MNL-15(16) ACI Field Reference Manual

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An ACI ManualField Reference ManualACI 301-16 Specifications for Structural Concretewith Selected ACI ReferencesMNL-15(16)

FIELD REFERENCE MANUALSpecifications forStructural ConcreteACI 301-16with selected ACI referencesPUBLICATION MNL-15(16)American Concrete InstituteFarmington Hills, MI

9Specifications for Structural ConcreteSpecifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and MaterialsGuide for Tolerance Compatibility in Concrete ConstructionGuide for Submittal of Concrete ProportionsCauses, Evaluation and Repair of Cracks in Concrete StructuresGuide for Concrete Floor and Slab ConstructionGuide for Concrete Slabs that Receive Moisture-Sensitive FlooringGuide to Cast-in-Place Architectural Concrete PracticeGuide for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting, and Placing ConcretePlacing Concrete by Pumping MethodsPlacing Concrete with Belt ConveyorsGuide to Hot Weather ConcretingSpecification for Hot Weather ConcretingGuide to Cold Weather ConcretingStandard Specification for Cold Weather ConcretingGuide to External Curing of ConcreteSpecification for Curing ConcreteGuide for Consolidation of ConcreteGuide to Formwork for ConcreteGuide to Formed Concrete SurfacesSpecification for Unbonded Single-Strand Tendon MaterialsSpecification for Tolerances for Precast ConcreteCopyright 2016, American Concrete Institute, 38800 Country Club Dr., Farmington Hills, MI 48331Printed in the United States of America.First Printing, June 2016.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any formor by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by any electronic or mechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device,unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors.ISBN: 978-1-942727-92-7

ACI 301-16Specifications for Structural ConcreteAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Committee 301James N. Cornell, ChairMichelle L. Wilson, SecretaryVoting MembersJon B. ArdahlRoger J. BeckerNicholas J. CarinoDomingo J. CarreiraMark F. ChrzanowskiTeck L. ChuaAnthony R. DeCarlo Jr.*Christopher C. FerraroSidney FreedmanJohn W. Gajda*Thomas M. GreeneDavid P. GustafsonCharles S. HanskatKenneth C. HoverSteven C. Jaycox*Larry B. Krauser*Colin L. LoboWard R. MalischFrank Stephen MalitsW. Calvin McCallDavid R. NauAimee PergalskyHenry B. Prenger*G. Michael RobinsonRichard S. SzecsyScott M. Tarr*Daniel B. Toon*John B. TurnerMiroslav F. VejvodaArthur T. Weiss Jr.Michael A. WhisonantDennis M. Wittry**Subcommittee Chairs.Subcommittee MembersAsit N. BaxiJason P. BrayKenneth CarlsonRamon L. CarrasquilloSteven R. CloseStephen J. CrawfordJack L. DavidDaniel P. DorfmuellerChris ForsterWilliam A. GiorgiTodd R. HawkinsonMichael G. HernandezGardner P. HorstJohn C. HukeyRobert S. JenkinsRoger S. JohnstonAlfred L. Kaufman Jr.Robert G. KentNeel R. KhosaDonald P. KlineLionel A. LemayKevin A. MacDonaldArthur W. McKinney†Andrew S. McPhersonBrian D. MillerHarry R. Moss Jr.Theodore L. NeffJoseph F. Neuber JrLance OsbourneJohn W. RohrerDavid B. ScottMatthew J. SheehanEdith G. SmithJason SwagertKuntay L. TalayMichael D. A. ThomasRalph H. TulisGregory R. WagnerWilliam H. WolfeZuming Xia†Deceased.Consulting MemberEric S. Petersonmass concrete, post-tensioned concrete, shrinkage-compensatingconcrete, industrial floor slabs, tilt-up construction, precast structural concrete, and precast architectural concrete.This is a Reference Specification that the Architect/Engineer canapply to any construction project involving structural concrete byciting it in the Project Specifications. A mandatory requirementschecklist and an optional requirements checklist are provided toassist the Architect/Engineer in supplementing the provisions ofthis Specification as required or needed by designating or specifying individual project requirements.The first five sections of this Specification cover general construction requirements for cast-in-place structural concrete and slabson-ground. These sections cover materials and proportioning ofconcrete; reinforcement and prestressing steel; production, placing,finishing, and curing of concrete; formwork performance criteriaand construction; treatment of joints; embedded items; repair ofsurface defects; and finishing of formed and unformed surfaces.Provisions governing testing, evaluation, and acceptance of concreteas well as acceptance of the structures are included. The remainingsections are devoted to architectural concrete, lightweight concrete,Keywords: architectural; cold weather; compressive strength; consolidation; curing; durability; finish; formwork; grouting; hot weather; industrialfloors; inspection; joints; lightweight concrete; mass concrete; mixtureproportions; placing; post-tensioned; precast; prestressing steel; repair;reshoring; shoring; shrinkage-compensating; slab; slabs-on-ground; steelreinforcement; testing; tilt-up; tolerance; welded wire.ACI 301-16 supersedes ACI 301-10, was adopted April 1, 2016, and publishedMay 2016.Copyright 2016, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or byany means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission inwriting is obtained from the copyright proprietors.1

2SPECIFICATIONS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE (ACI 301-16)CONTENTSSECTION 1—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, p. 21.1—Scope, p. 21.2—Interpretation, p. 31.3—Definitions, p. 31.4—Referenced standards, p. 51.5—Submittals, p. 81.6—Testing and inspection, p. 81.7—Acceptance of structure, p. 101.8—Protection of in-place concrete, p. 11SECTION 2—FORMWORK AND FORMWORKACCESSORIES, p. 112.1—General, p. 112.2—Products, p. 122.3—Execution, p. 12SECTION 3—REINFORCEMENT ANDREINFORCEMENT SUPPORTS, p. 143.1—General, p. 143.2—Products, p. 143.3—Execution, p. 16SECTION 4—CONCRETE MIXTURES, p. 184.1—General, p. 184.2—Products, p. 184.3—Execution, p. 23SECTION 5—HANDLING, PLACING, ANDCONSTRUCTING, p. 235.1—General, p. 235.2—Products, p. 245.3—Execution, p. 24SECTION 6—ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE, p. 286.1—General, p. 286.2—Products, p. 286.3—Execution, p. 29SECTION 7—LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE, p. 317.1—General, p. 317.2—Products, p. 317.3—Execution, p. 31SECTION 8—MASS CONCRETE, p. 318.1—General, p. 318.2—Products, p. 318.3—Execution, p. 32SECTION 9—POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE, p. 329.1—General, p. 329.2—Products, p. 349.3—Execution, p. 35SECTION 10—SHRINKAGE-COMPENSATINGCONCRETE FOR INTERIOR SLABS, p. 3810.1—General, p. 3810.2—Products, p. 3810.3—Execution, p. 38SECTION 11—INDUSTRIAL FLOOR SLABS, p. 3811.1—General, p. 3811.2—Products, p. 3911.3—Execution, p. 39SECTION 12—TILT-UP CONSTRUCTION, p. 4012.1—General, p. 4012.2—Products, p. 4112.3—Execution, p. 41SECTION 13—PRECAST STRUCTURALCONCRETE, p. 4213.1—General, p. 4213.2—Products, p. 4313.3—Execution, p. 46SECTION 14—PRECAST ARCHITECTURALCONCRETE, p. 4814.1—General, p. 4814.2—Products, p. 4914.3—Execution, p. 51NOTES TO SPECIFIER (Nonmandatory), p. 51General notes, p. 51Foreword to checklists, p. 52SECTION 1—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS(a) Manufactured concrete products specified by ASTMstandards(b) Environmental concrete structures(c) Heavyweight shielding concrete(d) Paving concrete(e) Terrazzo(f) Insulating concrete(g) Refractory concrete(h) Nuclear containment structures(i) Concrete piles; drilled piers; and caissons assigned toSeismic Design Categories A, B, and C(j) Fire safety (Underwriter Laboratories [UL] designs)(k) Shotcrete(l) Slipformed concrete walls1.1.6 This Specification governs if there is a conflict withreferenced materials and testing standards.1.1.7 Contractor is permitted to submit written alternatives to any provision in this Specification.1.1—Scope1.1.1 This Specification covers construction of cast-inplace concrete, architectural concrete, lightweight concrete,mass concrete, post-tensioned concrete, shrinkage-compensating concrete, industrial floor slabs cast on ground, tilt-upconstruction, precast structural concrete, and precast architectural concrete.1.1.2 Sections 1 through 5 apply to projects where this Specification is referenced. Work covered by Sections 6 through 14apply only if that Work is designated in Contract Documents.1.1.3 This Specification becomes part of the ContractDocument and provides requirements for Contractor.1.1.4 This Specification governs for construction within itsscope, except Contract Documents govern if there is a conflict.1.1.5 Work not specified—The following Work is not inthe scope of this Specification:American Concrete Institute – Copyrighted Material – www.concrete.org

SPECIFICATIONS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE (ACI 301-16) 1.1.8 Ignore provisions of this Specification that are notapplicable to the Work.1.1.9 Units—Values in this Specification are stated ininch-pound units.1.1.10 Unless otherwise stated, the inch-pound system ofunits shall be applicable in ASTM combined standards referenced in this Specification.1.1.11 The Notes to Specifier are not part of this Specification.1.2—Interpretation1.2.1 Unless otherwise explicitly stated, this Specificationshall be interpreted using the following principles:1.2.1.1 Interpret this Specification consistent with theplain meaning of the words and terms used.1.2.1.2 Definitions provided in this Specification governover the definitions of the same or similar words or termsfound elsewhere.1.2.1.3 Headings are part of this Specification and areintended to identify the scope of the provisions or sectionsthat follow. If there is a difference in meaning or implicationbetween the text of a provision and a heading, the meaningof the text governs.1.2.1.4 Notes to a table are part of this Specification.The meaning of the provision text governs in the event of adifference in meaning or implication between the provisiontext and a note to a table.1.2.1.5 If a provision of this Specification involves two ormore items, conditions, requirements, or events connectedby the conjunctions “and” or “or,” interpret the conjunctionas follows:(a) “And” indicates that all of the connected items, conditions, requirements, or events apply.(b) “Or” indicates that the connected items, conditions,requirements, or events apply singularly.1.2.1.6 The use of the verbs “may” or “will” indicates thatthe specification provision is for information to Contractor.1.2.1.7 The phrase “as indicated in Contract Documents”means the specifier included the provision requirements inContract Documents.1.2.1.8 The phrase “unless otherwise specified” meansthe specifier may have included an alternative to the defaultrequirement in Contract Documents.1.3—Definitionsacceptable or accepted—determined to be satisfactory byArchitect/Engineer.acceptance—acknowledgment by Architect/Engineerthat submittal or completed Work is acceptable.ACI Concrete Field Testing Technician Grade I—aperson who has demonstrated knowledge and ability toperform and record the results of ASTM standard tests onfreshly mixed concrete and to make and cure test specimens; knowledge and ability shall be demonstrated bypassing prescribed written and performance examinationsand having credentials that are current with the AmericanConcrete Institute.aggressive environment—an environment that exposes astructure to moisture and external sources of chlorides from3deicing chemicals, salt, brackish water, seawater, or sprayfrom these sources; for stressing pockets subject to wettingor direct contact with soils during service.Architect/Engineer or Engineer/Architect—Architect,Engineer, architectural firm, engineering firm, or architectural and engineering firm issuing Contract Documents oradministering the Work under Contract Documents, or both.architectural concrete—concrete that is typicallyexposed to view, is designated as architectural concrete inContract Documents, and therefore requires care in selectionof the concrete materials, forming, placing, and finishing toobtain the desired architectural appearance.backshores—shores placed snugly under a concrete slabor structural member after the original formwork and shoreshave been removed from a small area at a time, withoutallowing the slab or member to deflect, or support its ownweight or existing construction loads.cast-in-place concrete—concrete that is deposited andallowed to harden in the place where it is required to be inthe completed structure.check test—test performed to verify result of previoustest result of freshly-mixed concrete.Contract Documents—a set of documents supplied byOwner to Contractor as the basis for construction; thesedocuments contain contract forms, contract conditions,specifications, drawings, addenda, and contract changes.Contractor—the person, firm, or entity under contract forconstruction of the Work.defective work—construction or material that does notcomply with Contract Documents.design reference sample—sample of precast architectural concrete color, finish, and texture that is submitted forinitial verification of design intent.duct—a conduit in a concrete member to accommodate the prestressing steel of a post-tensioning tendon andprovide an annular space for protective coating.encapsulated tendon—a tendon that is enclosedcompletely in a watertight covering from end to end,including anchorages, sheathing with coating, and caps overthe strand tails.equivalent diameter of bundle—the diameter of a circlehaving an area equal to the sum of the bar areas in a bundleof reinforcing bars.expansive cement—a cement that, when mixed withwater, produces a paste that, after setting, increases involume and is used to compensate for volume decrease dueto shrinkage or

FIELD REFERENCE MANUAL Specifications for Structural Concrete ACI 301-16 with selected ACI references PUBLICATION MNL-15(16) American Concrete Institute

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