Library Resources In Cedar Riverside: An Action Plan For .
Library Resources in Cedar Riverside:An Action Plan for Bridging Library Resource Gaps in the CedarRiverside NeighborhoodA Plan B PaperIn Partial Fulfillment of theMaster in Public AffairsMaster of Public PolicyDegree RequirementsThe Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public AffairsThe University of MinnesotaScott KieslingMarcela Sotela OdorAbigail WhelanMay 7, 2013Merrie BenasuttiPaper AdviserDateSteve PeacockPaper AdviserDateHussein AhmedCommunity PartnerDateAbdulkadir WarsameCommunity PartnerDate1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSA special thank you to the residents of the Cedar Riverside neighborhood for welcoming us intothe community and to Riverside Plaza Tenants Association and West Bank CommunityCoalition for partnering with us on this journey. It is our sincerest hope that this informationleads to useful action.2
TABLE OF CONTENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 2TABLE OF CONTENTS . 3ACRONYMNS. 5EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . 6INTRODUCTION . 7BACKGROUND . 71.Value and Importance of Public Libraries . 72.Table 1. Return on Investment for Public Libraries . .8Library Laws: Understanding the System that Governs Libraries.11Figure 1. Library System Hierarchy .12METHODS .14FINDINGS.151.Community meetings .15Figure 2. Community Meetings .16Table 2. Community Defined Needs .172.Interviews .19Table 3. In person interviews .203.Existing Library Resources Near Cedar Riverside .21Table 4. Existing space in the Cedar Riverside neighborhood and Minneapolis .22Table 5. Education Services Offered in the Cedar Riverside Neighborhood andMinneapolis .23Table 6. Other services offered in the Cedar Riverside neighborhood andMinneapolis .244.Feasibility of a new Library .25HOW COMMUNITIES ADdress a lack of and manage LIBRARY RESOURCES .261.Creative Ways Communities Increased Their Access to Library Resources .26Figure 3. A47 Mobile Library.27Figure 4. Levinski Library. .282. Friends of the Library Organizations.30STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN .321.SHORT TERM .32a.Creating Sustainable Neighborhood Capacity.33b.Improving Access to Current Resources .34c. Mobilize Partnership Opportunities: Strengthen Areas of Collaboration with HCLSystem .35Table 7. Potential areas of collaboration with HCL .363
d.Opening Up Spaces in Cedar Riverside.37e.Increasing Community Engagement .392.LONG TERM: Renovating Brian Coyle .403.EVALUATING EFFECTIVENESS .42CONCLUSION .42WORKS CITED.43APPENDICES .48APPENDIX A. Memorandum of Agreement .48APPENDIX B. Methods: Community Meetings .55APPENDIX C. Methods: Literature Review .85APPENDIX D. Methods: Interviews .86APPENDIX E. Summary Table of Currently Existing Resources and Community DefinedResources Needs .89APPENDIX F. Useful Contacts .92APPENDIX G. Compilation of Existing Resources .94APPENDIX H. Library Laws.95APPENDIX I. Muslim Journeys Flyer .97APPENDIX J. Map of Library Resources In and Near Cedar Riverside .99APPENDIX K. Library Building Planning Checklist (from Minnesota Department ofEducation) .100APPENDIX L. Brian Coyle Plan for Expansion .103APPENDIX M. Strategic Action Plan Summary .1044
ACRONYMNSCHANCE: Cedar-Humphrey Action for Neighborhood Collaborative EngagementCR: Cedar RiversideCRFOL: Cedar Riverside Friends of LiteracyCRPLSA: Council of Regional Public Library System AdministratorsHCL: Hennepin County Library SystemMELSA: Metropolitan Library Service AgencySALT: Somali Adult Literacy TrainingRPTA: Riverside Plaza Tenants AssociationWBCC: West Bank Community Coalition5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARYAt a fall 2012 community forum conducted by Cedar-Humphrey Action for NeighborhoodCollaborative Engagement (CHANCE) faculty and students, members of the Cedar Riversidecommunity expressed a desire for greater access to library resources. Undertaking this project,CHANCE students partnered with the West Bank Community Coalition (WBCC) and theRiverside Plaza Tenants Association (RPTA) to develop actionable steps that will increaseCedar Riverside’s access to library resources.To further refine the research question and needs of the community, CHANCE studentsworked in conjunction with several Cedar Riverside community members and leaders in thearea to conduct four community meetings. The purpose of the meetings was twofold. First,because the way we view library resources may differ from the way others do, we sought toidentify what and how the community viewed as library resources.Second, we sought todetermine which resources the community desired greater access too. Coming out of thesemeetings we learned that while the community desired greater access to books, computers, andother resources (see Appendix B6 for full list), the overarching desire was for space.Specifically, many community members suggested the ideal outcome of this project would be anew library building in the Cedar Riverside neighborhood.Given this theme of space, we explored the feasibility of building a new library in thearea. Research into the laws and funding regulations surrounding public libraries, in addition tothe specific process within Hennepin County concerning library renovations and funding,suggest that it is unlikely a new library will be built in Cedar Riverside. Therefore we focused ourwork on defining short-term solutions to address space issues.We also explored partnership opportunities with many organizations, and compiledinformation on existing resources. Upon collecting this data we developed a strategic actionplan and recommendations, including recommendations to: Create sustainable neighborhood capacity Improve access to current resources (i.e. promote use of Wilson Libraryresources) Mobilize Partnership Opportunities (i.e. strengthen ties with the Hennepin CountyLibrary (HCL) System) Open up Spaces in Cedar Riverside (to read and study, i.e. a reading room in theMcKnight building)6
Increase community engagement in literacy (i.e. a Book Fair) Pursue the possibility of renovating Brian Coyle.In sum, this project seeks to provide actionable, short-term steps that will address someof the library resource desires identified at community meetings.INTRODUCTIONIn the fall of 2012, CHANCE students and staff hosted a community forum outliningproposals for multiple neighborhood projects. Each project was designed by students, based onan understanding of community needs gained from attending community meetings and listeningto a number of speakers on local issues. The idea for a library resource project emerged from ayouth-council meeting attended by one of the students and was ultimately among the top twoprojects voted on by members of the community. The proposal was refined and incorporatedinto a memorandum of agreement (see Appendix A) with two community partners, the WestBank Community Coalition (WBCC) and the Riverside Plaza Tenants Association (RPTA).The primary goal of this paper is to provide the Cedar Riverside community with anactionable set of recommendations that will help bridge library resource gaps identified atcommunity meetings and in conversations with our community partners. Several other goalsrelate to this primary goal, including practicing effective community engagement and buildingpersonal relationships while strengthening the connection between the Humphrey School andthe Cedar Riverside community.BACKGROUNDBefore delving into our methods and findings it is important to provide some context onthe importance of libraries and the systems in which they operate. This background informationprovides important groundwork for the findings and analysis of the paper as well as justificationfor the project.1. Value and Importance of Public LibrariesOne can find little disagreement as to the value of public libraries. There have beennumerous studies aimed at estimating the return on investment (ROI) for each dollar spent onlibraries. This return on investment is based on a number of factors: The cost to taxpayers of purchasing or renting books, movies, music, internet accessand meeting space, if these services were not available through a public library7
Lost use, that is, the loss of information that was accessed by some library userswho would not have pursued the information they needed if a library was notavailable The value of goods and services contributed to the community via purchases by locallibraries “Halo spending,” that is, – the money spent in the local community by library usersduring a trip to the library.Table 1 highlights the ROI for twelve different public library systems. The mean ROIwas 5.34, with the individual values ranging from 2.38 to 13.00. A study of the Hawaii PublicLibrary System found that the library system saved each Hawaiian family 747 a year inservices provided to residents by public libraries.1 These services include materials use (books,magazines, newspapers, CDs, DVDs), reference service, Internet workstation use and libraryprograms.In the absence of a public library, families would have to either pay for theseservices or do without them. In a low-income community it is usually the latter option.Table 1. Return on Investment for Public Libraries (Compiled from META Project)2StudyDateROIThe Economic Impact of Public Libraries on South Carolina2005 4.48Erie County Taxpayers: Your return on investment in the library2007 6.65Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh: Community Impact and Benefits2006 3.00Florida's Public Libraries Build Strong Economies: A TaxpayerReturn on Investment Report2005 6.54Taxpayer Return-on-Investment (ROI) in Pennsylvania PublicLibraries2007 5.50The Economic Impact of Libraries in Indiana2007 2.38Placing an Economic Value on the Services of Public Libraries inSuffolk County, New York2005 3.931Joe Ryan and Charles R. McClure, “Economic Impact of the Hawaii State Public Library System (HSPLS) on theBusiness and Tourism Industries Study: Final Report,” Evaluative Report, (2003): 133, Education ResourcesInformation Center, accessed May 1, etailmini.jsp?nfpb true& &ERICExtSearch SearchValue 0 ED509533&ERICExtSearch SearchType 0 no&accno ED509533.2Jennifer Weil Arns, “Assessing the Economic Value of Public Library Collections and Services: A Review of theLiterature and Meta-Analysis,” 2012, accessed February 10, 2013, http://www.libsci.sc.edu/metaweb/index.html.8
StudyDateROIValue for Money: Southwestern Ohio's Return from Investment inPublic Libraries2006 3.81The Economic Contribution of Wisconsin Public Libraries to theEconomy of Wisconsin2008 4.06The Economic Value of Vermont's Public Libraries: 2006 – 20072007 5.36Public Libraries – a wise investment: A return on investment studyof Colorado libraries2009 5.31Economic Impact of the Hawaii State Library System on theBusiness and Tourism Industries Study2003 13.00Mean 5.34However, the economic benefits of libraries are just one aspect of their value. Given thatthe Cedar Riverside neighborhood has a large immigrant population, the impact of libraries onimmigrants is an important consideration. A report co-authored by the U.S. Citizenship andImmigration Services notes “public libraries in the United States have a long tradition ofproviding resources and education to immigrants.”3 A local library could be a useful resource forresidents seeking to assimilate into a new culture. Libraries can also a be a key element inencouraging increased civic engagement in immigrant communities by serving as a “bridge forcivic and community connections by offering a range of easily-accessible services andopportunities for diverse populations.”4In a soft economy trying to pull out of a deep, long-lasting recession job services are avital resource and may be found at many libraries. Libraries can assist with the job searchprocess in a number of ways: 77.5 percent of libraries help people create resumes 84.1 percent of libraries report that providing employment services is important totheir communities 92.2 percent of libraries help people access online job databases and resources3U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and the Institute of Museum and Library Services, “Library Services forImmigrants – A Report on Current Practices,” Last updated April 5, 2013, accessed May 2, em.749cabd81f5ffc8fba713d10526e0aa0/?vgnextoid nnel 7496f2ea8381d310VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD.4Urban Libraries Council, “Leadership Brief,” Fall 2011, accessed May 1, 2013, agement.9
7 percent of libraries help people apply for jobs online.5Libraries, in the form of business information services, can also help fulfill informationneeds for small businesses.6 Notably, most new jobs are created by small businesses, andwhile a key element in the success of these businesses is information, newly createdbusinesses are seldom in a position to fulfill all their information needs.7While research on the ways libraries impact education is very limited, it is intuitive thataccess to library resources will improve educational outcomes. Moreover, a study investigatingaccess to books as a strategy for addressing summer reading setback found that students withaccess to books over the summer produced results on a reading test equal to that of studentsattending summer school.8Yet libraries no longer hold a monopoly on information provision. With the advent of theInternet, one article noted that many people turn to books for their “physicality” rather thansimply the information within them. 9 This is not to say that new technologies are makinglibraries obsolete; on the contrary, libraries are more important than ever. The enduring value oflibraries is that they offer a large number of resources in one location, some of which are notaccessible online. The Internet does not offer the range of reading material available at a library,nor does it offer personal help from library staff, in-person library programs and communitymeeting spaces.However, it does appear as though the central definition of libraries may be changing,leading to changes in the ways communities provide library services.Most notably, manycommunities have moved away from maintaining large library buildings housing thousands ofbooks. Instead, satellite libraries, such as bookmobiles and other creative “Pop-Up” Libraries,are becoming more common as ways to maintain the tradition of reading a physical book(wherein one has to physically turn a page rather than swipe an iPad). Still, it is important tonote that Satellite libraries are just one of many ways to help communities increase their accessto library resources.5Center for Library and Information Innovation, “Public Libraries & Employment,” 2012, accessed May 3, 2013 ublications/EmploymentBrief2012.pdf.6Carlos A. Manjarrez, Jessica Cigna, Beata Bajaj, “Making Cities Stronger: Public Library Contributions to LocalEconomic Development,”Urban Institute, 2007, accessed May 2, l.7Ibid.8R. L. Allington & A. Mcgill-Franzen, “Addressing Summer Reading Setback Among Economically DisadvantagedElementary Students,” Reading Psychology 31(2010): 411-412, accessed May 5, 702711.2010.505165.9“Four Amazing Mini Libraries That Will Inspire you to Read,” Good, February 13, 2013, accessed April 3, braries-that-will-inspire-you-to-read.10
It is also important to note that improvingaccess to and use of library resource materialsdoes not automatically lead to enhance outcomesin childhood education.engagement is vital.In this regard parentAs one
youth-council meeting attended by one of the students and was ultimately among the top two projects voted on by members of the community. The proposal was refined and incorporated into a memorandum of agreement (see Appendix A) with two community partners, the West Bank Community Coalition (WBCC) and the Riverside Plaza Tenants Association (RPTA).
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