.

INTERVIEW“Crypto assets arehere to replace andimprove upon theessentially intrans parent, inefficientand flawed system ofcentralized trustand centralized ordelegated control- which tends tobenefit the few andnot the many.”— Niklas Nikolajsen15

ARTICLEBitcoin in2020Written by Dr. Raffael Huberkco161QuellelBivlaHgnehtdrawRe02

.ARTICLEIn May 2020, the blockreward paid to miners willbe halved from 12.5 BTC to6.25 BTC per block.The block reward reduction has previously led toprice rallies and stronglyimpacts the profitabilityof miners.Bitcoin’s role as a storeof value is becoming increas ingly important. It shows alow correlation to other assetclasses such as equitiesand gold.17

ARTICLELooking Back:Bitcoin in 2019What is Bitcoin?Last year, Bitcoin has made its recovery fromthe “crypto winter” in 2018. Starting the year at 3.7k, Bitcoin has rallied throughout the firsthalf of 2019 to reach almost 14k in late June, and thencorrected to the levels of around 7.6k at the time ofwriting. With a year-to-date return of 105 %, Bitcoin hasbeen the best-performing asset class of 2019. For comparison, the S&P 500 and the tech-focused Nasdaq 100posted returns of 25 % and 33 % year-to-date, respectively. Market accessibility has been further improved,with physical delivery Bitcoin futures launched in lateSeptember.On the technical side, Bitcoin Core developers havecontinued to update their node software, currently sitting at version 0.19.0. This brought about severalimprovements, such as native hardware wallet compatibil

Niklas: Bitcoin, as an asset class as well as a settlement and payment network is, by now, more than 10 years old. It offers a valuable al-ternative to the traditional fiat cur-rencies, both as a means of pay-ment/settlement as well as a store of value. It is the world’s first truly digital money, in the form of data

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