SAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTION

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Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. IOISD - GDN - 192FOR RESTRICTEDCIRCULATION ONLYSAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTIONOISD-GDN-192Second Edition, April, 2016First Edition, July, 2000Oil Industry Safety DirectorateGovernment of IndiaMinistry of Petroleum & Natural Gas8th Floor, OIDB Bhavan, Plot No. 2, Sector73, NoidaWebsite: www.oisd.gov.inTele: 0120-2593800, Fax: 0120-2593802201301 (U.P.)

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. IIOISD - GDN - 192Second Edition, April, 2016First Edition, July, 2000FOR RESTRICTEDCIRCULATION ONLYSAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTIONPrepared byCOMMITTEE ONSAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTIONOil Industry Safety DirectorateGovernment of IndiaMinistry of Petroleum & Natural Gas8th Floor, OIDB Bhavan, Plot No. 2, Sector73, NoidaWebsite: www.oisd.gov.inTele: 0120-2593800, Fax: 0120-2593802201301 (U.P.)

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. IIIPreambleIndian petroleum industry is the energy lifeline of the nation and its continuous performance isessential for sovereignty and prosperity of the country. As the industry essentially deals withinherently inflammable substances throughout its value chainupstream, midstream anddownstream Safety is of paramount importance to this industry as only safe performance at alltimes can ensure optimum ROI of these national assets and resources including sustainability.While statutory organizations were in place all along to oversee safety aspects of Indian petroleumindustry, Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) was set up in 1986 Ministry of Petroleum and NaturalGas, Government of India as a knowledge centre for formulation of constantly updated world-scalestandards for design, layout and operation of various equipment, facility and activities involved in thisindustry. Moreover, OISD was also given responsibility of monitoring implementation status of thesestandards through safety audits.In more than 25 years of its existence, OISD has developed a rigorous, multi-layer, iterative andparticipative process of development of standards starting with research by in-house experts anditerating through seeking & validating inputs from all stake-holders operators, designers, nationallevel knowledge authorities and public at large with a feedback loop of constant updation based onground level experience obtained through audits, incident analysis and environment scanning.The participative process followed in standard formulation has resulted in excellent level ofcompliance by the industry culminating in a safer environment in the industry. OISD except in theUpstream Petroleum Sector is still a regulatory (and not a statutory) body but that has not affectedimplementation of the OISD standards. It also goes to prove the old adage that self-regulation is thebest regulation. The quality and relevance of OISD standards had been further endorsed by theiradoption in various statutory rules of the land.Petroleum industry in India is significantly globalized at present in terms of technology contentrequiring its operation to keep pace with the relevant world scale standards & practices. This matchesthe OISD philosophy of continuous improvement keeping pace with the global developments in itstarget environment. To this end, OISD keeps track of changes through participation as member inlarge number of International and national level Knowledge Organizationsboth in the field ofstandard development and implementation & monitoring in addition to updation of internal knowledgebase through continuous research and application surveillance, thereby ensuring that this OISDStandard, along with all other extant ones, remains relevant, updated and effective on a real timebasis in the applicable areas.Together we strive to achieve NIL incidents in the entire Hydrocarbon Value Chain. This, besidesother issues, calls for total engagement from all levels of the stake holder organizations, which we, atOISD, fervently look forward to.Jai Hind!!!Executive DirectorOil Industry Safety Directorate

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. IVFOREWORDAt the time of development of this document, 113 OISD standards, recommended practicesand guidelines are applicable to the Oil and Gas installations of Public sector OilCompanies in India. 11 of these standards have been adopted by Petroleum andExplosives Safety Organisation (PESO) in various rules administered by them and thus theprovisions of these standards are mandatory for entire Oil & Gas sector to that extent.A few serious accidents have occurred in the recent past in India and abroad includingvapour cloud explosion and fire at Oil terminal near Jaipur emphasised the need for theindustry to review the existing provisions of various guidelines and statutory requirements.With the above in view the Government of India directed the Oil Industry Safety directorateto develop a comprehensive document covering all the facets of Safety in Design,Operation and Maintenance, of depots and terminals being run by marketing divisions ofOil companies with an objective to strengthen the existing system.Practices During Construction has been prepared by thefunctional committee based on, existing standards, guidelines & recommended practices ofOISD, the recommendations arising out of recent major accidents and their analysis, theaccumulated knowledge and experience of industry members in India and updation ofNational and International codes and practices.The provisions of this document, if implemented objectively, may go a long way inenhancing overall safety standard and reduce accidents in Oil Installations.Users are cautioned that no standard can be substitute to tjudgment and experience ofThis document will be reviewed periodically for improvements based on the newexperiences and better understanding. Suggestions are also invited from the users after itis put into practice to improve the document further. Suggestions may be addressed to:The Co-ordinatorOil Industry Safety DirectorateGovernment of IndiaMinistry of Petroleum & Natural Gas8th Floor, OIDB Bhavan, Plot No. 2, Sector73, Noida201301 (U.P.)Website: www.oisd.gov.inTele: 0120-2593800, Fax: 0120-2593802This document in no way supersedes the statutory regulations of Chief Controllerof Explosives (CCE), Factory Inspectorate or any other statutory body, which mustbe followed as applicable.

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. s are prepared for use in the Oil and GasIndustry under Ministry of Petroleum & natural Gas.These are the property of Ministry of Petroleum & NaturalGas and shall not be reproduced or copied and loaned orexhibited to others without written consent from OISD.Though every effort has been made to assurethe accuracy and reliability of the data contained in thesedocuments, OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liabilityor responsibility for loss or damage resulting from theiruse.These documents are intended to supplementrather than replace the prevailing statutory requirements.

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. VISECOND FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEE ON CONTRACTOR SAFETYLIST OF MEMBERSNameOrganizationStatusA K GuptaDGM (HSE), IOCLLeaderDharmvirAddl. Director, OISDMember CoordinatorAshok DashputreVice President, RILMemberP K AgarwalCM (HSE), IOCLMemberD JanaAGM-Construction, EILMemberUdoay PayyadiSr. Manager-Maintenance, HPCLMemberVijay MohanAddl. Director, CHTMemberB K RabhaDy. CE(Instrumentation), OILMemberSankar Raman VCM-E&C, BPCL - Kochi Refineries Ltd.MemberYogesh J NakhareManager-F&S, HPCL.MemberPushp KhetarpalSr. Vice President (O&M), Petronet LNGMemberUpinder KumarPetronet LNGMemberA K AroraAddl. Director, OISDMemberS/ShriIn addition to the above, several other experts from Industry contributed in thepreparation, review and finalisation of this Guideline.

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. VIIFIRST FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEE ONSAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTIONNAMEORGANISATIONLEADERShri A.K. TandonEIL, New Delhi.MEMBERS1.Shri U.M. RaoGAIL, Noida.2.Shri K.N. RavindranCRL, Cochin3.Shri P.K. AnandONGC, Mumbai.4.Shri H.N. DasONGCL, Nazaria.5.Shri Jagnandan TyagiIOC(PL) Nodia.6.Shri M.C LoharIBP Co. Ltd., Calcutta.7.Shri J.C. AgrawalIOC, Mktg, New Delhi.8.Shri S.M. GhotavadekarHPCL, Mumbai.9.Shri Sanjoy GhoseBPCL, Mumbai.10.11.IOC-Panipat Refinery.Shri Suhas KateHPCL, Visakh.Member-CoordinatorShri A.K. RanjanOISD, New Delhi

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. VIIICONTENTSSECTIONPage ral Duties24.1General Duties Of Execution Agencies24.2General Duties Of Owners4Safety Practices At Work Places45.1General Provisions45.2Means Of Access And Egress55.3Housekeeping55.4Precautions against The Fall Of Materials and Personsand Collapse Of Structures65.5Prevention Of Unauthorised Entry65.6Fire Prevention And Fire Fighting65.7Lighting75.8Plant, Machinery, Equipment and Hand Tools75.06.0Construction Activities96.1Excavation106.2Scaffolding, Platforms & Ladders126.3Structural Work, Laying of Reinforcement & Concreting 226.4Road Work266.5Cutting/Welding276.6Working in Confined Spaces296.7Proof / Pressure Testing316.8Working at Heights316.9Handling and Lifting Equipment34

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1Page No. IX6.10Vehicle tion486.14Radiography496.15Sand/Shot Blasting / Spray Painting506.16Work above Water517.0Additional Safety Precaution for Units with Hydrocarbons528.0Environment Protection539.0Occupational Health5510.0Documentation5611.0Safety Awareness & Training5612.0References57Annexure I58

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1OISDGDN 192Page No. 1SAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTIONSAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTION1.0INTRODUCTIONSafety in Construction Management deserves utmost attention especially in thehydrocarbon industry, such as Exploration, Refineries, Pipelines and Marketinginstallations, Gas Processing units etc. Construction is widely recognised as oneof the accident prone activities. Most of the accidents are caused by inadequateplanning, failure during the construction process and/or because of designdeficiencies. Besides property loss, accidents also result in injuries and fatalitiesto the personnel, damage to environment which needs to be prevented.The reasons for accidents during construction activities are related to uniquenature of the industry, human behaviour, difficult work-site conditions, extendedodd duty hours, lack of training & awareness and inadequate safetymanagement. Unsafe working methods, lack of proper JSA (Job Safety Analysis)and use of improper / inadequate PPEs, equipment failure and improperhousekeeping also tend to increase the accident rate in construction.Ensuring good quality of materials, equipment and competent supervision alongwith compliance of standard engineering practices shall go a long way to in builtsafety into the system.The objective of this document is to provide practical guidance on technical andeducational framework for health, safety and environment in construction with aview to:(a)prevent accidents and harmful effects on the health of workers arisingfrom employment in construction;(b)ensure appropriate safety during implementation of construction;(c)provide safety practice guidelines for appropriate measures of planning,control and enforcement.(d)protect environment.2.0SCOPEThis document specifies broad guidelines on HEALTH, SAFETY ANDENVIRONMENT practices to be adhered to during construction activitiesincluding green field projects in oil industry. However, before commencing anyjob, specific hazards and its effects should be assessed and necessarycorrective/preventive actions should be taken by all concerned. The document isintended only to supplement and not to replace or supersede the prevailingstatutory requirements, which shall also be followed as applicable. For PersonalProtective Equipment, OISD-STD-155 (Part I&II) shall be referred to. The scopeof this document does not include the design aspects and quality checks duringconstruction.3.0DEFINITIONSDefinitions of various terminology are given below:Adequate, appropriate or suitable are used to describe qualitatively orquantitatively the means or method used to protect the men, machinery,material, property and enviroment.By hand: The work is done without the help of a mechanised tool.

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1OISDGDN 192Page No. 2SAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTIONCompetent Authority: A stautory agency having the power to issueregulations, orders or other instructions having the force of law.Competent person: A person possessing adequate qualifications, such assuitable training and sufficient knowledge, experience and skill for the safeperformance of the specific work. The competent authorities may defineappropriate criteria for the designation of such persons and may determinethe duties to be assigned to them.Construction site:A worksite involving new construction, modification or maintenance ofexisting facility, shutdown related activity, demolition, housekeeping etc.Environment:Environment includes water, air and land and the interrelationship whichexists among and between water, air and land and human beings, otherliving creatures, plants, microorganisms and property.Execution agency:Any entity / person, having contractual obligation with the owner and whoemploys one or more workers on a construction site.Hazard: A condition or a set of conditions which has potential of causinginjury to person, damage to property or environment.Health: Soundness of body covering Physical, Emotional, Psychological andIntellectual conditions of a worker which assists the attainment of theobjectives.Means of access or egress: Passageways, corridors, stairs, platforms,ladders and any other means for entering or leaving the workplace or forescaping in case of danger.Owner: Any entity / person for whom construction job is carried out.It shall also include owner's designated representative/ consultant/ nominee/agent, authorised from time to time to act for and on its behalf for supervising/coordinating the activities of the execution agency.Scaffold: Any fixed, suspended or mobile temporary structure supportingworkers and material or to gain access to any such structure and which is nota lifting appliance.Safety : Prevention & protection from exposure to Hazard.Worker: Any person engaged in construction activity.Workplace:where workers need to bepresent by virtue of their involvement in the construction activity.4.0GENERAL DUTIES4.1GENERAL DUTIES OF EXECUTION AGENCIES4.1.1Execution agency should:i)provide means and organisation to comply with the Health, safetyand environment protection measures required at the workplace.

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1OISDGDN 192Page No. 3SAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTIONii)provide and maintain workplaces, plant, equipment, tools andmachinery and organise construction work so that, there is no riskof accident or injury to health of workers. In particular,construction work should be planned, prepared and undertakenso that:(a)(b)dangers liable to arise at the workplace, are prevented;excessively or unnecessarily strenuous work positions andmovements are avoided;organisation of work takes into account the safety andhealth of workers and also environment protection;materials and products used are suitable from Healthsafety and environment protection point of view;(c)working methods are adopted to safeguard workers againstthe harmful effects of chemical, physical and biologicalagents.iii)establish committees with representatives of workers andmanagement or make other arrangement for the participation ofworkers in ensuring safe working conditions.iv)arrange for periodic safety inspections by competent persons ofall buildings, plant, equipment, tools, machinery, workplaces andreview of systems of work, regulations, standards or codes ofpractice. The competent person should examine and ascertain thesafety of construction machinery and equipment.v)provide such supervision to ensure that workers perform theirwork with due regard to safety and health of theirs as well as thatof others.vi)employ only those workers who are qualified, trained and suitedby their age, physique, state of health and skill.vii)satisfy themselves that all workers are informed and instructed inthe hazards connected with their work and environment andtrained in the precautions necessary to avoid accidents and injuryto health.viii)ensure that buildings, plant, equipment, tools, machinery orworkplaces in which a dangerous defect has been found shouldnot be used until the defect has been rectified.ix)organise for and remain always prepared to take immediate stepsto stop the operation and evacuate workers as appropriate, wherethere is an imminent danger to the safety of workers.x)establish a checking system by which it can be ascertained thatall the members of a shift, including operators of mobileequipment, have returned to the camp or base at the close ofwork on dispersed sites and where small groups of workersoperate in isolation.provide appropriate first aid, training and welfare facilities toworkers as per various statutes like the Factories Act 1948,Building & Construction Workers Regulation (BOCWR), etc.and, whenever collective measures are not feasible or areinsufficient, provide and maintain personal protectiveequipment and clothing in line with the requirement as perOISD-STD-155 (Part I & II) on Personnel Protective

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1OISDGDN 192Page No. 4SAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTIONEquipment. They should also provide access to workers tooccupational health services.educate workers about their right and the duty at anyworkplace to participate in ensuring safe working conditions tothe extent of their control over the equipment and methods ofwork and to express views on working procedures adopted asmay affect health, safety and environment.xi)ensure that except in an emergency, workers unless dulyauthorised, should not interfere with, remove, alter or displace anysafety device or other appliance furnished for their protection orthe protection of others, or interfere with any method or processadopted with a view to avoiding accidents and injury to health.xii)ensure that workers do not operate or interfere with plant andequipment that they have not been duly authorised to operate,maintain or use.xiii)ensure that workers do not sleep, rest or cook etc in dangerousplaces such as scaffolds, railway tracks, garages, confinedspaces or in the vicinity of fires, dangerous or toxic substances,machines or vehicles and heavy equipment etc.xiv)obtain the necessary clearance/permits as required and specifiedby owner.Arrangement for drinking water, toilet facilities, a creche andtransport arrangement etc. to be provided as per statutoryrequirement.xv)deploy a safety officer at site as per the requirement of FactoryAct 1948/ Building & Construction Workers Regulation (BOCWR)/Criticality of the job.xvi)ensure that all employees/workmen undergo medical examinationas required under the law or under the contract provision andkeep a record of the same.xvii)obtain the police verification of the workers/ supervisors arrangedby him and the same is to be submitted to the owner.xviii)not permit any employee/workmen/visitor to enter the work areaunder the influence of alcohol or any drugs.4.2GENERAL DUTIES OF OWNERS4.2.1Owners should:i)co-ordinate or nominate a competent person to co-ordinate all activitiesrelating to HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT on their construction projects;ii)inform all contractors on the work site / project of special risks toHEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT;iii)ensure that executing agency is aware of the owner's requirements andthe executing agency's responsibilities with respect to HEALTH,SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT practices before starting the job.5.0SAFETY PRACTICES AT WORK PLACES5.1.GENERAL PROVISIONS

Sr.Number:OISD/DOC/2016/1OISDGDN 192Page No. 5SAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTION5.1.1All openings and other areas likely to pose danger t

OISD - GDN - 192 FOR RESTRICTED CIRCULATION ONLY SAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTION OISD-GDN-192 Second Edition, April, 2016 First Edition, July, 2000 Oil Industry Safety Directorate Government of India Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas 8th Floor, OIDB Bhavan, Plot No. 2, Sector 73, Noida 201301 (U.P.) Website: www.oisd.gov.in

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