The History Of Islamic Political Thought - İSAM
The History of Islamic PoliticalThoughtFrom the Prophet to the PresentANTONY BLACKRoutledgeNew York
To Aileen, and ChristopherPublished in 2001 byRoutledge29 West 35'11 StreetNew York, NY 10001Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor and Francis GroupCopyright 2001 by Antony BlackOriginally published in Great Britain byEdinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, in 2001Typeset in Trump Medieval by Koinonia, Bury, andprinted and bound in Great Britain byThe University Press, CambridgeAll rights reserved. No part of this book may be printed or reproducedor utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means,now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording,or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission inwriting from the publisher.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data is availablefrom the Library of CongressBlack, AntonyThe history of Islamic political thought: from the prophet tothe present / by Antony BlackISBN 0-415 -93242-4 (hardback)ISBN 0-415-93243-2 (paperback)Includes bibliography and references.
ContentsAnalytical Table of ContentsAbbreviationsMapTime ChartPrefaceIntroductionviixixiixivxvilPart I The Messenger and the Law c.622-1000l23456The Mission of MuhammadThe Idea of Monarchy under the Umayyads and 'Abbasidsc.661-850The Method of Tradition (sunna)Shi'ite Theories of Leadership (imama)The Restoration of Persia c.850-1050Knowledge and Power: Plato without the Polis91832394957Part II Religion and State Power (din wa dawla): Sunni Doctrineand the State c.1000-12208The Theory of the CaliphateThe Order of the Realm9Al-Ghazali1s Balance7roI l12The Ethics of Power: Advice-to-Kings (nasihat al-muluk)Philosophy Goes WestThe Politics of Sufism819197108II5!28
v1CONTENTSPart ID The Shari'a and the Sword c.1220-r50013141516171819The Rape of AsiaMamluk Ideology and the Sultan-CaliphNasir al-Din Tusi (1201-74): Social Philosophy and Status GroupsIbn Taymiyya (1263-1328): Shari'a Governance {al-siyasaal-shar'iyyaJThe Delhi Sultanate and al-Barani: Statecraft and MoralityIbn Khaldun (1332-1406): The Science of Civilisation and theGovernance of IslamThe Decline of Classical Islamic Political Thoughtr371411451541601,6 5183Part IV The Early Modem Empires: Well-Protected Domains2021222324International RelationsThe State of th e House of Osman (devlet-i al-i Osman)The SafavidsIndia and the MughalsThe Decline and Reform of the Ottoman EmpirePart V2526193197221239255Islam and the WestThe Age of Modernism c.1830-1920The Age of Fundamentalism Index358366355
Analytical Table of ContentsAbbreviationsMapTime ChartPrefaceIntroductionPart I The Messenger and the Law c.622-1000r The Mission of MuhammadProphet and tribe; a new kind of political society; the wars ofsuccession2 The Idea of Monarchy under the Umayyads and 'Abbasidsc.661- 850The patrimonial Caliphate; Iranian influences and Ibn Muqaffa';Abu Yusuf; the Caliph al-Ma'mun; al-Jahiz; the failure ofthe Caliphate3 The Method of Tradition (sunna)T he 'ulama and the hadith; al-Shafi'i and the methodology of theLaw; political implications4 Shi'ite Theories of Leadership (imama}The Imami Shi'ites; a theory of leadership; the Isma'ilis; Fatimidpolitical theory; the Nizaris and violent revolutions The Restoration of Persia c.850-1050Dawla; Firdausi on the ancient kings; Ibn Qutaiba andstatus groups6 Knowledge and Power: Plato without the PelisAl-Farabi and the Brethren of Purity; methods of knowing;knowledge and Leadership (imama); the political community;the division of labour and social groups; Ibn Sina (Avicenna)xixiixivxviI91832394957
viiiANALYTICAL TABLE bF CONTENTSPart II Religion and State Power (din wa dawla): Sunni Doctrineand the State c.1000-12207 The Theory of the CaliphateSunni political theologyi the Leadership (imama) or Caliphate{khilafah al-Mawardi on the Caliphate and political power8 The Order of the RealmNizam al-Mulk and the Saljuk regime; Nizam's political theory;the middle way9 Al-Ghazali's Balance:.Religious knowledge ('ilm) and politics; the origin and justificatio'nof the state; Caliph and Sultan; the 'Ulama; the Book and the Balancero The Ethics of Power: Advice-to-Kings (nasihat al-muluk)The religio-political legacy of the Saljuks; the Advice genre:'The Sea of-Precious Virtue'; justice and the circle of power;'The Wisdom of Royal Glory' and Turkish political culturer r Philosophy Goes WestReligious politics and philosophy in Spain; Ibn Rushd (Averroes):philosophy and religious knowledge; his political writings;the origin and justification of the statei contemporary observations;Fakhr al-Din Razi in Khwarazm and the circle of power12 The Politics of SufismKai Kawus and Najm al-Din Razi on the dignity of work; anattempt to restore the Caliph as political leader8r9I97ro8r r5128Part III The Shari'a and the Sword c.1220-150013 The Rape of Asia.137The Mongol invasions; a revival of Irano-Islamic political culture;the Black Death and Timur14 Mamluk Ideology and the Sultan-Caliph141Integration of religion and polity; the Sultan-Caliph; Ibn Jama'aand the justification of power based on force15 Nasir al-Din Tusi (1201-74): Social Philosophy and Status Groups145Revival of Imami Shi'ism: the authority of the Mujtahid (wellqualified jurist); Nasir al-Din Tusi: a synthesis of Jurisprudence,Aristotle and Iranian lore; humanity; political society;political groupingsi status groups16 Ibn Taymiyya (1263-1328): Shari'a Governance (al-siyasa al-shar'iyya) 154Religion requires state power; the ruler's responsibilities17 The Delhi Sultanate and al-Barani: Statecraft and Morality160Muslims and Hindus; al-Barani {c.1285-c.1357h secular law18 Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406): The Science of Civilisation and theGovernance of Islamr 65The theory of knowledge: historical and social method;theory of social change; moral and immoral forms of authority;political valuesi political economy and the duties of government;a concept of the state; his achievement
ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS19 The Decline of Classical Islamic Political ThoughtTribalism; the Uzbek state; Dawani (1427- 1502/3): a simplifiedphilosophy of the state; justice and status groups; Khunji (145 51521) on Jurisprudence in central Asiaixrs 3Part IV The Early Modern Empires: Well-Protected Domains20 International Relations19321 The State of the House of Osman (devlet-i al-i Osman)197Political culture and the organisation of public life; religion andthe state (din ve devlet); the patrimonial Sultan; Sultanic ideology;religious lca ,iership; self-management and diversity; shari'a andkanun (Sultanic law); political theory; ' the order of the world'and classes22 The SafavidsSacred and patrimonial monarchy; ideological controversy;al-Karaki (c.1466-1534) and the religio-political authority of theMujtahid; m onarchy versus clergy; the Majlisi revolution:the clerical ascent to power; tribalism and political decline23 India and the MughalsAkbar (r. 1556-1605), the enlightening monarch; religioustoleration; a spiritual emperor; orthodox Sunni political thought;Wali Allah of Delhi (1703-62): human nature and civilisation24 The Decline and Reform of the Ottoman EmpireThe decline and reform school; Mustafa 'Ali (1541-1600);al-Aqhisari and status groups; why is the state in decline?;the use of history and of Ibn Khaldun; advocates of stricterreligious observance; the beginnings of WesternisationPart V Islam and the West25 The Age of Modernism c.1830-1920The Ottoman Tanzimat !reform ) (1839- 71); Iran: the socioreligious status of the Mujtahids; Western ideas: Malkom Khan(1833-1908); the Constitutional Revolution (1905- II);Parliamentary liberalism and Islamic values: the YoungOttomans; Khayr al-din al-Tunisi (1822/3- 90); Islamicconservatism and Pan-Islamism; India: British rule and theMuslim-Hindu question; Al-Afghani (1-637- 97): rationalism,republicanism and the rcligio-political revival of Islam;'Abduh and legal reform26 The Age of Fundamentalism c.1920-2000The Caliphate and popular sovereignty: separation of politicsfrom religion?; Rashid Rida (1922- 3); 'Abd al-Raziq (1924-5);Fundamentalism: the Muslim Brethren, al-Mawdudi, SayyidQutb; Islamic socialism; the Iranian revolution of 1979: theConstitution of I979; fundamentalism today; questjons facingIslamic political thought today; liberty, equality, the positionof women and non-Muslims; Islam and nationalism22 l2392 s5279308
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The History of Islamic Political Thought From the Prophet to the Present ANTONY BLACK Routledge New York . Published in 2001 by Routledge 29 West 35'11 Street New York, NY 10001 To Aileen, and Christopher Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor and Francis Group
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