Earth! The Relationship Between The Sun, Moon, And Earth .
Welcome Astronomers to the Sun, Moon, andEarth!The relationshipbetween the Sun, Moon, and Earth is veryimportant to the existence of life on Earth. Ourquest is to find out how their relationships affectday and night, years, the seasons around theworld, and the phases of the moon.Day, Night, Year, andSeasons
S6E2. Obtain, evaluate, and communicateinformation about the effects of the relativepositions of the sun, Earth, and moon.a. Develop and use a model to demonstrate thephases of the moon by showing the relative positionsof the sun, Earth, and moon.b. Construct an explanation of the cause of solarand lunar eclipses.c. Analyze and interpret data to relate the tilt of theEarth to the distribution of sunlight throughout theyear and its effect on seasons.
Purpose/Objective: The students will be able to:1)Describe how the Earth’s rotation on its axisrelative to the Sun causes the Earth to experiencecycles of day and night.2) Describe how Earth’s 365-day revolution aroundthe Sun allows us to have years.3) Explain the reason why Earth passes through fourdifferent seasons during its revolution around theSun.4) Relate the Moon phases to changes in the Moon’s positionrelative to the Earth and Sun during its 29-day revolution aroundthe Earth.Directions: Read each slide and then complete theorganizer. Some information that is needed is inRED.
Rotation – Earth spinningon axis.1 rotation 24 hoursPart of Earth facing sun dayPart of Earth facing away from Sun night
RotationWhat does Rotation mean?Rotation occurs when something is spinning aroundan axis.Memory Clue/ Illustration ideaWhat are some examples of things that rotate?Tops, Ballerinas, Figure skaters, cyclones, Tornadoes, amerry-go-round, EarthHow do we know that the Earth rotates?1.Star trails- trails made with time exposure, circular paths that occurbecause the planet is moving and not stationary.2.Winds curve because of the Earth’s rotation.3.Ocean currents curve clockwise in the northern hemisphere, andcounterclockwise in the southern hemisphere.4.The movement of a pendulum. It does not actually move, it is the Earthmoving that causes the pendulum to appear to change the direction of itsswing.
Revolution – Movement of 1 object aroundanother object.Earth Revolution around Sun 1days)year (365
What is the effect of ourROTATIONNight and DayWhat causes night and day?The rotation of the Earth The side of the Earth that is facing the sun hasdaylight, the side of the Earth away from the sunhas night. It takes 24 hours for the Earth to complete onerotation. The Earth is tilted on it’s axis at a 23.5 degreeangle. The Earth’s tilt is always in the direction of theNorth Star.What is another name for the North Star? Polaris This tilt is what causes our days to get longer in the summer and shorter in the winter. Because of the Earth’s rotation the sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west.
Revolution EffectEarth Revolution around Sun 1 year (365 days)
Every day theEarth travelsaround the sun.The Earth and themoon traveltogether in anorbit around thesun once a year.
Earth’sAxis
Earth’s Axis: Earth’s axis is an imaginaryline through the center of theEarth from the North Pole tothe South Pole. Earth’s axis is tilted 23.5
Direct Sunlight more direct at the equator more indirect at the poles
Direct & Indirect COPYAdd thesestatementsto thediagram onyour notesAreas at a higher angle (closer to 90 ) receive moretotal solar radiation (sun rays) than areas wheresunlight strikes at a lower angle.
SeasonsWhat two things cause the difference in the seasons?1. The angle of the sun’s rays2. The length of the daysThere are two kinds of rays from the Sun:1. Direct- occurs when Earth is tilted toward the Sun2. Indirect-occurs when Earth is tilted away from the SunIn the Summer, we get the direct rays from the sun andthe days are longer. (But we are farther away fromthe Sun)In the Winter, we get indirect rays from the Sun andthe days are shorter. (But we are closer to the Sun)Why does this happen?
Reason for the Seasonsare caused by the tilt ofthe Earth
One revolution around the sunequals 365 days. Thisrevolution causes the changingof the seasons.
The Four Seasons: The Effect of the Tiltof Earth’s Rotation Axis
Winter in Northern Hemisphere Summer inSouthern Hemisphere.Winter Solstice 1st Day of Winter, Dec. 22.Longest Night
Not to scale, the Sun is MUCH bigger than the Earth.
Summer in Northern Hemisphere Winter inSouthern Hemisphere.Summer Solstice 1st Day of Summer, June 21.Longest Day
Spring in Northern Hemisphere Fall inSouthern Hemisphere.Vernal Equinox 1st day of Spring, March 21.Equal Day and Equal Night
Fall in Northern Hemisphere Spring in theSouthern Hemisphere.Autumnal Equinox 1st day of fall Sept. 23Equal Day and Equal Night
Orbit – The path an object takesas it revolves around anotherobject.
Axis – Imaginary line passing throughEarth causing it to rotate. Earthtilted 23.5 degrees on axis.
Finished(S6E2.a.) Earth, Moon, and Sun– Answer all questions use your Notes– Go to the BLOG and read Worktext pages115-121– Reread your notes and do Close reading
2) Describe how Earth’s 365-day revolution around the Sun allows us to have years. 3) Explain the reason why Earth passes through four different seasons during its revolution around the Sun. 4) Relate the Moon phases to changes in the Moon’s position relative to the Earth and Sun during its 29-day revolution around the Earth.
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0.8 M Earth 1 M Earth 0.1 M Earth Planet Radius (R Earth): 0.95 R Earth 1 R Earth 0.5 R Earth Distance from Sun (DEarth): 0.7 D Earth 1 D Earth 1.5 D Earth Average Surface Temperature: 456 oC 10 oC -95 oC Atmosphere: T
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