Seminar Topic Assignment - TU Wien

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Seminars @ Knowledge-based Systems Group 192-03SS 2018Seminar Topic AssignmentInstitut of Logic and ComputationKnowledge-Based Systems Groupwww.kr.tuwien.ac.at

Empty HeadSeminar TopicsSeminars:ä Seminar in Theoretical Computer Scienceä Seminar in Artificial Intelligenceä Seminar in Logicä Seminar in Knowledge Representation and Reasoningä Seminar in CryptographyTopicsä Refutation Calculi (Tompits)ä Logical Formalisms for Axiomatising Dishonesty (Tompits)ä Quantum Logic: Basics and Proof Theory (Tompits)ä Answer-Set Programming (Tompits)ä Marvin Minsky: “The Emotion Machine” – Towards Affective AIä History of Logic (Tompits, Eiter)ä Data and Knowledge Processing (Eiter)ä Artificial Intelligence (Eiter)ä Cryptography (Egly)ä Solvers and Proof Systems for QBFs (Egly)1/16ä Digital Transformation and AI (Egly)

Empty HeadRefutation Calculi1. T. Skura. Refutation systems in propositional logic. Handbook ofPhilosophical Logic, 2011.2. J. Lukasiewicz. Aristotle’s Syllogistic from the Standpoint ofModern Formal Logic. 1951.3. A. Tamminga. Logics of rejection: two systems of naturaldeduction. Logique & Analyse, 1994.4. U. Wybraniec-Skardowska and J. Waldmajer. On pairs of dualconsequence operations. Logica Universalis, 2011.5. T. Skura. A refutation theory. Logica Universalis, 2009.6. V. Goranko. Refutation systems in modal logic. Studia Logica, 1994.7. R. Dutkiewicz. The method of axiomatic rejection for theintuitionistic propositional calculus. Studia Logica, 1989.8. P. Bonatti, N. Olivetti. Sequent calculi for propositionalnonmonotonic logics. ACM Transactions on Computational Logic,2002.2/16

Empty HeadLogical Formalisms for Axiomatising Dishonesty1. Harry G. Frankfurt: On Bullshit. Princeton Univ. Press, 2005.2. Hans van Ditmarsch, Jan van Eijck, Floor Sietsma, Yanjing Wang:On the Logic of Lying. Games, Actions and Social Software, 2012:3. Hans van Ditmarsch: Dynamics of Lying. Synthese, 2014.4. Ngoc-Hieu Nguyen, T. C. Son, E. Pontelli, C. Sakama: ASP-Prologfor Negotiation among Dishonest Agents. LPNMR 2011.5. Chiaki Sakama: Dishonest Reasoning by Abduction. IJCAI 2011.6. Chiaki Sakama, Tran Cao Son, Enrico Pontelli: A LogicalFormulation for Negotiation among Dishonest Agents. IJCAI 2011.7. Chiaki Sakama: Learning Dishonesty. ILP 2012.8. Chiaki Sakama, Martin Caminada, Andreas Herzig: A FormalAccount of Dishonesty. Logic Journal of the IGPL, 2015.9. Chiaki Sakama, Katsumi Inoue: Abduction, ConversationalImplicature and Misleading in Human Dialogues. Logic Journal ofthe IGPL, 20163/16

Empty HeadQuantum Logic: Basics and Proof Theoryä M. L. Dalla Chiara and R. Giuntini. Quantum Logics. Handbook ofPhilosophical Logic Vol. 6, 2002.ä H. Nishimura. Gentzen Methods in Quantum Logic. Handbook ofQuantum Logic and Quantum Structures, 2009.ä Natural Deduction System for Quantum Logic. In: P. Gibbins,Particles and Paradoxes, Cambridge University Press, 1987.ä N. Kamide. Proof Theory of Paraconsistent Quantum Logic.Journal of Philosophical Logic, 2017.4/16

Empty HeadAnswer-Set Programming (ASP)ä Topic: Applications of controlled-natural language in ASP.ä Selection of works: Erdem & Öztok: Generating Explanations for BiomedicalQueries. Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 15(1),35–78 (2015) Schwitter: The Jobs Puzzle: Taking on the Challenge viaControlled Natural Language Processing. Theory and Practiceof Logic Programming 13(4-5), 487–501 (2013) Fuchs, Kaljurand, & Kuhn: Attempto Controlled English forKnowledge Representation. Proc. 4th International SummerSchool on Reasoning Web, Springer (2008)5/16

Empty HeadMarvin Minsky: “The Emotion Machine” –Towards Affective AIMarvin Minsky: The Emotion Machine—Commonsense Thinking,Artificial Intelligence, and the Future of the Human Mind, 2006“The question is not whether intelligent machines can have anyemotions, but whether machines can be intelligent withoutemotions.”– Marvin Minsky, The Society of Mind, 19856/16

Empty HeadMarvin Minsky: “The Emotion Machine” –Towards Affective AI (ctd.)From the contents:äääääääääFalling in LoveAttachments and GoalsFrom Pain to SufferingConsciousnessLevels of Mental ActivitiesCommon SenseThinkingResourcefulnessThe Self7/16

Empty HeadHistory of Logicä Additional topics not covered in the VO History of Logic.ä Topics:1. Stoic and Megarian logic2. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716): Works about modallogic3. Charles Sanders Peirce (1839 - 1914): Existential Graphs4. The logic of Stanislaw Leśniewski (1886 – 1939)5. David Hilbert und Wilhelm Ackermann: Grundzüge dertheoretischen Logik, 1928From the contents:– Consistency and independence of the axiom systems– The decision procedure– The class calculus (monadic predicate logic)– Second-order predicate logic8/16

Empty HeadHistory of Logic (II)ä Logicomix9/16

Empty HeadHistory of Logic (II)ä Gödel and Carnap in Vienna, Tarski in Vienna10/16

Empty HeadData and Knowledge ProcessingStreaming Data and Stream reasoningä stream query languages and engines (CQEL, csparql, LARS,etalis,. . . )ä temporal logics as a base for stream reasoning linear time logic, temporal ASP, temporal description logics,metric datalog, . . .ä incremental Datalog maintenance (Motik et al.)ä cooperative Intelligent Transports Systems (C-ITS)Answer Set Programming (ASP)ä aggregates in ASP: Smax # max{S : salary (P, S)}ä external information access (dlvhex, clingcon, ASP/SMT)triple(X , Y , Z ) url(File), &rdf [File](X , Y , Z ). // import RDF triples11/16

Empty HeadData and Knowledge Processingä Rule learning: Meta-Interpretative Learning (Muggleton et al.)positive negative examples: learn a set of rules backgroundB {m(ann, bob), f (john, bob), m(sue, ann), f (tim, ann)}, examples E {a(sue, bob), a(tim, bob), a(john, bob)},E {a(bob, tim)}. task: find a (smallest) set of rules which defines aä Combining Machine Learning with Knowledge Representationand Reasoning neural networks with external memory collective classification with semantic constraints12/16

Empty HeadArtificial Intelligenceä Minimal Model computation core problem in KR/AIä Common Sense Book: Common Sense, the Turing Test, and the Quest for RealAI (Book by H. Levesque, 2017) Common Sense Reasoning (Article by Davis)13/16

Empty HeadCryptographyä Modern hash functions likeBlake, Grøstl, Keccak, . . . :Foundations and algorithmsä BlockchainsTheory and applications14/16

Empty HeadSolvers and Proof Systems for QBFsä QBF solving more and more important for practical application(e.g., synthesis)ä What QBF solvers are available, what is their performance?ä Papers Janota, Marques-Silva: Solving QBF by clause selection, IJCAI2015 Rabe, Tentrup: CAQE: A certifing QBF solver, FMCAD 2015 Tu et al.: QELL: QBF reasoning with extended clause learningand levelized SAT solving, SAT 2015.15/16

Empty HeadDigital Transformation and AIä Martin Ford: Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of aJobless Future, Basic Books, 2015 (paperback 2016)ä “The ’Jobless Future’ Is A Myth” (Steve Denning, Forbes) [link]16/16

Seminar Topic Assignment Institut of Logic and Computation Knowledge-Based Systems Group www.kr.tuwien.ac.at. Empty Head Seminar Topics Seminars: ä Seminar in Theoretical Computer Science ä Seminar in Arti cial Intelligence ä Seminar in Logic ä Seminar in Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

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