FIRE PROTECTION IN REFINERIES - API Ballots

Draft - Do Not Distribute FurtherAPI RP 2001-2011 “Fire Protection in Refineries” – Candidate Ballot Draft 8-3-2011Fire Protection in RefineriesAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 2001Draft Ninth EditionThis draft has updated response to comments from Chevron & Exxon Mobil per comment log X3THIS DRAFT IS FOR DESIGNATED REVIEWER USE ONLYFURTHER DISTRIBUTION [INTERNAL, EXTERNAL OR PUBLIC]MAY BE COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT!Candidate Ballot Draft for API 2001 9th EditionPage 1 of 101Updated thru 8-3/4-2011K. C. Crawford

Draft - Do Not Distribute FurtherAPI RP 2001-2011 “Fire Protection in Refineries” – Candidate Ballot Draft 7-23-2011 Updated 8-3/4-2011SPECIAL NOTES1. API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE. WITHRESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS ANDREGULATIONS SHOULD BE REVIEWED.2. IN PUBLISHING THIS WORK, API IS NOT UNDERTAKING TO MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS,MANUFACTURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP THEIREMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY HAZARDS, RISKS ANDPRECAUTIONS, IN COMPLIANCE WITH LOCAL, STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS.3. INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPER PRECAUTIONS WITHRESPECT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS AND CONDITIONS SHOULD BE OBTAINED FROM THEEMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTURER OR SUPPLIER OF THAT MATERIAL, OR THE MATERIAL SAFETYDATA SHEET.4. NOTHING CONTAINED IN ANY API PUBLICATION IS TO BE CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY RIGHT,BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FOR THE MANUFACTURE, SALE, OR USE OF ANY METHOD,APPARATUS, OR PRODUCT COVERED BY LETTERS PATENT. NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHINGCONTAINED IN THE PUBLICATION BE CONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABILITY FORINFRINGEMENT OF LETTERS PATENT.5. API NOR ANY OF API’S EMPLOYEES, SUBCONTRACTORS, CONSULTANTS, OR OTHER ASSIGNSMAKE ANY WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TOTHE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS, OR UTILITY OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, ORASSUME ANY LIABILITY OR RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY USE, OR THE RESULTS OF SUCH USE, OFANY INFORMATION OR PROCESS DISCLOSED IN THIS PUBLICATION, OR REPRESENT THAT ITS USEWOULD NOT INFRINGE UPON PRIVATELY OWNED RIGHTS.6. GENERALLY, API STANDARDS ARE REVIEWED AND REVISED, REAFFIRMED, OR WITHDRAWN ATLEAST EVERY FIVE YEARS. SOMETIMES A ONE-TIME EXTENSION OF UP TO TWO YEARS WILL BEADDED TO THIS REVIEW CYCLE. THIS PUBLICATION WILL NO LONGER BE IN EFFECT FIVE YEARSAFTER ITS PUBLICATION DATE AS AN OPERATIVE API STANDARD OR, WHERE AN EXTENSION HASBEEN GRANTED, UPON REPUBLICATION.STATUS OF THE PUBLICATION CAN BE ASCERTAINED FROM THE API STANDARDS DEVELOPMENTDEPARTMENT TELEPHONE (202)682-8000). A CATALOG OF API PUBLICATIONS, PROGRAMS ANDSERVICES IS PUBLISHED ANNUALLY AND UPDATED BIANNUALLY BY API, AND IS AVAILABLETHROUGH GLOBAL ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS, 15 INVERNESS WAY EAST, M/S C303B,ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112-5776 AND PUBLISHED ON THEIR WEB SITE AT WWW.GLOBAL.IHS.COM.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20005.Candidate Ballot Draft for API 2001 9th EditionPage 2 of 101Updated thru 7-23-2011& 8-3/4-2011K. C. Crawford

Draft - Do Not Distribute FurtherAPI RP 2001-2011 “Fire Protection in Refineries” – Candidate Ballot Draft 7-23-2011 Updated 8-3/4-2011FOREWORDAPI’s Fire Protection in Refineries first edition appeared in 1933 as the beginning of fire safetyguidance series for the “downstream” segment. This ninth edition Recommended Practice builds onexperience gained over seven decades.The term fire protection used in this publication includes measures taken to prevent fires, as well asthose to minimize, control, or extinguish fires already burning. A thorough approach to fire protectionstarts with an understanding of the ignition and combustion processes, including control of potentialfuel sources with an emphasis on containment. This publication gives some basic information on thesesubjects and identifies sources of more detailed information. While sections of this document discussgeneral design principles it is not intended as a design manual. Rather, it presents guidance for thoseproviding fire protection services to refineries and gives reference to sources of more detailed designrelated information.The information presented is based primarily upon experience in a large number of refineries. It is notintended to exclude or limit the use of other approaches of comparable merit.Fire protection references comprise a very large body of literature. API RP 2001 points to many of thesereferences relevant to refineries while seeking not to duplicate them. Most of these references are notincorporated as “normative” and the user is advised to determine their relevance for specificapplications.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Instituteto assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes norepresentation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expresslydisclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation ofany federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflictSuggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the API Standards Department, 1220 LStreet, NW, Washington, DC, 20005Candidate Ballot Draft for API 2001 9th EditionPage 3 of 101Updated thru 7-23-2011& 8-3/4-2011K. C. Crawford

Draft - Do Not Distribute FurtherAPI RP 2001-2011 “Fire Protection in Refineries” – Candidate Ballot Draft 7-23-2011 Updated 8-3/4-2011CONTENTSSECTION 1 -- PURPOSE & SCOPE . 81.1 PURPOSE . 81.2 SCOPE . 81.3 RETROACTIVITY. 81.4 CONCEPT OF HAZARD VERSUS RISK . 8SECTION 2 - REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS - NORMATIVE . 9SECTION 3 - DEFINITIONS. 9SECTION 4 -- CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF FIRE - SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS . 114.2 SPECIAL SITUATIONS, CONSIDERATIONS AND HAZARDS . 11SECTION 5 -- FIRE CONSIDERATIONS IN REFINERY DESIGN . 125.1 GENERAL . 125.2 HAZARD ANALYSIS . 125.3 PROCESS DESIGN. 135.4 EQUIPMENT DESIGN. 145.4.1 Materials of Construction . 155.4.2 Mechanical Design and Equipment Construction . 165.4.2.1 Pressure Vessels . 165.4.2.2 Block Valves . 175.4.2.3 Isolation Valves . 175.4.2.4 Oil and Gas Piping . 185.4.2.5 Purging Systems . 195.4.2.6 Pumps and Compressors . 205.4.2.7 Gas Fueled Engines . 205.4.2.8 Fired Equipment . 205.4.2.9 Utility Systems . 215.4.2.10 Loading Racks . 225.4.2.11 Storage Tanks . 235.4.2.12 Process Tanks . 235.4.3 Process Control Systems . 245.5 LOCATION . 255.5.1 Climate and Geography . 255.5.2 Availability of Water . 255.5.3 Supplementary Local Fire Protection . 255.6 LAYOUT . 265.6.1 Drainage . 265.6.2 Spacing of Process Units . 275.6.3 Process Plant Buildings . 275.6.4 Roads . 285.6.5 Egress . 285.6.6 Location of Equipment Within Process Units . 29Candidate Ballot Draft for API 2001 9th EditionPage 4 of 101Updated thru 7-23-2011& 8-3/4-2011K. C. Crawford

Draft - Do Not Distribute FurtherAPI RP 2001-2011 “Fire Protection in Refineries” – Candidate Ballot Draft 7-23-2011 Updated 8-3/4-20115.6.6.1 Process Areas. 295.6.6.2 Pumps and Compressors . 295.6.6.3 Instrumentation . 305.6.6.4 Vulnerability to Fire Damage . 305.6.7 Spacing of Equipment Outside Of Process Units . 305.6.7.1 Atmospheric Tank Storage . 305.6.7.2 Pressurized Tank Storage . 315.6.7.3 Pipelines . 315.6.7.4 Loading Racks . 315.6.7.5 Marine Terminal Facilities . 325.6.7.6 Cooling Towers . 325.7 FIREPROOFING . 325.8 PRESSURE RELIEF AND FLARE SYSTEMS . 325.8.1 Relief Valves . 335.8.2 Flare Systems . 345.9 DRAINAGE, CONTAINMENT, AND WASTE DISPOSAL . 365.9.1 Spill and Waste Disposal for Process Areas . 365.9.2 Diking and Waste Disposal for Storage Areas . 375.10 POWER AND UTILITIES . 385.10.1 Electric Power . 385.10.2 Steam . 395.10.3 Water . 39SECTION 6 -- FIRE CONTROL AND EXTINGUISHING EQUIPMENT . 406.1 GENERAL . 406.2 WATER FOR FIRE SUPPRESSION . 416.2.1 Water Supply . 436.2.1.1 Flow Rate Ranges for Manual Firefighting . 446.2.1.2 Determining Water Flow Rates for Process Areas . 466.2.1.3 Suggested Residual Pressure . 466.2.1.4 Fire Water Flow Duration . 476.2.1.5 Water Requirements for Tank Fires. 476.2.2 Pumping Equipment . 486.2.3 Fire Hydrants . 496.2.4 Fire Hose and Reels. 506.2.5 Nozzles. 506.2.6 Monitors and Master Stream Delivery Devices . 516.2.7 Water Spray Systems . 526.3 FOAM . 526.4 DRY CHEMICALS . 536.4.1 Dry Chemical Extinguishers and Equipment . 546.5 COMBINED [DUAL] AGENTS . 556 .6 CLEAN AGENT FIRE EXTINGUISHING . 556.6.1 Halon Extinguishing Agents .

Draft - Do Not Distribute Further API RP 2001-2011 “Fire Protection in Refineries” – Candidate Ballot Draft 7-23-2011 Updated 8-3/4-2011 Candidate Ballot Draft for API 2001 9th Edition Updated thru 7-23-2011& 8-3/4-2011 Page 2 of 101 K. C. Crawford SPECIAL NOTES 1. API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE.