Wildlife Habitat Management Institute Black-tailed Prairie .

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itat conditions, and to develop specific parametersto measure success of recovery efforts andconservation programs. Additional information is alsoneeded to better understand the interaction betweenprairie dogs and livestock and how the prairieecosystem can be managed to accommodate both ina sustainable manner.creating habitat favored by other rangeland wildlifespecies. Prairie dog activities often increase anddiversify the composition of grasses and forbs withintheir colonies. Grazing and clipping activities favordisturbance-resistant shortgrass prairie grasses andforbs. The bare ground around burrows attractsinvertebrates, which in turn attract some species ofgrassland birds. Prairie dog towns may support ahigher biomass of small mammals, invertebrates, andsongbirds than rangeland not inhabited by prairie dogs.Some wildlife species rely on habitat conditionsConclusionproduced by black-tailed prairie dog activities, andthe needs of these species should be taken intoBlack-tailed prairie dogs affect rangeland habitats by consideration when developing a comprehensiveinfluencing plant species diversity and composition and management plan for black-tailed prairie dogs.8

Black-tailed Prairie Dog (Cynomys ludovicianus)Table 4. Programs that provide technical and financial assistance to develop fish and wildlife habitat.ProgramConservation ReserveProgram(CRP)Land eligibilityHighly erodible land,wetland and certainother lands with croppinghistory. Stream-sideareas in pasture land.Type of assistanceContact50% cost-share for establishing permanent NRCS or FSAstate or countycover and conservation practices, andannual rental payments for land enrolled officein 10- to 15-year contracts. Additionalfinancial incentives available for somepractices.Environmental Quality Cropland, range, grazing Up to 75% cost-share for conservationNRCS state orland and other agricultrual practices in accordance with 1- to 10Incentives Programlocal officeland in need of treatment. year contracts. Incentive payments for(EQIP)certain management practices.Partners for Fish and Most degraded fish and/ Up to 100% finanical and technicalLocal office ofWildlife Programor wildlife habitat.assistance to restore wildlife habitatthe U.S. Fish(PFW)under minimum 10-year cooperativeand Wildlifeagreements.ServiceWaterways forPrivate lands.Technical and program developmentWildlife HabitatWildlifeassistance to coalesce habitat efforts of Councilcorporations and private landowners tomeet common wateshed level goals.Wildlife at WorkCorporate lands.Technical assistance on developingWildlife Habitathabitat projects into programs that allow Councilcompanies to involve employees and thecommunity.Wildlife HabitatHigh-priority fish andUp to 75% cost-share for conservationNRCS state orIncentives Programwildlife habitats.practices under 5- to 10-year contracts. local office(WHIP)State fish and wildlife agencies as well as private groups may have additional assistance programs.Black-tailed prairie dogs often inhabit areas grazedby livestock, so managing their habitat frequentlyinvolves careful coordination of natural resourceobjectives, stocking rates, and prescribed grazingsystems. Managers should recognize that in manyinstances, the presence of prairie dogs may involvesome trade-off in the availability of forage for livestock.Successfully managing forage for livestock and habitatfor prairie dogs involves balancing the needs of all the“grazers” that occur on the prairie landscape.Landowners can take advantage of technical andfinancial assistance programs to help them meet prairiedog habitat needs and livestock production goals in asustainable manner.ReferencesOn-line sourcesBlack-tailed prairie dog. 2000. Texas Parks &Wildlife. airie.htm.Davis, W. B. and D. J. Schmidly. 1994. Mammals ofTexas: online edition. Texas Parks & Wildlife. http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1.9

Black-tailed Prairie Dog (Cynomys ludovicianus)Predation of artificial ground nests on white-tailedprairie dog colonies. Journal of WildlifeManagement 63(1):270-277.Bolen, E. G. and W. L. Robinson. 1995. WildlifeEcology and Management, Third edition. PrenticeHall. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA.F. L. KnopfOther wildlife species such as the mountain plover use habi tats subjected to livestock grazing and areas disturbed byblack-tailed prairie dog clipping and foraging activities.Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. 2001.Prairie dogs. Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. mote Sensing Research. 1997. Prairie dogs. http://www.rsr.org/prairiedogs.html.Bonham, C. D. and A. Lerwick. 1976. Vegetationchanges induced by prairie dogs on shortgrassrange. Journal of Range Management 29(3):221225.Burt, W. H. 1952. A field guide to the mammals ofNorth America north of Mexico, third edition.Houghton Mifflin Company. New York, NewYork, USA.Collins, A. R., J. P. Workman, and D. W. Uresk. 1984.An economic analysis of black-tailed prairie dog(Cynomys ludovicianus) control. Journal ofRange Management 37(4):358-361.Sexton, N. R., A. Brinson, P. D. Ponds, K. Cline, andB. L. Lamb. 2001. Citizen knowledge and Cull, J. F., Jr. 1993. Plague in prairie dog ecosystems:importance for black-footed ferret management.perception of black-tailed prairie dog management:report to respondents. http://mesc.usgs.gov/pubs/In the prairie dog ecosystem, managing forbio

Black-tailed Prairie Dog Town Organization Black-tailed prairie dogs are highly social, gregarious animals that live in large groupings called “towns” or colonies. The largest prairie dog town on record was found by Vernon Bailey in Texas around 1900: 100 miles wide and 2

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