PLANNING CHALLENGES FOR NET ZERO INSTALLATIONS
PLANNING CHALLENGES FORNET ZERO INSTALLATIONSJerry Zekert, Chief, Master Planning Team,HQUSACEAndrea Kuhn, AICP, LEED Green Associate,Senior Planner, HQ USACEWilliam Goran, Director, Center for theAdvancement of Sustainability Innovations(CASI) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ERDC CERLCyndi Skinner, AICP, Fort Hunter LiggettMichael Case, PhD, Net Zero Program Manager,USACE ERDC CERLUS Army Corps of EngineersBUILDINGSTRONG
APA Session Plan 17 APRTopicSpeakerTime(AM)Introduction to MilitaryBases and Planning atMilitary BasesJerry Zekert, Chief, MasterPlanning Team, and AndreaKuhn, AICP, LEED GreenAssociate, Senior Planner,HQUSACE, U.S. Army Corps ofEngineers10:30-10:50The Army’s Net ZeroInitiativeWilliam Goran, Director, CASI,U.S. Army Corps of Engineers10:50-11:00Progressing Towards NetZero - Installation PlanningPerspectiveCyndi Skinner, AICP, Ft.Hunter-Liggett, CA11:00-11:20Net Zero TechnologyCapabilities andDemonstrationMichael Case, USACE-ERDC,Champaign IL11:20-11:35DiscussionAll11:35-11:45APA April 2012
Moving to Net ZeroThe Role of Master PlanningJerry Zekert, Chief, Master Planning Team, HQUSACE, andAndrea Kuhn, AICP, LEED Green Associate, Senior Planner, HQUSACEPolicy AlignmentSustainable Planning in the DODThe Problem: Energy Inefficient DevelopmentThe Costs of Energy Inefficient DevelopmentThe Solution: An Enterprise Approach to Energy EfficientDevelopment
Executive Order 13514FEDERAL LEADERSHIP IN ENVIRONMENTAL, ENERGY, AND ECONOMICPERFORMANCE (5 Oct 2009)It is therefore the policy of the United States that Federal agenciesshall increase energy efficiency; measure, report, and reduce theirgreenhouse gas emissions from direct and indirect activities; conserveand protect water resources through efficiency, reuse, and stormwatermanagement; eliminate waste, recycle, and prevent pollution;leverage agency acquisitions to foster markets for sustainabletechnologies and environmentally preferable materials, products, andservices; design, construct, maintain, and operate high performancesustainable buildings in sustainable locations; strengthen the vitalityand livability of the communities in which Federal facilities arelocated; and inform Federal employees about and involve them inthe achievement of these goals.Ensure “that planning for new Federal facilities or new leases includesconsideration of sites that are pedestrian friendly, near existingemployment centers, and accessible to public transit, and emphasizesexisting central cities and, in rural communities, existing or planned towncenters.”4
ACSIM PolicySustainable planning leads to lasting development by meetingpresent mission requirements without compromising the abilityof future generations to meet their needs.The goal of such development is to make the most effective use oflimited resources, reduce fossil fuel use, and increase alternative fueluse, and to create more compact and sustainable communitiesthat still meet security and safety requirements.Planners will incorporate the following key principles of sustainableplanning in their Master Plans, area development plans, and otherplanning products: compact development infill development transit-oriented development horizontal and vertical mixed-uses connected transportation networks low impact development multi-story construction narrow buildings5
The Problem:Energy-InefficientDevelopment6
Installation Challenge: Inefficient apabilitiesOlympia WAJBLMEnergyInefficient7
Energy InefficientKEY FINDINGS1. Interior lighting andHVAC account for 54%of total energyconsumption2. Strategies that canreduce need for interiorlighting and HVAC willproduce biggestbenefits- Narrow Wings- Operable WindowsBottom LineTo significantly reduceenergy use, planning ofthe built environmentmust accommodatenarrow wings.Estimates of Energy Consumption by Building Type and End Use at U.S. Army Installations by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1996.8
The Costs ofEnergy-InefficientDevelopment9
Air PollutionDriving a car is probably a typical citizen’s mostpolluting daily activity.EPA10
Climate ChangeClimate Change, Energy and DoD“Climate change and energy willplay significant roles in the futuresecurity environment. Climatechange will shape the operatingenvironment, roles, and missionsthat we undertake.[and]. DoDwill need to adjust to the impactsof climate change on our facilitiesand military capabilities. TheDepartment is developingpolicies and plans to manage theeffects of climate change on itsoperating environment, missions,and facilities.”DoD Quadrennial DefenseReview, 201011
Development EconomicsROADS 25%UTILITIES 15%SCHOOLS 5%Source: Economic and Fiscal Impacts of AlternativeLand Use Patterns, by Robert Burchell, Rutgers University12
Land Consumptionarea for a pedestrian (4sf)area for a car (1400sf)13
The Solution:An Enterprise Approach toEnergy-EfficientDevelopment14
New GuidanceAll services are now engaged in updating the UFC for master planningEmbed key planning strategies DOD-wideCreate a common approach to planning through all the servicesAdopt best business practices for sustainability and energy efficiencyDraft Signed June 2012 (expected)15
Master Planning UFC: 10 Planning StrategiesSustainable PlanningArea Development PlanningNatural and Cultural ResourceManagementNetwork PlanningForm-Based PlanningHealthy Community PlanningFacility StandardizationDefensible PlanningPlan-Based ProgrammingCapacity Planning- Build more compactly- Focus on infill development- Use vertical and horizontal mixed use- Plan for transit-oriented development- Design with multi-story construction- Support energy-efficiency with narrowbuildings16
ConsistentProcessandProducts17
Master Planning Performance IndicatorsEstablish 3 Tier suite of Master Planning PerformanceTier 1. Product Compliance. Ensuring planning products aremaintained.Tier 2. Strategy Compliance. Ensuring that all planning anddevelopment initiatives follow the 10 strategies.Tier 3. Principle Compliance. Ensuring Planning Practicesare followed. (LEED-ND like criteria).Master Planning Competency. Highly recommendscontinuing education to maintain planning competencies.18
Master Planning PracticesAll installations must have an approved master planConsistent Site Approval ProcessFollowing traditional City planning practicesAll development will comply with the master plan, to include planningCode, and site criteria.Includes all development.Installation Planning BoardOversees Master Planning PracticesRequires inter-governmental coordination19
Component ImplementationARMY: AR 210-20, Real Property Master Planning is beingUpdated to comply with UFC update; issue July 2012AIR FORCE: Base Comprehensive Planning is also being updatedTo comply with UFC update: target publication Summer 201220
Integration: Sustainability, Energy and Net-ZeroPROPOSED policy updates require concepts of sustainability, EnergyEfficiency and Net Zero into planning practices.Using the planning process, we have developed an integrated development strategyfor installations, using all resource streamsNatick Soldier System Center USACE-led master plan lays out development plan toachieve goals for sustainability, energy and net-zero.Ft Hood USACE-led master plan process focuses on energy-efficient masterplanning – bringing sustainability concepts to TexasMarine Corps Air Station Miramar incorporates enterprise approach to sustainableand energy-efficient master planningMaster Planning Sustainability and Energy Factors class teaches planners how toapply sustainability energy factors to planning, calculate savings, return ofinvestments using holistic solutions SRM, MILCON and other peoples money.21
Energy – Sustainability - CollaborationFort Hood: Compact DevelopmentEnergy EducationMr. Joe Calcara briefing classparticipants (San Francisco, March 2012)Mr. Allan Carroll working with classparticipants (Vicenza, March 2012)
Energy and Sustainability: Natick100%Projected energy requirement formaster plan21,651,884kWh requirement64.6%Energy requirement after sustainableplanning efforts (35.4% reduction)12,538,491kWh requirement100%64.6% 28.3%28.3%Energy requirement after on-siterenewable energy generation (36.3%reduction)7,993,083kWh requirement23
Energy and Sustainability: NatickWalkablecampusdevelopmentreduces vehiclemiles andsupports districtenergy solutionsNew on-basehousing reducesvehicle miles andsupports andsupports 24/7district energysolutionsNarrow wing infilldevelopment supportsplanned growth inenergy-efficientbuildings that may usehalf the energy ofstandard buildings.24
The Army’s Net Zero InitiativeWilliam D. GoranU.S. Army Corps of EngineersEngineer Research and Development CenterConstruction Engineering Research LabP.O. Box 9005, Champaign IL 61826Phone 217-373-6735william.d.goran@us.army.milSlides from: Assistant Secretary of theArmy, Installations, Energy and EnvironmentUS Army Corps of EngineersBUILDING STRONG APA April 201225
Net Zero Hierarchy A Net Zero ENERGY Installation is aninstallation that produces as much energyon site as it uses, over the course of a year. A Net Zero WATER Installation limits theconsumption of freshwater resources andreturns water back to the same watershedso not to deplete the groundwater andsurface water resources of that region inquantity or quality.“The primary goal is a focus toward net zero and whenwe talk about net zero, it's not only net zero energy, butit's net zero energy, water, and waste. When you look atthe term "net zero" or a hierarchy of net zero you muststart with reduction, then progress through repurposing,recycling, energy recovery, disposal being the last.“— HON Katherine Hammack, DoD BloggersRoundtable, 10 October 2010 A Net Zero WASTE Installation is aninstallation that reduces, reuses, andrecovers waste streams, converting them toresource values with zero solid waste tolandfill. A Net ZERO INSTALLATION applies anintegrated approach to management ofenergy, water, and waste to capture andcommercialize the resource value and/orenhance the ecological productivity of land,water, and air.26
Net Zero Pilot Installations27
Net Zero EnergyA Net Zero ENERGY Installation isan installation that produces as muchenergy on site as it uses, over thecourse of a year.Goals: Contribute to the Army Campaign Plan’s objective of energy security for the ArmyAddress energy efficiency and conservation firstPreference for use of renewable energy for on-site power; enables operation if grid goes downMust address redundant energy supply sources̶ Can the installation function for long periods of time during supply disruptions affecting theelectric grid, natural gas pipeline, propane & fuel oil deliveries, etc. Applies to both electrical and thermal energy Behavioral change are necessary to change culture Must be fiscally responsibleAPA April 201228
Energy RoadmapsExample InstallationEnergy 50,000Site Btus Energy Baseline Energy EfficiencyAssessments Renewable EnergyAssessments Energy SecurityAssessments Energy Project List andImplementationRecommendationsPV200,000Solar APA April 20122011201220132014201520162017201820192020Year29
Net Zero Water StrategyReductionRe-PurposeRecycling &CompostingEnergyRecoveryDisposalGoals:A Net Zero WATER Installationlimits the consumption offreshwater resources & returnswater back to the same watershedso not to deplete the groundwaterand surface water resources ofthat region in quantity and qualityover the course of a year Contribute to the Army Campaign Plan’s water security Major Objective Reduce freshwater demand through water efficiency and conservation Access/develop alternate water sources to offset freshwater demand Develop water-efficient green infrastructure Implement low-impact development to manage storm waterAPA April 201230
Net Zero – Water BalanceWater Balance comparison of watersupplied to water used.WaterSupplyWater UseMunicipalIndoor building 0.25On-site surfacewaterCooling/Process0.20.15On-site groundIrrigation0.1AlternatewaterLosses0.05031
Net Zero Waste StrategyPilot Installations should have a comprehensiveprogram that starts at the top of the hierarchyWaste avoidance viaprocurement practices& other pollutionprevention (P2) effortsAll recyclable orcompostable wastecollected & diverted (toon- or off-postfacilities)Waste-to-Energy ash (ifnot further diverted) &any limited specialwastesInstallation re-use centers &efforts to match wastestream ‘products’ withpotential users (e.g., crusheddrywall used for soilamendment; construction &demolition (C&D) debrisreuse)Waste that can’t be reused, recycled, orcomposted is sent to aWTE plant (on- or offpost)APA April 201232
Waste RoadmapsAPA April 2012Example InstallationWaste ProducedProfileTons ofWaste Material flow analysis Improved procurementpractices Re-purpose / re-usestrategy Recycling & compostingstrategy Potentially viable wasteto-energy technologiesYear33
Leveraging Private InvestmentsPotential Financing Mechanisms Energy Savings Performance Contracts (ESPC)Utilize private capital to make infrastructure improvements on militaryinstallationsPayment is derived from the savings generated by the improvements –Savings are verified through Measurement & Verification (M&V)̶̶ Utility Energy Service Contracts (UESC)Procurement method using utility expertise & capital to meet Federalconservation mandatesUtility’s costs repaid directly from installation’s avoided costs resulting fromproject implementation̶̶ Enhanced Use Lease (EUL)Funding method for construction on installations by allowing a privatedeveloper to lease underutilized propertyPayment usually in the form of power back to the installation̶̶ Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)̶Allow federal agencies to fund on-site renewable energy projects with noupfront capital costs incurred34
Master Planning Challengesat a Net Zero InstallationCyndi Skinner, AICPChief of Master Planning & Real PropertyDirectorate of Public Works232 California AvenueUSAG Fort Hunter Liggett, CA 93930cyndi.skinner@us.army.mil
USAG Fort Hunter Liggett is an ArmyReserve installation in California’s CentralCoast regionAPA April 201236
Federal Installation Energy & Sustainability MandatesMandate TopicEnergy use in Federal buildingsGHG emission reductionEnergy metering for improvedenergy managementElectricity use for federalgovernment from renewablesourcesTotal consumption fromrenewable sourcesEnergy & Sustainability Performance Target [Source] Reduce 3% per year to total by 30% by 2015 (2003 baseline) [EO 13423, EISA 2007] Identify GHG emission reduction targets to be met by 2020 from 2008 baseline [EO 13514] Army target – 34% [SA Memo to OSD] Meter electricity by Oct 2012 [EPACT 2005] Meter natural gas and steam by Oct 2016 [EISA 2007] At least 3% of total electricity consumption (FY07-09), 5% (Fy10-12), 7.5% (FY13 ) [EPACT2005, NDAA 2007] At least 50% of required annual renewable energy consumed from “new” renewable sources[EO 13423] 25% by 2025 -”Sense of Congress” [ EISA 2007], NDAA 2007Hot water in new / renovatedfederal buildings from solarpower 30% by 2015 if life cycle cost-effective [EISA 2007]Fossil fuel use in new /renovated Federal buildings Reduce 55% by 2010; 100% by 2030 [EISA 2007]Net zero buildingsFleet vehicle petroleumconsumptionFleet vehicle alternative fuel useWater consumption All new buildings entering design in 2020 and after achieve net zero energy by 2030 [EO13514] New federal buildings achieve net zero by 2030 [EISA 2007] Reduce 20% by 2015 (Base 2005) [EISA 2007] Reduce by 2% per year thru FY2020 (Base 2005) [EO 13423, EO 13514] Increase 10% by 2015 (Base 2005) [EISA 2007] Increase by 10% annually to reach 100% (Base 2005) [EO 13423] Reduce consumption intensity by 2% annually FY 08-FY 15 (2007 baseline ) [EO 13423] Reduce consumption by 2% annually for 26% total by FY 2020 (2007 baseline ) [EO 13514]14
Key to meeting the challenge‘Master Planning for Net Zero’ Fort Hunter Liggett’s Commander is engagedand highly supportive Constant collaboration between the energymanager, environmental manager and themaster planner Partnership with your local energy provider Support from the ArmyAPA April 2012
Net Zero Energy –the approach Reduce consumption to theminimum amount possible –including changing behavior, retrofitting facilities Re-purpose facilities – take underutilized facilities and repurpose theminto more efficient use Produce for remaining demand,preferably utilizing renewableenergy; solar, ground source heatpumps, geo-thermal, etc.APA April 201239
Additional factors: Staffing is always a challenge Understanding the issues / metrics How to get federal mandates into amaster plan “It wasn’t budgeted” Maximizing shrinking real estate It’s difficult.APA April 201240
ACSIM policy: .Create more compact urbancommunities that still meet security and safetyfactors. Planners will incorporate the following keyprinciples of sustainable planning in their MasterPlans, area development plans, and otherplanning products: compact development infill development transit-oriented development horizontal and vertical mixed-uses connected transportation networks low impact development multi-story construction narrow buildings
Blackhawk Hills Area Development Plan –Barracks, Classroom and Admin QuadsFY13UPHFuture Admin& ClassroomQuadsFutureBarracksIn-fillCurrent HQ n GateAPA April 201242
Blackhawk Hills Buildout Potential 2.2M SFAdministrative:444,000 sf minimum888,000 sf maximumBarracks:180,500 sf minimum361,000 sf maximumTraining/DES:129,000 sf minimum258,000 sf maximumMaintenance:41,250 sf minimum82,500 sf maximumORTC:209,000 sf each627,000 sf totalMinimum: 1,421,750 sfMaximum: 2,216,500 sfParking Required: 1,800 spacesParking Provided: 1,900 spacesAPA April 201243
Future Classroom/Admin Quad - 7th ID @ Infantry Rd91stReserveCenterAPA April 201244
Mission Valley ADP Illustrative PlanFutureORTCFY14TASS (80thSchoolhouse)FY13ORTCFutureORTC1MW Solararrays, 1 & 2FY11 104,000 SFECS WarehouseTraining facilities;USARC fundedFuture DOL Warehouse tosupport garrison & trainingFuture Motor poolexpansion 20 acFY11 77,000 SFECS MaintenanceFY11 Wash Rack24 bays,tactical vehiclesAPA April 201245
Mission Valley Buildout Potential 1.5M SFMission Support Space: (min building levels)79,999sf removed1,145,150sf added1,065,151sf gainedMission Support Space: (max building levels)79,999sf removed1,599,950sf added1,519,951sf gainedParking Car Parks:863 spaces addedAPA April 201246
Mission Valley Training Support AreaRangeOpsFutureORTCFutureORTC5 Units Training Warehouses and ClassroomsFY14TASSAPA April 2012
Hacienda Heights ADP Illustrative PlanAPA April 201248
Fort Hunter Liggett UPH
Fort Hunter LiggettBaseline Data Current Electrical Load12M KwH Future Electric Load (MILCON)6M KwH Thermal Load (propane/diesel)11M KwHTotal29M KwH “NZEI Roadmap”Energy Conservation Projects (28%)8M KwHHuman Factor” Conservation (10%) 3M KwHUNICOR renewable projects (24%)7M KwHECIP Renewable Projects (38%)11M KwHTotal29M KwHArmy NZEI Goal is 2020!APA April 201250
Renewable Energy ProjectsProject TitleEnergy Production % towardsNZEIEnergy ManagementControl SystemReduces energyuse by 15%15%PH 3 1MW Solar PV Arrayw/initial EMCS1.8M KwHproduced6.2%Ph 4 1MW Solar PV Arrayw/initial “smart grid”1.8M KwHproduced6.2%Solar Hot Water(Barracks/DFAC)1M KwHconserved3.4%Grid Energy Storage(Battery)1.5M KwH stored5.2%Ground Source Heat Pumps3M KwHconserved10.3%*46.3% towards NZEI Goal*
Net Zero Technology InitiativesDr. Michael CaseProgram Ma
A Net ZERO INSTALLATION applies an integrated approach to management of energy, water, and waste to capture and commercialize the resource value and/or enhance the ecological productivity of land, water, and air. “The primary goal is a focus toward net zero and when we talk about net zero, it's not only net zero energy, but
Bruksanvisning för bilstereo . Bruksanvisning for bilstereo . Instrukcja obsługi samochodowego odtwarzacza stereo . Operating Instructions for Car Stereo . 610-104 . SV . Bruksanvisning i original
10 tips och tricks för att lyckas med ert sap-projekt 20 SAPSANYTT 2/2015 De flesta projektledare känner säkert till Cobb’s paradox. Martin Cobb verkade som CIO för sekretariatet för Treasury Board of Canada 1995 då han ställde frågan
service i Norge och Finland drivs inom ramen för ett enskilt företag (NRK. 1 och Yleisradio), fin ns det i Sverige tre: Ett för tv (Sveriges Television , SVT ), ett för radio (Sveriges Radio , SR ) och ett för utbildnings program (Sveriges Utbildningsradio, UR, vilket till följd av sin begränsade storlek inte återfinns bland de 25 största
Hotell För hotell anges de tre klasserna A/B, C och D. Det betyder att den "normala" standarden C är acceptabel men att motiven för en högre standard är starka. Ljudklass C motsvarar de tidigare normkraven för hotell, ljudklass A/B motsvarar kraven för moderna hotell med hög standard och ljudklass D kan användas vid
LÄS NOGGRANT FÖLJANDE VILLKOR FÖR APPLE DEVELOPER PROGRAM LICENCE . Apple Developer Program License Agreement Syfte Du vill använda Apple-mjukvara (enligt definitionen nedan) för att utveckla en eller flera Applikationer (enligt definitionen nedan) för Apple-märkta produkter. . Applikationer som utvecklas för iOS-produkter, Apple .
The Net-Zero riteria are part of the STi’s Net-Zero Standard. The Net-Zero Standard, which entails both the Criteria and forthcoming Net-Zero Guidance, will be finalized by November 2021 in advance of the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26). Public consultation of the Net-Zero Guidance is scheduled to begin in July 2021.
List of Figures, Tables and Boxes Figures 2 Figure S1 Overview of the key nuances of net-zero target implementation approaches 5 Figure S2 Ten basic criteria for net-zero target transparency 14 Figure 1 Internet searches for net-zero emissions 15 Figure 2 Map of cities and regions pursuing net-zero emissions 16 Figure 3 Population of cities and regions with net-zero targets, by geographic region
emissions ('net zero emissions') has grown, so has the need for a common understanding on what net zero emissions means and how to achieve net zero goals. Investors are also putting pressure on companies to lay out their plans for reaching net zero emissions and to demonstrate how net zero pathways are integrated into their long-term strategy.4
