Integrated Science For CSEC Examinations 3rd Edition

3y ago
286 Views
42 Downloads
625.87 KB
8 Pages
Last View : 5d ago
Last Download : 18d ago
Upload by : Laura Ramon
Transcription

IntegratedSciencefor CSEC Examinations3rd editionTania ChungSeries Editor: Dr Mike TaylorCSEC Int Sci txt.indb 109/11/2016 13:04

Macmillan Education4 Crinan StreetLondon N1 9XWA division of Macmillan Publishers LimitedCompanies and representatives throughout the worldISBN 978-1-380-01170-1 AERText Tania Chung 2017Design and illustration Macmillan Publishers Limited 2017The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this workin accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.First published 2005This edition published 2017All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored ina retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the priorwritten permission of the publishers.Designed by Macmillan EducationPage make-up by Tek-ArtIllustrated by Tek-ArtCover design byMacmillan EducationCover photograph by Shutterstock/Leigh PratherPicture research by Susannah JayesThe authors and publishers would like to thank the following for permissionto reproduce their photographs:Alamy/AA World Travel Library p261(tcl), Alamy/Afripics p390(b), Alamy/Bananastock p133(bl), Alamy/michel platini FERNANDES BORGESp140(tl), Alamy/Peter Bowater p283(cl), Alamy/Agencja Fotograficzna Carop325, Alamy/Ian Cartwright p336, Alamy/Mohammed Anwarul KabirChoudhury p210(tcl), Alamy/Ashley Cooper Pics p218(br), Alamy/HANKdeLespinasse p418, Alamy/Ulrich Doering p184(tl), Alamy/Leslie Garlandpp276(c), 335(br), Alamy/Garry Gay p427, Alamy/georgphotos p390(bm),Alamy/Global Warming Images p442, Alamy/David J. Green p289(tl),Alamy/Thierry GRUN p3(tcml), Alamy/Tracy Hebden p275, Alamy/GrantHeilman Photography pp6(tcl), 79(br), Alamy/Holt Studios International Ltdp385(bm), Alamy/Jenny Matthews p441(br), Alamy/Mediscan p208,Alamy/John Miller p236(bl), Alamy/PHOTOTAKE Inc. pp213, 236(cl),302(tcl), Alamy/Pep Roig p441(tcl), Alamy/Sarkis Images p385(br), Alamy/Seaphotoart p85, Alamy/Stock Connection Blue p303(b), Alamy/SweetParadise p408(cr), Alamy/TNT Magazine p215(tr), Alamy/Westend61GmbH p400(bcr), Alamy/Janine Widel p312(cm), Alamy/Philip Wolmuthp415(bl); BANANASTOCK/1996-98 AccuSoft Inc., All right p444; TaniaChung pp134(bm, bmr, br), 276(a), 495(a, b, c); DigitalVision p405(bcr);Dorling Kindersley/Steve Gorton, Andy Crawford p303(br); EyeUbiquitous/James Henderson p248(tl); Getty pp2, 24, 74, 112, 150, 164,176, 206, 226, 260, 272, 310, 326, 342, 368, 382, 414, 436, 448; GettyImages p376(tl), Getty Images/BAY ISMOYO/AFP p397, Getty Images/Arterra p383(bl), Getty Images/Phil Augustavo p423(tl), Getty Images/Bettmann p454(bl), Getty Images/Keith Brofsky p56(tcl), Getty Images/Andrew Brooks p61(bl), Getty Images/Buena Vista Images p87(bl), GettyImages/Sean de Burca p92, Getty Images/Andy Butler p438(b), GettyImages/Jean-Bernard Carillet p424, Getty Images/chris carroll p285(tcr),Getty Images/Comstock p237, Getty Images/Peter Dazeley p312(cr), GettyImages/DEA PICTURE LIBRARY p331(b), Getty Images/DRB Images, LLCp177(bcm), Getty Images/John Elk p399(bm), Getty Images/Raul Corro/EyeEm p3(tcmr), Getty Images/Bernhard Msbauer/EyeEm p317, GettyImages/Eyewire p331(a), Getty Images/Laurence Fordyce p216(bcl), GettyImages/Fotokia p177(bm), Getty Images/Fritzi p261(tl), Getty Images/Fusep177(tcm), Getty Images/Misha Gavenor p250, Getty Images/RaymondGehman p425(br), Getty Images/David Greitzer p320, Getty Images/OliverHoffmann p302(tl), Getty Images/Jim Holmes p396(bl), Getty Images/RobertHolmes p408(cl), Getty Images/Hybrid Images p302(cm), Getty Images/Images Etc Ltd p97(bl), Getty Images/JamersonG p294(b), Getty Images/Photo by Ann Johansson/Corbis via Getty Images p127, Getty Images/Juliusp249, Getty Images/David Katzenstein p425(cl), Getty Images/Bob Kristpp384, 431, Getty Images/kwanchaichaiudom p221, Getty Images/Lalocracio p61(cr), Getty Images/Geri Lavrov pp284(tl), 441(cl), GettyImages/Lawrence Lawry 289(cm), Getty Images/George D. Lepp p83(cl),Getty Images/LiquidLibrary p135, Getty Images/Robert Llewellyn p285(cr),Getty Images/Craig Lovell p300, Getty Images/luamduan p415(bm), GettyImages/Maximillian Stock Ltd p97(br), Getty Images/Photo by StephanieMaze/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images p65(bm), Getty Images/WallyCSEC Int Sci txt.indb 2McNamee p438(a), Getty Images/Flip Nicklin/Minden Pictures p83(cr),Getty Images/Melinda Moore p3(tcr), Getty Images/Darlyne A. Murawskip212(a), Getty Images/Cathy Murphy p425(tl), Getty Images/Gavin Parsonsp83(cm), Getty Images/Douglas Peebles p399(cr), Getty Images/DavidPimborough p27(br), Getty Images/Popperfoto p375, Getty Images/ElenaPueyo p3(tcm), Getty Images/Radius Images p177(cm), Getty Images/EdReschke p6(bcr), Getty Images/Jeffrey L. Rotman p89(bm), Getty Images/David L. Ryan p396(br), Getty Images/Mark Segal p81(tm), Getty Images/Kevin Shaefer p38(tm), Getty Images/Harrison Shull p158, Getty Images/Stockbyte p330(cl), Getty Images/Lora Sutyagina p335(cl), Getty Images/Sheila Terry p41, Getty Images/Thinkstock p304, Getty Images/PeterTurnley/Corbis/VCG via Getty Images p65(cl), Getty Images/EncyclopaediaBritannica/UIG p186(b), Getty Images/Roger Ressmeyer/Corbis/VCGp400(cr), Getty Images/Terry Vine p130, Getty Images/Robert Warrenp415(br), Getty Images/Dougal Waters p177(tm), Getty Images/KarlWeatherly p454(cl), Getty Images/Martin B. Withers p390(a), Getty Images/xPACIFICA p157; ImageSource pp236(tr), 489; Macmillan New Zealandp445; Macmillan Publishers Ltd/Maurice Parkinson pp228, 273, 279(cl,cm), 294(tl), 327(b), 328(cl), 338(br), 346(bm, br), 349(bm, br), 357(bm,br), 362, Macmillan Publishers Ltd/Mike Taylor pp188(bm, br), 248(br), 252,459; Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: BritishDental Journal, copyright 2005 p140(bm); MEDIO IMAGES/1996-98AccuSoft Inc., All right p475(tcl); NASA pp407, 462, NASA/JPL-Caltechp370(tr); Nature Picture Library/Andrew Cooper p479, Nature PictureLibrary/Duncan McEwan p383(tr); Photodisc p371(a, b, c, d), Photodisc/Getty Images p374; Photoshot/NHPA p212(tcl), Photoshot/TaketomoShirator p404; REX Shutterstock/Jon Santa Cruz p441(tcr), REXShutterstock/Garo/Phanie p61(tr); Science Photo Library pp121,212(bm), 472, Science Photo Library/Dr M.A. Ansary pp58(tcm), 59, 89(br),Science Photo Library/BSIP, Beranger p171, Science Photo Library/BiophotoAssociates p90, Science Photo Library/Martin Bond pp218(tl), 268, 284(br),Science Photo Library/Dr Jeremy Burgess p38(tr), Science Photo Library/James Holmes/Celltech p360(br), Science Photo Library/Martyn F Chillmaidp351, Science Photo Library/Crown p261(cl), Science Photo Library/AdamHart Davies p152, Science Photo Library/Du Cane Medical Imaging Ltdp159, Science Photo Library/Eye of Science p101, Science Photo Library/Simon Fraser p423(tr, cl), Science Photo Library/Lowell Georgia p390(br),Sciencevv Photo Library/Eric Grave p27(tl), Science Photo Library/KlausGuldbrandsen p455, Science Photo Library/Gustoimages p216(bcr), SciencePhoto Library/Aaron Haupt p133(tr), Science Photo Library/Herve Conge,ISM p212(tl), Science Photo Library/David Hay Jones p283(br), SciencePhoto Library/Mehau Kulyk p56(tcr), Science Photo Library/AndrewLambert pp244(cl), 327(a), 338(bm), 343(a, b), 344, 345, Science PhotoLibrary/Dr Karl Lounatmaa p6(tcr), Science Photo Library/Dr P. Marazzipp58(tcr), 139, Science Photo Library/Jerry Mason p243, Science PhotoLibrary/Peter Menzel pp79(bm), 87(bm, br), Science Photo Library/Astrid &Hans-Frieder Michler p95, Science Photo Library/Cordelia Molloy p276(b),Science Photo Library/Dr Gopal Murti p6(br), Science Photo Library/NASAp376(br), Science Photo Library/David Parker p186(cm), Science PhotoLibrary/D. Phillips p50, Science Photo Library/George Post p405(tcr),Science Photo Library/Power and Syred p26, Science Photo Library/R.Maisonneuve/Publicphoto Diffusion 330(tl), Science Photo Library/PaulRapson p437(bm, bl, br), Science Photo Library/Dr Morley Read p212(c),Science Photo Library/Alexis Rosenfeld p432, Science Photo Library/ChrisSattberger p328(bcl), Science Photo Library/Science Pictures Ltd p52,Science Photo Library/Peter Scoones p215(tm), Science Photo Library/S.I.U.p53, Science Photo Library/Sheila Terry pp289(cr), 360(tl), 386, 454(tl),Science Photo Library/Mark Thomas p303(a), Science Photo Library/GeoffTomkinson p194, Science Photo Library/NASA/VRS p378, Science PhotoLibrary/Dr Keith Wheeler p75, Science Photo Library/Charles D. Wintersp420; Shutterstock/Fan jianhua p81(cr), Shutterstock/JRP Studio p33,Shutterstock/Cosmin Manci p212(b), Shutterstock/Alex Mit p369,Shutterstock/Nykonchuk Oleksii p244(bl), Shutterstock/OLOS p452,Shutterstock/somyot pattana p475(tcr), Shutterstock/Hellen Sergeyevap294(a), Shutterstock/Syda Productions p184(bm), Shutterstock/ArturSynenko p79(cr), Shutterstock/TunedIn by Westend61 p210(cl),Shutterstock/V ace p81(tr), Shutterstock/Xiaojiao Wang p65(cr),Shutterstock/Brooke Whatnall p294(c), Shutterstock/wizdata p65(br),Shutterstock/Alexander Yu. Zotov p399(cm); Thinkstock/bigemrg p36;Topfoto/Image Works p302(cr).These materials may contain links for third party websites. We have nocontrol over, and are not responsible for, the contents of such third partywebsites. Please use care when accessing them.09/11/2016 13:04

ContentsSeries PrefaceviiAbout this BookviiiSection A: The Organism and itsEnvironment12MatterStates of matterProperties of matterChanging statesLiving things are made up of cellsCell structure and functionTransporting substances in and out of cellsWhat is diffusion?Diffusion across a cell membraneExamples of diffusion in living organismsWhat is osmosis?Osmosis in living organismsWhat is active transport?Examples of active transport in living organismsDifferences between diffusion and active transportMicrobesVirusesBacteriaFungiChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style uction and GrowthWhat is reproduction?Advantages/disadvantages of asexual reproductionAsexual reproduction in unicellular organismsAsexual reproduction in flowering plantsArtificial methods of vegetative reproduction ofplantsArtificial methods of asexual reproduction of animalsSexual reproduction in flowering plantsFlower structure and functionPollinationFertilisationSeed structureGerminationHuman reproductive systemHuman male reproductive systemHuman female reproductive systemThe menstrual cycleFertilisationPregnancyBirthPre-natal carePost-natal careSexually transmitted infectionsMore about acquired immune deficiency 56585934CandidiasisMethods of birth controlEffects of teenage pregnancyPopulation growthHuman population growthMethods of reducing overpopulationChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style questions596063636466676871Food and NutritionPhotosynthesisHow do green plants obtain their raw materials forphotosynthesis?Food substances in plantsThe food we eat: nutritionFarming methodsFood chains and websTerrestrial food chains and websAquatic food chains and websEcosystemsDietThe functions and sources of nutrientsFood testsMineralsVitaminsNutritional disordersEnergy comes from our foodHow much food do we need?Food additives and their effect on healthFood spoilageMicroorganisms and decayFood preservationThe human digestive systemDigestion in the mouthDigestion in the stomachDigestion in the small intestineThe role of the teeth in digestionThe structure of teethThe care of teethChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 5969899100100102104105106107109Transport SystemsThe need for transport systemsTransport vessels in plantsHow does water move through a plant?Factors affecting transpirationCirculatory (transport) system in humansThe blood vesselsThe blood112113114115117118119120iiiCSEC Int Sci txt.indb 309/11/2016 13:04

567Red blood cellsWhite blood cellsPlateletsThe heartHow does the heart pump blood?How is blood circulated around the body?Blood groupsThe implications of the Rhesus factorDiseases of the heart and circulationHypertensionAngina, thrombosis and heart attacksStrokesHow the human body defends itself against diseasesThe immune systemThe beneficial effects of exerciseThe importance of waterThe effects of drug useWhat is a drug?Alcohol use and abuseDrugs used as medicineIllegal drugsSocial and economic effects of drug useThe human skeletal systemTypes of bones in the human bodyFunction of structures in the skeletal systemJointsThe function of skeletal muscleChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style espiration and Air PollutionWhat is respiration?Aerobic respirationAnaerobic respirationThe mechanics of breathingInhaled and exhaled airThe human respiratory systemThe structure of the alveoli and gas exchangePollutant sources and effects on the environmentPollutants from combustionRespiratory problems caused by environmentalpollutionChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 2ExcretionWhat happens to the food we eat?The waste products of digestionExcretory organs of the human bodyThe lung as an excretory organThe skin as an excretory organThe kidney as an excretory organHow the kidneys ‘clean’ the bloodAnother function of the kidney – osmoregulationKidney failure or renal failureExcretion of waste products from flowering plantsChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 4Sense Organs and CoordinationSense organs and their functionsThe eye and sight1761771778AccommodationVision defects and their correctionActivities which affect sightLight and sightLight and colourThe ear and hearingStructure and function of the earSound rangesCoordinationThe nervous systemThe structures of the nervous systemHow the nervous system worksDifferent kinds of actionsEffects of injury on the nervous systemThe endocrine systemChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 8199201202204Health and SanitationHygienePersonal hygieneHousehold pestsParasites and human diseasesControlling pestsCommunity hygieneWaste managementDisposal of domestic wasteSewageImpact of solid waste on the environmentChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 3Section B: The Home and Workplace9Temperature Control and Ventilation226Heat pplications of controlling heat transfer234236Harmful effects of the SunTemperature control in household appliances237240What is temperature?How is temperature measured?241Liquid-in-glass thermometers242Other types of thermometers244The importance of controlling ventilation in buildings 246Air conditioners249251The importance of controlling humidity in buildingsHow do temperature, air movement and humidity affectdrying?253Chapter summary254255Answers to ITQsExamination-style questions25710 Conservation of EnergyEnergy and workForms of energyEnergy conversionsConservation of mass and energyNuclear fissionNuclear fusion260260260261264264265ivCSEC Int Sci txt.indb 409/11/2016 13:04

Momentum and collisionsThe law of conservation of momentumInelastic and elastic collisionsEnergy transferChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style questions26526526726826826927011 Electricity and LightingElectric currentDo all materials conduct an electric current?Electric circuitsCircuit symbolsCurrent, voltage and resistanceElectric currentVoltageResistanceOhm’s lawElectrical powerHow is mains electricity made?How does electricity get to your home?Reading an electricity meterCalculating electricity billsCalculating energy consumption and charges fordifferent appliancesSafety devices used for electricityWiring a three-pin plugEnergy conservationReduce electricity use in the living roomReduce electricity use in the kitchenReduce electricity use for lightingLightSources of lightHow does light travel?ShadowsSafety: accidents happen everywhereDanger of electric shocksFiresDangers of radiationProtective clothingFirst aidChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 0130330530630812 Machines and MovementSimple machinesLeversDifferent types of leverInvestigating different types of leverEnergy input and work doneWheel and axleGearsPulleysAn inclined planeScrewsWedgesMaintenance of machinesMechanical advantage and efficiencyChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 232432432513 Metals and Non-metalsNon-metalsPlasticsUses of plasticsWoodMetalsProperties of metalsDifferences between metals and non-metalsUses of metalsAlloysChemical properties of metalsThe reactions of metalsCorrosion of metalsRustingProblems with using aluminium for cooking pansMethods of cleaning household metalsChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 533633733933934014 Acids, Bases and MixturesAcidsWhat is an acid?Properties of acidsBases and alkalisProperties of alkalisSaltsWhat is a salt?How are salts named?Reactions of acidsReactions of acids with metalsReactions of acids with bases/alkalisReactions of acids with carbonates/hydrogencarbonatesHousehold uses of acids and alkalisSodium hydrogencarbonate for fire-fightingThe pH scaleIndicators and the pH scaleMixturesWhat is a mixture?SolutionsSuspensionsColloidsSeparation of litySolvents in stain removalDetergentsSoapy detergentsSoapless detergentsHow do detergents clean?The composition of detergentsComparing soapy and synthetic detergentsHardness of waterHow is hard water formed naturally?Methods of softening waterScouring powdersDisinfectants, antiseptics and deodorantsChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 57358358359359360360362362363364364vCSEC Int Sci txt.indb 509/11/2016 13:04

Section C: Earth’s Place in the Universe15 The Universe and our Solar SystemStarsPlanetsThe MoonOther celestial bodies in the universeThe solar systemThe SunHow do planets stay in orbit?Day and nightEclipsesExploring the universeSpace travelLivingin space: possibilities and limitationsLivingin a spacecraftBenefitsfrom space researchFreefall of a satellite in orbitTheexploration of MarsChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 637737737737837938016 The Terrestrial EnvironmentWhat is soil and how is it formed?Physical weatheringChemical weatheringBiologicalaction on rocksComponents in the soilSoil fertilityDifferent soils and their propertiesSoil erosionRecycling in natureTheoxygen cycleThecarbon cycleThenitrogen cycleEarth movementsEarthquakesMeasuringseismic waves (earthquakes)TsunamisVolcanoesThe tidesSpring tidesNeap tidesTheeffect of tides on living organismsAir movementsAir massesWhathappens when air masses meet?Frontal systemsAirmasses and the spread of pollutionCyclones and hurricanesHowdoes a hurricane develop?Whathappens when a hurricane strikes land?Preparingfor a hurricaneChapter summaryAnswers to ITQsExamination-style 0840941041117 Water and the Aquatic EnvironmentProperties of waterUses and conservation of waterPurification of water for domestic useOtherways to purify waterDesalinationThe water cycle414415415417418420421viCSEC Int Sci txt.indb 6How water pollution affects aquatic lifeEutrophicationOtherwater pollutantsPollutantsin the food chainFishingMethodsof fishingOverfishingNavigational devices used at seaThemagnetic compassModernnavigational devicesForces acting on floating objectsUpthrustArchimedes’ principleTh

Macmillan Education 4 Crinan Street London N1 9XW A division of Macmillan Publishers Limited Companies and representatives throughout the world . Science Photo Library/Mark Thomas p303(a), Science Photo Library/Geoff Tomkinson p194, Science Photo Library/NASA/VRS p378, Science Photo .

Related Documents:

CSEC Theatre Arts Free Resources List of Contents 2 CSEC Theatre Arts Syllabus Extract 3 CSEC Theatre Arts Syllabus 4 CSEC Theatre Arts Specimen Paper: Paper 1 72 CSEC Theatre Arts Mark Scheme: Paper 1 78 CSEC Theatre Arts Subject Reports: 2004 Subjec

Biology for CSEC Examinations 3rd Edition Linda Atwaroo-Ali Series Editor: Dr Mike Taylor CSEC is a registered trade mark of the Caribbean Examination Council (CXC). BIOLOGY FOR CSEC EXAMINATIONS THIRD EDITION is an independent publication and has not

CSEC Home Economics Free Resources LIST OF CONTENTS CSEC Home Economics Syllabus Extract 4 CSEC Home Economics Syllabus 5 CSEC Home Economics – Family and Resource Management Specimen Papers and Mark Schemes: Paper 01 227 Mark Scheme 239 Paper 02 241 Mark Scheme 253

A-2 Glossary of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC) Terms A-3 Reference List A-4 International Actions Related to CSEC A-S Umted States’ Actions Related to CSEC B-i Prosecutor Informational Interview Guide B-2 Relevant Statutes Defining Pool of CSEC Cases in initial Stages of Processing B-3 The Federal Justice Statistics .

Bruksanvisning för bilstereo . Bruksanvisning for bilstereo . Instrukcja obsługi samochodowego odtwarzacza stereo . Operating Instructions for Car Stereo . 610-104 . SV . Bruksanvisning i original

Integrated Science for CSEC is the third edition of the previously named CXC Integrated Science. This third edition has been comprehensively updated in line with the revision of the Caribbean Examination Council’s CSEC Integrated Science syllabus, examined for the fi rst time in 2011. The content and the design of the book will

CSEC Music Free Resources LIST OF CONTENTS CSEC Music Syllabus ‐ Amended 2020 3 CSEC Music Specimen Paper and Mark Scheme: Paper 01 Paper 01 ‐ Mark Scheme

CSEC Coalition is grateful for the collective effort, dedication and expertise provided by those identified below who participated in developing and reviewing this Resource Guide to Prevent the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in Nevada (Guide), which is a part of the Nevada CSEC Strategic Plan. The CSEC Coalition’s Preve