REPRINT OF AMBALA DISTRICT GAZETTEER, 1892

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/REPRINT OFAMBALA DISTRICT GAZETTEER, CHANDIGARH(INDIA)

The Controller, Printing and Stationery, Haryana,Chandigarh (India).Controller of Printing and Stationery, Government of Haryana,Chandigarh.

The District Gazetteer is a miniature encyclopaedia and a goodguide. It .describes all important aspects and features of the district;historical, physical, social, economic and cultural. Officials and otherpersons desirous of acquainting themselves with the salient features ofthe district would find a study of the Gazetteer rewarding. It is of immenseuse for research scholars.The old gazetteers of the State published in the British regimeconta'ned very valuable information, which was not wholly re-producedin the revised volume. These gazetteers have gone out of stock and arenot easily available. There is a demand for these volumes by researchscholars and educationists. As such, the scheme of reprinting of oldgazetteers was taken on the initiative of the Hon'ble Chief Minister ofHaryana.The Ambala District Gazetteer of 1892 was compiled andpublished under the authority of Punjab Government in 1893. TheSettlement Officers, Messrs. Kensington and Douie supplied the basicmaterial for the gazetteer to Mr. F. Cunningham, Barrister-at-Law, whodrafted the Ambala District Gazetteer, 1892.The Volume is the reprinted edition of the Am bala DistrictGazetteer of 1892. This is the eighth in the series of reprinted gazetteersof Haryana. Every care has been taken in maintaining the completeoriginality of the old gazetteer while reprinting. I extend my appreciationto Sh. A.K. Jain, Editor, Gazetteers and Sh. J.S. Nayyar, Assistant, whohave handled the work with efficiency and care in the reprinting of thisvolume.I am very thankful to the Controller, Printing and Stationery,Haryana and his staff in the press for expeditiously completing the workof reprinting.JJeet Ram RangaJoint State Editor (Gazetteers)

'GAZETTEER:AM'SA'LA·DISTRICT.

The first edition of the Amblila Gazetteer,prepared mainly from a draftin 1885, wasGazettee?' compiled betyveen 1870 and -, 1874 by Mr. F. Cunningham, Barrister-at-Law,bas"ed upon the Settlementpublishedwhich again was largelyR ports of the district by Messrs. ",Vynyardand Mel vil1, written about 1855.A revised settlement of the district was begun in 1882 and 1883and finished in 1880 . The Assessmentand FinalSettlementand Douie, haveOfficers, MOS8rs. Kensington.: the chi f materialbeen prepared.Reportsor· thesuppliedfrom which a revised edition of the Gazetteer hasThe statisticalTables have been brought up to date,and. wherever possible- the Census figures of 1891 have beeu incorpor ated.Wherefuller informationis requiredon the subjects noticed inChapter III, Section B (Social and ReligiQus Life),and Castes), and Chapterfo. d.;. 1· d.hianaIV,Sectionin the Punjab Census ReportsSection C (TribesA (Agriculture),it will be'of 1881 and 1891, and in theor Karnal volumes of the Gazetteer series.

OliA P. I.-THE DISTRICTA.- DESCR.IPTIVEB.-GBOLOGY, FAUNA AND FLORA,.lI.-HISTORY." IlJ.-'rHE PEOPLEA.-STATISTICALB.-SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS LIFEC.-TRIBES ANDCASTESD.-VILLAGE COMMUNITIESAND TENURESE.-LEADING FAMILIES AND JAGIRS"[It.-PRODUCTIONAND DISTRIBUTIONA.- AGRICULTURE,ARBORICULTUREAND LIVE-STOCK.77B.-OCCUPATIONS, INDUSTRIES, AND COMMERCE89C.-PRICES, WElGHTS D FINANOE.97A.-GENERAL .AND MILl'!'AI .Y .108B.-LAND REVENUE SETTLEMENTS"VI.-TOWNS,MUNICIPALITIES,AND CANTONMENTSAPPENDIX,GIVINGDETAILSOF AMBALA JAGIRSSTATISTICALTABLES(INDEX ON PAGE ii).Section A.- DescriptiveGeneral descriptionPhysical featuresNature of the soil, scenery, &0.Hill streams .The GhaggarThe Markauda-TheTangriThe SarustiThe Sutlej-TheSirhind CanalThe Jamna-TheWestern Jamna CanalR,ainfall-ClimateDisease.··131145

[Punjab·Ga.zetteer,CHAPTER I.-THE DISTRICT-concluded.Section B.-Geology, Fauna and FloraGeology MineralsWild animals j sport-fishReptiles-trees.14. 1516CHAPTER H.-HISTORY.18Early history.Later Hindu periodMuhammadan periodAntiqaities ."The Sikhs .Proclamations of 1809 and 1811History 1809 to 1847The introduction 01 British rule .The MutinyFaminesFormation of the district .District Officers192021-222324252730Section A,-StatisticalDistribution of population-Migrationand birth-placeIncrease and decrease of populatiollBirths and deaths-Age;sex, and civil conditionInfirmitiesEuropean and Enrasian populs.tionof population3334363738Section B.-Social and R ligious Life38.3940VillagesHouses and domestic lifeDress- Food of the people. .General statistics and distribution of religions-R.eligious'sectsand institutionsFairs and· religious ·gatheringsLanguage-:Education'Poverty or wealtb of the people4142-4346SectipD;C.-Tribes' and CastesStatistics and local di tributioning' castesThe Jats .'rp.e Rajput :.of tribes and cMtes--:Land'". -.,.,. !Jinis and Malis, colonisation in Pipli-'l heG jarsWpe Raiensj Kambohs and Rors-Otherland-holdingMarui cultivatorshold- .46·47",., . ,:.4:8'iT' ',,":-·M"·j 9,tribes-Thp". . ,·"'50'

CHAPTER lH.-THEPEOPLE-concluded.PAGE.Section D.-Village Communities and TanuresVillage tenuresVillage officers; zailsZaildari inam systemTalukdari tenuresThe Chaharami tenureThe Plpli ChaMramisRiparian custoUl· .Tenants and l ents-Occupancy tenants.Growl.h of tenant right-Tenancylegislation of 1868 and 1887Agricultural labourers.Land transfers-Agl'iculturalindebtednessVillage loans and interest . .Section E.-Leading50515253 .5455565758596062Families and Jagirs-Origin of jigirsThe major jagirdu-1·s.'l'he pattidari jagirdars and. zaildars.Total jagir revenue and number of sharersThe Buria fanlilyThe Shahzadpur family-'rhe Singhpuria family'1'he Kotaha family .Recent history of the Mir's familyThe Sohana and Manakmajra famliy.The BhareJi familv-The Kharal' and Maloa familiesThe Ramgarh fani'iJy. The ShaMbad famiJY-'1'he Raipur familyThe KotliL i ang family-The ThaI family- Other Vice-regalDarbal'ls.,. .,. .Leading groups of pattidarijagi?'darsCHAPTER IV,-PRODUOTIONSection A.-Agriculture,.62636465666768707I727:371L7576AND D!STRIBUTION.Arboriculture, and Live .Stock-General statistics of agricqlturll--The seasons; rainfall-Thesystem of husbandryThe soils-IrrigationManure and rotation of cropsPoppy-RiceMorni hill crops j ginger) &c.-Avel'ageyield of crops. Production and consumption of food grains .Causel of inj ury to crops " .Khaki·rotton experiment .Arboriculture and forests- K alesar forest-J agadhri plant' :tion-Morni forest .Agl'icultural implements and appliances .Government breeding opel'aticns ; fairsOther domestic animals.7778798081:828384878889

- ---.(y[Punjab Gazetteer,PAGE.CHAPTERIV.-PRODUCTIONAND DIS1'RIBUTION-concld.Section B.-Occupations, Industries and CommerceOccupations of the people-:-P.rincipal industriesand manufactures-Terracotta-Basketwork. .Cotton uments-Paperlace-Oourseand nature of trade'"Section C.-Prices, Weights and Measures, and Communications.----Prices, wages, rent-rates, interest.Labour-Weightsana measures.Comml1nication,s- Te Icgraph - PostCHAPTERV.-ADMINISTRATIONANDFINANCE.Section A.-General and MilitaryExecutive and Judicial-Criminal,Police and GaolsRevenue, taxation and registrationBxcise Districtand Local BoardsStatistics of land revenue ,.Government laruls, forests, &c.-Assignment3of land revenueEducation-Educationof Government "Vards .Medical-AmbalaLeper AsylumNew Hospital-Medicalaid for women-Ecc1esiastical-Troopsand Ca,ntonments.Transport depot-Read-quartersof other departmentsRe

The Ambala District Gazetteer of 1892 was compiled and published under the authority of Punjab Government in 1893. The Settlement Officers, Messrs. Kensington and Douie supplied the basic material for the gazetteer to Mr. F. Cunningham, Barrister-at-Law,

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