ARCHIVED: How AWS Pricing Works: AWS Pricing Overview

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How AWS Pricing WorksdeAWS Pricing OverviewvihOctober 30, 2020This paper has been archived.For the latest technical guidance on How AWS PricingWorks, howaws-pricing-works/welcome.htmlcrA

NoticesCustomers are responsible for making their own independent assessment of theinformation in this document. This document: (a) is for informational purposes only, (b)represents current AWS product offerings and practices, which are subject to changewithout notice, and (c) does not create any commitments or assurances from AWS andits affiliates, suppliers or licensors. AWS products or services are provided “as is”without warranties, representations, or conditions of any kind, whether express orimplied. The responsibilities and liabilities of AWS to its customers are controlled byAWS agreements, and this document is not part of, nor does it modify, any agreementbetween AWS and its customers.vihde 2020 Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.crA

ContentsIntroduction .1Key principles .1Understand the fundamentals of pricing.1Start early with cost optimization .2Maximize the power of flexibility .2deUse the right pricing model for the job .2Get started with the AWS Free Tier .312 Months Free .3vihAlways Free .4Trials .4AWS Pricing/TCO Tools .4AWS Pricing Calculator .5crAMigration Evaluator .5Pricing details for individual services .6Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).6AWS Lambda .10Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) .11Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) .12Amazon S3 Glacier .13AWS Outposts .14AWS Snow Family.16Amazon RDS.18Amazon DynamoDB.19Amazon CloudFront .23Amazon Kendra.23Amazon Kinesis.25

AWS IoT Events .27AWS Cost Optimization .28Choose the right pricing models .28Match Capacity with Demand .28Implement processes to identify resource waste .29AWS Support Plan Pricing .30Cost calculation examples .30deAWS Cloud cost calculation example .30Hybrid cloud cost calculation example .33Conclusion .37vihContributors .38Further Reading .38Document Revisions.39crA

AbstractAmazon Web Services (AWS) helps you move faster, reduce IT costs, and attain globalscale through a broad set of global compute, storage, database, analytics, application,and deployment services. One of the main benefits of cloud services is the ability itgives you to optimize costs to match your needs, even as those needs change overtime.crAvihde

Amazon Web ServicesHow AWS Pricing WorksIntroductionAWS has the services to help you build sophisticated applications with increasedflexibility, scalability and reliability. Whether you're looking for compute power, databasestorage, content delivery, or other functionality, with AWS you pay only for the individualservices you need, for as long as you use them, without complex licensing. AWS offersyou a variety of pricing models for over 160 cloud services. You only pay for theservices you consume, and once you stop using them, there are no additional costs ortermination fees. This whitepaper provides an overview of how AWS pricing worksacross some of the most widely used services. The latest pricing information for eachAWS service is available at http://aws.amazon.com/pricing/.devihKey principlesAlthough pricing models vary across services, it’s worthwhile to review key principlesand best practices that are broadly applicable.Understand the fundamentals of pricingcrAThere are three fundamental drivers of cost with AWS: compute, storage, and outbounddata transfer. These characteristics vary somewhat, depending on the AWS productand pricing model you choose.In most cases, there is no charge for inbound data transfer or for data transfer betweenother AWS services within the same Region. There are some exceptions, so be sure toverify data transfer rates before beginning. Outbound data transfer is aggregated acrossservices and then charged at the outbound data transfer rate. This charge appears onthe monthly statement as AWS Data Transfer Out. The more data you transfer, the lessyou pay per GB. For compute resources, you pay hourly from the time you launch aresource until the time you terminate it, unless you have made a reservation for whichthe cost is agreed upon beforehand. For data storage and transfer, you typically pay perGB.Except as otherwise noted, AWS prices are exclusive of applicable taxes and duties,including VAT and sales tax. For customers with a Japanese billing address, use ofAWS is subject to Japanese Consumption Tax. For more information, see Amazon WebServices Consumption Tax FAQ.Page 1

Amazon Web ServicesHow AWS Pricing WorksStart early with cost optimizationThe cloud allows you to trade fixed expenses (such as data centers and physicalservers) for variable expenses, and only pay for IT as you consume it. And, because ofthe economies of scale, the variable expenses are much lower than what you would payto do it yourself. Whether you started in the cloud, or you are just starting your migrationjourney to the cloud, AWS has a set of solutions to help you manage and optimize yourspend. This includes services, tools, and resources to organize and track cost andusage data, enhance control through consolidated billing and access permission,enable better planning through budgeting and forecasts, and further lower cost withresources and pricing optimizations. To learn how you can optimize and save coststoday, visit AWS Cost Optimization.Maximize the power of flexibilitydevihAWS services are priced independently, transparently, and available on-demand, soyou can choose and pay for exactly what you need. You may also choose to savemoney through a reservation model. By paying for services on an as-needed basis, youcan redirect your focus to innovation and invention, reducing procurement complexityand enabling your business to be fully elastic.crAOne of the key advantages of cloud-based resources is that you don’t pay for themwhen they’re not running. By turning off instances you don’t use, you can reduce costsby 70 percent or more compared to using them 24/7. This enables you to be costefficient and, at the same time, have all the power you need when workloads are active.Use the right pricing model for the jobAWS offers several pricing models depending on product. These include: On-Demand Instances let you pay for compute or database capacity by thehour or second (minimum of 60 seconds) depending on which instances you runwith no long-term commitments or upfront payments.Savings Plans are a flexible pricing model that offer low prices on AmazonEC2, AWS Lambda and AWS Fargate usage, in exchange for a commitment toa consistent amount of usage (measured in /hour) for a one- or three-yearterm.Page 2

Amazon Web ServicesHow AWS Pricing Works Spot Instances are an Amazon EC2 pricing mechanism that let you requestspare computing capacity with no upfront commitment and at discounted hourlyrate (up to 90% off the on-demand price). Reservations provide you with the ability to receive a greater discount, up to 75percent, by paying for capacity ahead of time. For more details, see theOptimizing costs with reservations section.Get started with the AWS Free TierdeThe AWS Free Tier enables you to gain free, hands-on experience with more than 60products on AWS platform. AWS Free Tier includes the following free offer types: 12 Months Free – These tier offers include 12 months free usage following yourinitial sign-up date to AWS. When your 12 month free usage term expires, or ifyour application use exceeds the tiers, you simply pay standard, pay-as-you-goservice rates. Always Free – These free tier offers do not expire and are available to all AWScustomers. crAvihTrials – These offers are short term free trials starting from date you activate aparticular service. Once the trial period expires, you simply pay standard, pay-asyou-go service rates.This section lists some of the most commonly used AWS Free Tier services. Terms andconditions apply. For the full list of AWS Free Tier services, see AWS Free Tier.12 Months Free Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2): 750 hours per month of Linux,RHEL, or SLES t2.micro/t3.micro instance usage or 750 hours per month ofWindows t2.micro/t3.micro instance usage dependent on Region.Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3): 5 GB of Amazon S3 standardstorage, 20,000 Get Requests, and 2,000 Put Requests.Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS): 750 hours of AmazonRDS Single-AZ db.t2.micro database usage for running MySQL, PostgreSQL,MariaDB, Oracle BYOL, or SQL Server (running SQL Server Express Edition);20 GB of general purpose SSD database storage and 20 GB of storage fordatabase backup and DB snapshots.Page 3

Amazon Web Services How AWS Pricing WorksAmazon CloudFront: 50 GB Data Transfer Out and 2,000,000 HTTP andHTTPS Requests each month.Always Free Amazon DynamoDB: Up to 200 million requests per month (25 Write Capacityunits and 25 Read Capacity units); 25 GB of storage. Amazon S3 Glacier: Retrieve up to 10 GB of your Amazon S3 Glacier data permonth for free (applies to standard retrievals using the Glacier API only). AWS Lambda: 1 million free requests per month; up to 3.2 million seconds ofcompute time per month.Trials devihAmazon SageMaker: 250 hours per month of t2.medium notebook,50 hours permonth of m4.xlarge for training, 125 hours per month of m4.xlarge for hostingfor the first two months.crAAmazon Redshift: 750 hours per month for free, enough hours to continuouslyrun one DC2.Large node with 160GB of compressed SSD storage. You canalso build clusters with multiple nodes to test larger data sets, which willconsume your free hours more quickly. Once your two month free trial expiresor your usage exceeds 750 hours per month, you can shut down your cluster toavoid any charges, or keep it running at the standard On-Demand Rate.The AWS Free Tier is not available in the AWS GovCloud (US) Regions or the China(Beijing) Region at this time. The Lambda Free Tier is available in the AWS GovCloud(US) Region.AWS Pricing/TCO ToolsTo get the most out of your estimates, you should have a good idea of your basicrequirements. For example, if you're going to try Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud(Amazon EC2), it might help if you know what kind of operating system you need, whatyour memory requirements are, and how much I/O you need. You should also decidewhether you need storage, such as if you're going to run a database and how long youintend to use the servers. You don't need to make these decisions before generating anestimate, though. You can play around with the service configuration and parameters toPage 4

Amazon Web ServicesHow AWS Pricing Workssee which options fit your use case and budget best. For more information about AWSservice pricing, see AWS Services Pricing.AWS offers couple of tools (free of cost) for you to use. If the workload details andservices to be used are identified, AWS pricing calculator can help with calculating thetotal cost of ownership. Migration Evaluator helps with inventorying your existingenvironment, identifying workload information, and designing and planning your AWSmigration.AWS Pricing CalculatordeAWS Pricing Calculator is a web based service that you can use to create costestimates to suit your AWS use cases. AWS Pricing Calculator is useful both for peoplewho have never used AWS and for those who want to reorganize or expand theirusage.vihAWS Pricing Calculator allows you to explore AWS services based on your use casesand create a cost estimate. You can model your solutions before building them, explorethe price points and calculations behind your estimate, and find the available instancetypes and contract terms that meet your needs. This enables you to make informeddecisions about using AWS. You can plan your AWS costs and usage or price outsetting up a new set of instances and services.crAAWS Pricing Calculator is free for use. It provides an estimate of your AWS fees andcharges. The estimate doesn't include any taxes that might apply to the fees andcharges. AWS Pricing Calculator provides pricing details for your information only. AWSPricing Calculator provides a console interface at https://calculator.aws/#/.Migration EvaluatorMigration Evaluator (Formerly TSO Logic) is a complimentary service to create datadriven business cases for AWS Cloud planning and migration.Creating business cases on your own can be a time-consuming process and does notalways identify the most cost-effective deployment and purchasing options. MigrationEvaluator quickly provides a business case to make sound AWS planning and migrationdecisions. With Migration Evaluator, your organization can build a data-driven businesscase for AWS, gets access to AWS expertise, visibility into the costs associated withmultiple migration strategies, and insights on how reusing existing software licensingreduces costs further.Page 5

Amazon Web ServicesHow AWS Pricing WorksA business case is the first step in the AWS migration journey. Beginning with onpremises inventory discovery, you can choose to upload exports from 3rd party tools orinstall a complimentary agentless collector to monitor Windows, Linux and SQL Serverfootprints. As part of a white-gloved experience, Migration Evaluator includes a team ofprogram managers and solution architects to capture your migration objective and useanalytics to narrow down the subset of migration patterns best suited to your businessneeds. The results are captured in a transparent business case which aligns businessand technology stakeholders to provide a prescriptive next step in your migrationjourney.deMigration Evaluator service analyzes an enterprise’s compute footprint, including serverconfiguration, utilization, annual costs to operate, eligibility for bring-your-own-license,and hundreds of other parameters. It then statistically models utilization patterns,matching each workload with optimized placements in the AWS Amazon Elastic CloudCompute and Amazon Elastic Block Store. Finally, it outputs a business case with acomparison of the current-state against multiple future-state configurations showing theflexibility of AWS.vihFor more information, see Migration Evaluator.crAPricing details for individual servicesDifferent types of services lend themselves to different pricing models. For example,Amazon EC2 pricing varies by instance type, whereas the Amazon Aurora databaseservice includes charges for data input/output (I/O) and storage. This section providesan overview of pricing concepts and examples for few AWS services. You can alwaysfind current price information for each AWS service at AWS Pricing.Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides secure,resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale cloudcomputing easier for developers. The simple web service interface of Amazon EC2allows you to obtain and configure capacity with minimal friction with complete control ofyour computing resources.Amazon EC2 reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server instances inminutes, allowing you to quickly scale capacity, both up and down, as your computingrequirements change.Page 6

Amazon Web ServicesHow AWS Pricing WorksPricing models for Amazon EC2There are five ways to pay for Amazon EC2 instances: On-Demand Instances, SavingsPlans, Reserved Instances, and Spot Instances.On-Demand InstancesWith On-Demand Instances, you pay for compute capacity per hour or per second,depending on which instances you run. No long-term commitments or upfront paymentsare required. You can increase or decrease your compute capacity to meet thedemands of your application and only pay the specified hourly rates for the instance youuse. On-Demand Instances are recommended for the following use cases:de Users who prefer the low cost and flexibility of Amazon EC2 without upfrontpayment or long-term commitments Applications with short-term, spiky, or unpredictable workloads that cannot beinterrupted Applications being developed or tested on Amazon EC2 for the first timeSavings PlanscrAvihSavings Plans are a flexible pricing model that offer low prices on

Amazon Web Services How AWS Pricing Works Page 5 see which options fit your use case and budget best. For more information about AWS service pricing, see AWS Services Pricing. AWS offers couple of tools (free of cost) for you to use. If the workload details and services to be used are identified, AWS pricing calculator can help with calculating the

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