“The Rapture Notion Goes Like This: Jesus Is Coming Back, And

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“The rapture notion goes like this: Jesus is coming back, andwhen he does, he will first return before a time of so-calledtribulation begins, calling up into the clouds with him thosewho are “saved.” Horrible suffering will then occur on themiserable Earth for seven years. Then Jesus will come yetagain, for a final judging. There are many different versionsof this scenario, so it’s difficult to summarize. It’s fair to say,however, that only fundamentalist Protestant churchesbother to think about the rapture at all. . . . .

“The rapture concept is relatively new. It started with anAnglo-Irish theologian, who in the 1830s invented theconcept. This may come as a shocker to many, but it’s a fact:Before John Nelson Darby imagined this scenario in theclouds, no Christian had ever heard of the rapture. . . .“It’s a problem, however, for rapture-minded Christians thatthe word ‘rapture’ doesn’t appear anywhere in the Bible,unless you’re willing to think in broadly metaphorical terms.Rapture thinking is most often traced back to the ApostlePaul’s first letter to the Thessalonians . . . .

“It’s clear from looking carefully at everything Paul saysabout the future, as in 1 Corinthians 15:51–54 or Philippians3:20–21, that he believes only that some day Christians willexperience a kind of physical and spiritual change. They willbe resurrected, but this is a complex term that suggests notnecessarily resuscitation but evolution, a thoroughtransformation. . . .

“Yet it’s amazing how scriptures get misused, and relativelynew theological ideas—such as the rapture—get deeplyembedded in certain circles. The rapture is really a plotdevice for popular entertainment and a bizarre theologicalteaching in fundamentalist circles, where it functions in avariety of ways. But it’s bad theology, and Jesus himselfwould have been astonished to learn that thousands ofyears after him there were such notions afloat.”—Jay Parini, “Even Jesus Wouldn’t Buy ‘the Rapture,’”CNN Opinion, July 6, 2014

“Paul’s description of Jesus’ reappearance in 1Thessalonians 4 is a brightly colored version of what he saysin two other passages, 1 Corinthians 15:51–54 andPhilippians 3:20–21: At Jesus’ ‘coming’ or ‘appearing,’ thosewho are still alive will be ‘changed’ or ‘transformed’ so thattheir mortal bodies will become incorruptible,deathless. This is all that Paul intends to say inThessalonians . . . . Little did he know how his richmetaphors would be misunderstood two millennia later.”—N. T. Wright, “Farewell to the Rapture”

“But we do not want you to beuninformed, brethren, aboutthose who are asleep, so thatyou will not grieve as do the restwho have no hope. For if webelieve that Jesus died and roseagain, even so God will bringwith Him those who have fallenasleep in Jesus.”—1 Thessalonians 4:13–14PART ONE:“Doctrine Makes Allthe Difference”

“For this we say to you by theword of the Lord, that we whoare alive and remain until thecoming of the Lord, will notprecede those who have fallenasleep.”—1 Thessalonians 4:15PART TWO:“The Dead in ChristAre NotDisadvantaged”

“For the Lord Himself will descendfrom heaven with a shout, with thevoice of the archangel and with thetrumpet of God, and the dead in Christwill rise first. Then we who are aliveand remain will be caught up togetherwith them in the clouds to meet theLord in the air, and so we shall alwaysbe with the Lord. Therefore comfortone another with these words.”—1 Thessalonians 4:16–18PART THREE:“Our Sure andGlorious Comfort”

“The material of vv. 16–17 constitutes the most explicitdescription of the events surrounding Christ’s return[coming] found anywhere in Paul’s writings and probably inthe whole NT as well.”—Weima, 1–2 Thessalonians, 325

STAGE 1: The descent of Christ (4:16a).STAGE 2: The resurrection of the dead in Christ (4:16b).STAGE 3: The rapture of all believers to Christ (4:17a).STAGE 4: The life of all believers with Christ (4:17b).

STAGE 1: The descent of Christ.“For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with ashout, with the voice of the archangel and with thetrumpet of God” (v. 16a). “For” – introduces the explanation for Paul’s previousdenial at the end of v. 15. Now Paul begins a detailed, affirmative explanation ofwhat will happen at the “coming” (parousia) of Christ.

“For the Lord Himself will descend from heavenwith a shout, with the voice of the archangel andwith the trumpet of God” (v. 16a). “the Lord Himself” – emphatic; Jesus Himself, and norepresentative. “will descend” – “to move in a downward direction”;note it does not say “will return.” “from heaven” – the location from which theThessalonians believers were awaiting Jesus (see 1:10).

“For the Lord Himself will descend from heavenwith a shout, with the voice of the archangel andwith the trumpet of God” (v. 16a). The extraordinary manner of this descent: “with a shout” – a command given by a general. “with the voice of the archangel” – Jude 9,Michael. “with the trumpet of God” – used to summonlarge groups of people in victory.

CHARACTERISTICS OF STAGE 1SUPERNATURALSPECTACULARSUDDEN This is not a natural event, but onedirectly supervised by Christ Himself. This is not a subtle event, but onedramatic to the senses. This is not a gradual event, but onethat has all the hallmarks of surprise.

“Yet it’s amazing how scriptures get misused, and relatively new theological ideas—such as the rapture—get deeply embedded in certain circles. The rapture is really a plot device for popular entertainment and a bizarre theological teaching in fundamentalist circles, where it functions in a

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