Expert Ecological Advisory Workshop II
Expert Ecological Advisory Workshop IICoastal ecosystems, connectivity & climate change – ecologicalservices in changed landscapes.Hosted by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA) and theDepartment of Environment and Resource Management (DERM) — 10–11August 2011
Expert Ecological Advisory Workshop II Commonwealth of Australia 2012Published by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park AuthorityISBN 978 1 921682 96 4This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968,no part may be reproduced by any process without the prior written permission of theGreat Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority.This publication should be cited as:Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority 2012, Expert Ecological Advisory Workshop II 2012,GBRMPA, Townsville.DISCLAIMERThe views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do notnecessarily reflect those of the Australian Government. While reasonable effort has beenmade to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealthdoes not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall notbe liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the useof, or reliance on, the contents of this publication.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThank you to all the participants of the workshop for sharing your skills and knowledgeRequests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to:Communications Director2–68 Flinders StreetPO Box 1379TOWNSVILLE QLD 4810AustraliaPhone: (07) 4750 0700Fax: (07) 4772 6093info@gbrmpa.gov.auComments and enquiries can be made to:Hugh Yorkston, Director Coastal Ecosystems and Water Qualityh.yorkston@gbrmpa.gov.auwww.gbrmpa.gov.au
ContentsSUMMARY . 1SECTION 1 – WORKSHOP INTRODUCTION . 21.1 Workshop objectives . 31.2 Design of workshop . 31.3 Day 1 – 10 August 2011 . 31.4 Day 2 – 11 August 2011 . 41.5 Workshop materials . 51.5 Recording of outcomes . 61.6 Workshop participants. 61.7 Outputs . 7SECTION 2 – WORKSHOP RESULTS . 82.1 General discussion . 82.2 Herbert River basin . 82.3 Ross River basin . 112.4 Proserpine River basin . 142.5 Styx River basin . 162.6 Calliope River basin . 18SECTION 3 – WORKSHOP CONCLUSIONS AND NEXT STEPS . 213.1 Next steps . 213.2 Participant feedback . 21ATTACHMENTS . 22
SUMMARYThe Great Barrier Reef Outlook Report 2009 identified coastal development, water quality andclimate change as the biggest threats to the health and resilience of the Great Barrier Reef.While the values provided by coastal ecosystems to the health of the Great Barrier Reef havebeen recognised for many years, prior to June 2010 a comprehensive and quantifiedassessment of the values of coastal ecosystems had not been undertaken by the GreatBarrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA).In June 2010, the Expert Ecological Advisory Workshop I (Workshop I) focused on assessingand quantifying the ecological services provided to the Great Barrier Reef by ecosystems intheir natural unmodified state. During Workshop I, it was recognised that all basins within theGreat Barrier Reef catchment are modified in some way. As a result, the need to assess theecological services provided by modified systems was identified.On 10 and 11 August 2011, GBRMPA and the former Queensland Department ofEnvironment and Resource Management hosted a second Expert Ecological AdvisoryWorkshop (Workshop II) to assess the ecological services provided by modified ecosystems.Five basins were selected as case studies: Herbert, Ross, Proserpine, Styx and Calliopebasins. Along with assessing the ecological services provided by the modified ecosystems, anevaluation of the likely impact of climate change at a regional scale was carried out.In order to maximise the understanding and assessment of the services provided within thestudy basins, approximately 50 experts across a range of disciplines were invited toparticipate. The range of disciplines represented by participants included: terrestrial, aquatic,coastal and marine ecology; climate change impacts; land capability assessment; catchmentmanagement; political science; and science communications.This report summarises the information and outcomes compiled during Workshop II.The outcomes of the workshop include:detailed descriptions of the five basin case study areas including basin background,hydrology and current status.detailed descriptions of at least two modified ecological services within each of the casestudy basins.detailed descriptions of the impacts of regional climate change based on ecologicalservices and basin functionality for each basin.development of a pilot framework for collating spatial data and expert knowledge to betterunderstand the components and processes of the five basin case study areas.Page 1
SECTION 1 – WORKSHOP INTRODUCTIONThe Great Barrier Reef Outlook Report 2009 (Outlook Report) identified coastal development,water quality and climate change as the biggest threats to the health and resilience of theGreat Barrier Reef. In response, Informing the Outlook for Great Barrier Reef CoastalEcosystems report has been developed by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority(GBRMPA). The Informing the Outlook Report aims to provide a greater understanding of therole and values of coastal ecosystems in protecting and managing the health of the GreatBarrier Reef World Heritage Area.In order to further understand the roles and values of the coastal ecosystems that are criticalto the health and resilience of the Great Barrier Reef, it was identified that the followingknowledge gaps needed to be addressed:How do the natural and modified coastal ecosystem areas function?What ecological services do both natural and modified ecosystems provide to theGreat Barrier Reef?What threats exist now and in the long term for these ecosystems?What will the consequence of these threats be on long-term health and resilience ofthe Great Barrier Reef?On 23 and 24 June 2010 an Expert Ecological Advisory Workshop I (Workshop I) was heldwith key researchers and managers working in the Great Barrier catchment and inshoremarine areas. This workshop was the first opportunity for experts from a range of scientificdisciplines to come together to discuss the ecological importance of coastal ecosystems fromtheir respective specialist knowledge base. A number of recommendations were put forwardand discussed and, as a result, a second workshop was proposed to look specifically atmodified ecosystems and the functions/processes they provide to the Great Barrier Reef.On 10 and 11 August 2011, the Expert Ecological Advisory Workshop II (Workshop II) washeld. A number of participants from Workshop I attended, along with researchers andmanagers with local knowledge working in basins adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef andinshore marine areas. The second workshop provided the opportunity for participants to applytheir knowledge to a specific basin case study and to consider the ecological services thatmodified ecosystems provide to the Great Barrier Reef.This report summarises the material that was generated at Workshop II in regards to the valueand function that coastal ecosystems play in protecting the health of the Great Barrier ReefWorld Heritage Area and the likely impacts of climate change at a basin level.Following recommendations from Workshop II, additional work is to be undertaken to assessthe social, cultural and economic values of natural and modified coastal ecosystems.Page 2
1.1 Workshop objectivesThe workshop objectives and agenda are shown at attachment 1.1.2 Design of workshopThe workshop was designed to facilitate input from participants who were identified as expertsin various fields relating to natural resource management, environmental science andconservation. It was recognised in Workshop I that to maximise the understanding andcapture of basin processes, attributes and issues, it would be beneficial to facilitate a widerange of participants from a variety of different fields and expertise. Subsequently, a widerange of vocations were represented amongst the various groups including: researchers;environmental scientists; terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecologists; local council officers;natural resource management (NRM) regional catchment bodies; GIS experts; and landmanagers.The workshop was broken into seven main sessions, held over two days. Of the sevensessions, four sessions were used as workshop discussions, with participants assigned to oneof five working groups. Each group was allocated a separate basin as a case study.Participants were organised into the working groups based on their expertise and basinknowledgeThe five basins chosen as case studies were selected to represent the diversity basins withinthe Great Barrier Reef catchment. Basins were selected based on their location within thecatchment, their climate (wet/dry tropics), and their land use (grazing/intensive/extensiveagriculture). The five basins selected as case studies were:Herbert basin (Wet Tropics)Ross basin (Dry Tropics)Proserpine basin (Wet Tropics)Styx basin (Dry Tropics)Calliope basin (Dry Tropics)1.3 Day 1 – 10 August 2011The following four workshop sessions were held on the first day of the workshop.Introduction of workshop and overview of workshop objectivesThe workshop and objectives were introduced by Hugh Yorkston (Director, CoastalEcosystems and Water Quality, GBRMPA) with acknowledgement given to the TraditionalOwners of the area. Additional background presentations were delivered by: Donna-marieAudas (Manager, Coastal Ecosystems and Water Quality, GBRMPA); Hsuan Lammers,(Principal Project Officer, Queensland Wetlands Program); Mike Ronan (Manager,Queensland Wetlands Program); and John Bennett (Department of Environment andResource Management).Basin Assessment and StocktakeParticipants were provided with summary information on each catchment. The summaryinformation provided included: background on the catchment; history of settlement anddevelopment within the catchment; information relating to land use; flood statistics; and riskswithin the catchment.Participants were then asked to identify and list various features within the specific basin towhich they were assigned. Participants were firstly asked to identify natural and anthropogenicfeatures within the catchment which serve as assets within the basin. The assets identifiedPage 3
incorporate a wide range of features including: habitat for flora and fauna; unique and iconicnatural species and features; structures that change the landscape; heritage values;infrastructure; feral animals; non-rehabilitated sites from mining legacies; bund walls;agriculture practices; and industry. The assets were recorded directly on to reference maps orinto notebooks, with entries corresponding to marks made on the reference maps.Connectivity and basin hydrologyIt was recognised in Workshop I that the services provided by an ecosystem are dependent onrelationships with other ecosystems. It was also recognised that many external factors such ashydrology and the degree of connectivity between different ecosystems may affect theservices provided by a particular ecosystem. To further explore this concept at a Great BarrierReef basin scale, participants were asked to consider the degree of connectivity andhydrology within the case study basin to facilitate understanding of water flow within the basin,potential impediments to connectivity of ecosystems and resulting loss of ecosystem services.Processes/Ecological servicesAn output of Workshop I was the identification and compilation of information on theprocesses and ecological services provided by natural systems.During Workshop II participants considered the process and ecological functions provided bymodified ecosystems. With reference to the modifications identified within the basins,participants were asked to specifically consider and address the question 'what do thesechanges mean for the natural assets, coastal ecosystems and ultimately the Great BarrierReef?'The participants within each of the five working groups were provided with a table ofprocesses which may occur within a basin and a list of the corresponding ecological servicesprovided by those processes. Reference maps were provided for each basin and participantswere asked to conduct an assessment of the ecological processes and services provided bynatural and modified ecosystems within each basin. The tables provided to participantsallowed for a qualitative assessment of those services and the capacity of the ecosystems toprovide that service.Groups were specifically asked to select a number of processes from the processes andcomponents table which occur within their basins and to complete two tasks. Firstly, thegroups were asked to identify how those processes occur and how the ecological service isprovided within the modified ecosystem groups.Secondly, the groups were asked to provide the qualitative assessment of the capacity of themodified ecosystem to deliver the ecological service in terms of whether the service providedwas non-existent, low, medium, or high.1.4Day 2 – 11 August 2011Three workshop sessions were held on day 2 of the workshop.Overview of findings from Day 1Groups were asked to provide their findings and results from day 1. Groups were asked topresent the information for their catchment in response to the following series of questions inan effort to standardise the presentation of findings:What are the dominant components in the basin?What were the dominant processes/ecological functions in the basin?Page 4
How have ecological processes and connectivity been affected spatially by themodifications to hydrology in the landscape?What information can be compiled about these changes (what do we know about theimpact of these modifications)?Climate change and the effect on processes/ ecological servicesAfter the morning break, the participants were asked to consider the potential effects ofclimate change, based on the Department of Environment and Resource Management'sFNQ2 'Towards A Greener Queensland' report predictions, on the processes/ecologicalservices of their respective basins.Dan Metcalfe (CSIRO) presented on the potential shifts in floral assemblages as a result ofclimate change and how their movement may be affected by man-made barriers.Participants were asked to consider what the implications would be on the Great Barrier Reefif the ecological services within the basin/s were altered as a result of climate change.Final session – where to from here?In the final session of the workshop participants were invited to consider how the informationcollected could be used to facilitate further understanding on processes and ecologicalservices within other catchments and were given an opportunity to provide feedback on theoperation of the workshop. Participants were specifically invited to discuss the followingquestions:How could we apply this catchment exploration process to other catchments?What worked and what didn't?Where to from here?The workshop was concluded by Hugh Yorkston who presented an overview of the future useof the findings of the workshops and its application to the broader management of the GreatBarrier Reef catchment.1.5Workshop MaterialsWorkshop materials included reference material for each basin case study. The referencematerial consisted of the summary basin information and assessment and reference maps foreach basin. The results from this workshop have been incorporated into the basin summariesand are available at www.gbrmpa.gov.au.The reference maps consisted of a series of basin maps provided by the GBRMPA Spatialand Information Technologies group. The reference maps were constructed from a variety ofdata sets consisting of:GBRMPA DatasetsGBRMP Zoning 2003 (2009)Marine Bioregions of GBRMP (non-reefal) (2005)Marine Bioregions of GBRMP (reefal) (2005)DERM DatasetsRegional Ecosystems of Queensland (Pre-clear) (2009) v6.0bo Regional ecosystemso Broad Vegetation groupingso Land zonesPage 5
Regional Ecosystems of Queensland (Remnant) (2009) v6.0b (collected in 2006)o Regional ecosystemso Broad Vegetation groupingso Land zonesQueensland Wetlands Data (2009)o Water Bodieso Wetland Regional EcosystemsDigital Cadastre Boundary Database – (Tenure) (2011)Queensland Landuse Mapping Project (QLUMP) (1990,1999, 2005, 2009)Stream Ordered Rivers (Hydrology) (2009)Queensland Coastal Plan (2011)o Draft Hazard Erosion Prone Areao Draft Hazard Sea Level Riseo High Risk of Storm Tide Inundationo Medium Risk of Storm Tide InundationDams and Weirs (2002)SEDNET Soils Data Set (2006)CSIRO (Joint dataset with other agencies)GBR Seabed Biodiversity July 2007 (Site clusters)GBR Seabed Biodiversity July 2007 (Assemblages)JCUSeagrass Model (Dry-season) (2007)Seagrass Model (Wet-season) (2007)NRM DatasetsHealthy Water Management PlanUsing the above data sets, analysis and groupings were created to investigate:changes between pre 1940s and post 1940s regional ecosystem datasimplified Coastal Ecosystem groupings using regional ecosystems data1.5 Recording of outcomesEach working group was provided with a set of AO sized maps of their case study basin andnotebooks developed by GBRMPA’s Spatial Data Centre. Notes were written either directlyonto the maps or into notebooks with reference to areas marked on the
An output of Workshop I was the identification and compilation of information on the processes and ecological services provided by natural systems. During Workshop II participants considered the process and ecological functions provided by modified ecosystems. With reference to the modifications identified within the basins,
Workshop I and II. A recommendation from Workshop II was that additional work was required to assess the social, cultural and economic values of natural and modified coastal ecosystems. On 29 September 2012, an Expert Ecological Advisory Workshop (Workshop III) was held. Participants included specialist social scientists from CSIRO and GBRMPA.
4.3.1 Age and the Ecological Footprint 53 4.3.2 Gender and the Ecological Footprint 53 4.3.3 Travelling Unit and the Ecological Footprint 54 4.3.4 Country of Origin and Ecological Footprint 54 4.3.5 Occupation, Education, Income and the EF 55 4.3.6 Length of Stay and Ecological Footprint 55 4.4 Themes of Ecological Resource Use 56
XSEDE HPC Monthly Workshop Schedule January 21 HPC Monthly Workshop: OpenMP February 19-20 HPC Monthly Workshop: Big Data March 3 HPC Monthly Workshop: OpenACC April 7-8 HPC Monthly Workshop: Big Data May 5-6 HPC Monthly Workshop: MPI June 2-5 Summer Boot Camp August 4-5 HPC Monthly Workshop: Big Data September 1-2 HPC Monthly Workshop: MPI October 6-7 HPC Monthly Workshop: Big Data
Social-ecological systems are complex and adaptive systems defined by feedbacks and interactions between nature and people. Here, we adopt Nobel Prize Winner Elinor Ostrom’s social-ecological systems framework that that depicts the essential elements of social-ecological systems and was designed for analyzing outcomes in social-ecological
Workshop II: Assessing Process Skills Participants learn how to observe and interpret students’ use of the process skills of science (about 3 hours). Workshop III: Effective Questioning Participants identify questions that are useful for eliciting students’ ideas and for encouraging the use of science process skills (about 2 hours).
An In-Depth Look At DIrect exAmInAtIon of expert WItnesses 153 II. expert WItnesses GenerALLy A. Need for Expert Testimony When preparing a case for trial, counsel must assess whether an expert’s testimony will be necessary.6 Generally, the purpose of expert witnesses is to clear up fuzzy facts or to strengthen inferences that might otherwise be confusing for the jury.7 The decision usually
3.7 Perceived requirement for expert systems 52 3.8 The role of an expert system 52 3.9 Responsibility of expert systems 55 3.10 Motivation for developing an expert system 56 3.11 Validation 59 3.12 Summary 60 4. EXPERT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 4.1 Introduction: A very brief background 61 4.2 Categories of information systems and problems 61 4.3 .
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