Oregon Aviation Historical Society

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Oregon AviationHistorical SocietyN e w s l e t t e rVol. 15 No. 3 P.O. Box 553 Cottage Grove, OR 97424 December 2006Original Engine and PropellerDonated for Oregon Bi-planeBy Tim TalenOregon Aviation Historical Society has justreceived a wonderful donation from Eugeneresident David France – the original engine for the1931 McManiman “Springfield Cadet” biplane.This is a very early production Continental A-40engine and shows the initial stages of enginedevelopment that the A-40 went through duringits production run from 1931-1938. The A-40serial numbers started at 100 ( this one is s/n175) and as many as 2500 of these engines werebuilt. During the depression years the availabilityof low cost horsepower spurred production ofmany light airplanes and as many as 12 differentdesigns were certified with the Continental A40 engine along with many Oregon homebuiltsand other one of a kind experimental designs.Chet Peek, in his book “Flying with 40 Horses”,states: All the developments in aircraft engineswould not have beenpossible without thelittle Continental A40 to lead the way.It’s introduction in1931 represented anhistoricalmilestonein American Aviation.For more than 6 yearsitremainedaloneon the scene, theonly practical powerplant available to the lowhorsepower market. Together with the Cubsand Taylorcraft it powered, the A-40 lifted thoseeager young pilots of the 1930’s into the air. Itdeserves a special place in our aviation history.The “Springfield Cadet” with original A-40 engine andpropeller awaiting installationAlso included with the engine is the propellerfor it and the first Oregon license plate issued tothe plane in 1931! Our thanks to David Francefor his generous donation.Great Lakes Restoration ActivityBy Tim TalenProgress on Tex Rankin’s Great Lakes hasbeen focused on bringing the tail surfaces to a‘ready to cover’ stage. This included completionof the hinges and attach points for the controlsurfaces. Another big step was to completethe trim mechanism unit and it’s installationin the fuselage. Workwill continue on thecontrolsystem–specifically installingcontrols in the frontcockpitwiththeeventual goal of gettingthe fuselage readyto cover. The 4 wingpanels and aileronshave been covered andwithin the next several weeks the tail surfacesshould be all in fabric. Thanks to all who havecontributed and volunteered in this effort.

OAHS Newsletter, September 2006 – Page 2RANDOM FLIGHTBy Roger StarrThanks to all of you who helped make 2006 a very successfulyear for your Society. We hope you will continue your supportfor next year. If you have not already done so, please take time torespond to the letter I sent earlier this month by renewing yourmembership and/or making a contribution to OAHS. Can notfind the letter? Just use the form below.Board of DirectorsRoger Starr, PresidentCanby (503) 266-4282Wilbur Heath, Vice-PresidentCottage Grove (541) 942-2567Tom Bedell, SecretaryPhilomath (541) 929-5598Gretchen Bencene, TreasurerOAHS has agreed to a five-year lease with the Oregon Departmentof Aviation in anticipation of building a second facility plannedto exhibit the Society’s growing collection of artifacts. Theproperty is located just west of the current History Center and“tower lawn” and would provide additional space for an officeand gift shop The Board is presently considering a fund raisingand construction plan.Should you have any questions or comments regarding theSociety, we would be pleased to hear from you. In the meantime, I wish the best to you for 2007.Philomath (541) 929-5598Bill AustinRoseburg (541) 679-7276Ray CostelloCorvallis (541) 745-5175Albert (Al) GrellTangent (541) 928-7068Jan HedbergCorvallis (541) 754-7315Rex HumeWilliams (541) 846-6620Doug KindredEugene (541) 687-9490Hal SkinnerSpringfield (541) 746-3387Tim TalenSpringfield (541) 746-6572Tom UrbanSpringfield (541) 741-4117Annette WhittingtonMerry Christmas and a Happy New YearFrom the OAHS Board of DirectorsJoin the OAHS!If you’re not yet a member, we invite you to join the Society in itsefforts to preserve and celebrate Oregon Aviation History. Fill in theblanks and return to: OR Aviation Historical SocietyPO Box 553 Cottage Grove, OR 97424Creswell (541) 895-3910Lloyd WilliamsCottage Grove (541) 942-1268Contributor - 100 Sustaining - 50 Family - 35 Associate - 25Name DateThe OAHS Newsletter is published by theSociety (PO Box 553, Cottage Grove, OR97424) and edited by Hal Skinner for thebenefit of the members. Membercontributions are welcome but shouldrelate to Oregon aviation history.Contents 2006 OAHS.Address Home Phone ( ) -www.oregonaviation.orgSkills and InterestsCity State ZipCurrent/Former OccupationI am Interested in Volunteering

OAHS Newsletter, September 2006 – Page 32006 OREGON AVIATION HALLOF FAMEThree native Oregonians who havemade significant contributions to aircrafthomebuilding were inducted into the OregonAviation Hall of Fame at the Columbia AviationAssociation clubhouse on the AuroraAirport. Sixty-six people were in attendancefor the October 8th reception, luncheon andinduction ceremonies. George Bogardus,Leslie Long and Richard VanGrunsvenwere honored at “The Year of the OregonHomebuilder” event. A narration and PowerPoint program of historic photographs waspresented on each inductee.Accepting the posthumous award forGeorge Bogardus was his long time friend,Dean Sigler and Stanton Long and ChristineLong Plunkett accepted for their father,Leslie Long. Dick VanGrunsven was presentto accept his award. Also present were14 members of the Long family and nineVanGrunsven family members.Attendees enjoying luncheonSeveral artifacts attributed to the inducteeswere on display and a flyover of RVs arrangedby members of EAA Chapter 105 iondemonstrationand the taxi andparkingwiththeaircraftpropellers allstoppinginunison. A tarmac display of Van’s Aircraftline of RVs and George Bogardus’ recentlyrestored Little Gee Bee, since shipped to theSmithsonian Air & Space museum, were greatadditions for all to see. Inside the buildingwas one of Les Longs’ Harlequin enginesand two of his hand-carved propellers.EUGENE’S “SWEET” AVIATIONHISTORYBy Mike SaundersA Eugene Register Guard reporter in the ‘40swrote, “The history of Eugene’s aviation is almost thehistory of Mahlon Sweet.” It was a fair assessmentthen, and remains hard to dispute today.Born in Western Springs, Illinois in 1886,Sweet came to Eugene in 1909 to attend the Universityof Oregon. In 1913 he joined a Eugene Studebakerdealership. He loved machines and was fortunateto live in the heyday of America’s fascination forcars. At a time when it took two days to drive toMcKenzie Bridge, he became the first person to takean automobile over the McKenzie Pass.

OAHS Newsletter, September 2006 – Page 4“I drove before there roads,” he used to say.It was only fitting that Sweet was on handwhen a Canadian “Jenny”, piloted by a man namedHoagland, landed in a pasture near Friendly Streetin the spring of 1918. The pilot had flown non-stopfrom Mather Field in California.In 1919, Sweet was named chairman of theEugene Chamber of Commerce Aviation Committee.That year, at his urging, Eugene’s first municipalairport was established, the Eugene Air Park. Itwas the first municipally owned airport on the WestCoast.The Air Park was located on Chambers Street,and in later years was also known as the ChambersStreet Airport.The first airplane to be bought locally waspurchased by R.A. McCully and R.H. Pierce. The twomen operated commercially for two years, charging 15 for a 15-minute ride.Sweet, along with his friend and fellow aviationenthusiast, E.C. Simmons, organized Eugene’s firstair show. On July 4, 1919, Lt. James Krull, “one of thebest stunt flyers in the service, ” thrilled the citizensby doing aerobatics and buzzing the IndependenceDay Parade on Willamette Street.Lyle Bryson, a Eugene Daily Guard reporter,went for a 30-minute ride with Lt. Krull, and gavethis account:Skinners Butte looked perfectly level with itsold “O” sparkling in the Sunshine. Zip, pop, pop sangthe little machine and we bounced into the famousImmelman Turn. I grasped the sides of the machinefirmly, my eyes bugged out and for a moment I wasin a state of semi collapse.Lt. Krull and his 90-horse-powered Curtissbi-plane were very popular with the general public.“Small boys forgot their business of shooting offfirecrackers”, and men recently home from the warin France “champed at their bits” as they watchedKrull go through his maneuvers. At the end of hisperformance, Krull took several additional riders,including Oregon’s governor, Ben Olcott, who hitcheda free ride to Salem.In the early 1920s Eugene was home base forthe Forest Patrol, a group of Regular Army flyers onloan to the Forest Service commanded by H.H. “Hap”Arnold. Arnold was a five-star general in World WarII, and the commander of the Army air corps.Arnold and Sweet became close friends. Yearslater, near the end of World War II when the U.Spresident ordered the general to take a rest fromthe strain of commanding the largest air force onearth, General Arnold came to Eugene and waswhisked away in secret by Mahlon Sweet. They wentto Sweet’s cabin on the McKenzie for a few days offishing before returning to combat.The Forest Patrol flyers were well known inEugene. They moved about in the community circles,visited homes and generally enjoyed themselves.One of these men, Lowell Smith, commanded thefirst airplane flight around the world.The first circumnavigational flight of an aircraftaround the earth excited the imagination of thecivilized world, and was first conceived in Eugene,Oregon.As far as the government and national mediawere concerned, the official starting point of thetrip was Seattle. But for the flyers, the air park onChambers Street was the beginning.The ships were bi-planes, built special-order forthe Army by Douglas Aircraft. Thirty-six feet fromprop to tail, they had wingspans of 50 feet, and 12cylinder, 450-horsepowerd Liberty engines. Theirnames were the Seattle, the New Orleans, the Boston,and the Chicago.It was a cold April in 1924, and while the worldwaited for Seattle to launch the great adventure, theflyers tuned and overhauled their machines at theEugene Air Park. On the morning set for departure,the cold engines refused to start. These planesdidn’t have electric starters, and the propellers hadto be spun by hand to turn the engines over. MahlonSweet recalls the incident:“I said I could fix that so I jumped into my carand dashed back to the shop and got a small canof ether and dumped it into the exhaust and theengines roared. In doing this I had to remove a little

OAHS Newsletter, September 2006 – Page 5gadget and when I got done he reached down andtook a screwdriver out of my hand. He said, “That’sa pretty handy little tool; I’ll just take it along.”Sweet’s screwdriver was returned 172 daysand 26,245 miles later. The four airplanes flewnorth to Seattle, stopped for the official beginning,then continued north to Alaska. The lead plane, theSeattle, crashed into an Alaskan mountain. MajorRodrick Martin and Lt. Alva Harvey were missing for10 days, they walked to Point Moller, Alaska. Theremaining three planes flew across Alaska, downthe Aleutians to Japan, across Asia to Europe, andacross the North Atlantic via Scotland, Iceland andGreenland.The Boston sank offIceland, but Lts. Leigh Wadeand Henry Ogden wererescued by the Navy, andthe Boston II soon rejoinedthe flight. The New Orleanswas flown by Lts. LowellSmith and Leslie Arnold.The Chicago was piloted byLts. Eric Nelson and JohnHarding.When the threeremaining aircraft returnedto Eugene on September 27, 1924, they were greetedby Sweet, Mayor Earl Simmons, the governor, and8,000 spectators – the largest crowd every assembledin Eugene for any event. According to one account,“The procession of automobiles coming to the airpark was a mile long, bumper to bumper, and raiseda cloud of dust that looked like an approachingarmy.”The flyers were honored at a sell-out banquet atthe Palm Room of the Osborn Hotel, and nothing wastoo good for them. The McDonald Theater, then underconstruction, was known as the Lowell Theater forsome time, and the Lowell Apartments on the sameblock also bore the popular pilot’s name.During the following years the Eugene Air Parkcontinued to be very busy. Pacific Air Transport (laterthe United Airlines) organized in the late ‘20s, andwhile Eugene was only an emergency stop during badweather, their ships used it regularly. Mr. and Mrs.Sweet had personal acquaintances with the flyers.In 1927 Charles Lindbergh, on his tour of thecountry after his historic non-stop flight from NewYork to Paris, flew low and performed stunts overthe city.By 1939, Mahlon Sweet convinced city officialsthat Eugene needed a larger, more modern airfield.A section of land was purchased north of the city,west of Highway 99, and work began on the newairport in 1941.May 1, 1943, was declared Eugene AviationDay, and 8,500 spectators turned out to witness thenew airport’s dedication. Four North American B-25bombers from the commandofGeneral“Jimmy”Doolittle thundered in fora landing and when theyleft, the crowd cheered andwaved as the Star SpangledBanner played through aloudspeaker.When the firstcommercial airline, a UnitedAirlines DC-3, landed inEugene, Mrs. Elisha Large,wife of Eugene’s mayor,christened it the City ofEugene and cracked a bottle of champagne over thenose gear. The crowd applauded, photographerssnapped their photos, and when the plane soaredaway, its cargo included three “redside” trout packedin ice to be delivered to General “Hap” Arnold fromMahlon Sweet.Ten days later, on May 11, 1943, the airportwas named Mahlon Sweet Field, marking the firsttime in history that the Army named an airport fora person still living. Sweet accepted the honor andcontinued to be the leading supporter of aviation inthe community. He was named Eugene’s first citizenin 1945, then on Christmas Eve, 1947, he died.Indeed, “The history of Eugene’s aviation is almostthe history of Mahlon Sweet.”This article, printed by notification, first appearedin March/April 1984 Lane County Living, no longerin publication.

OAHS Newsletter, September 2006 – Page 6- BOOKS FOR SALE -“Black Cats and Outside Loops”By Walt Bohrer7KH VWRU\ RI 7H[ 5DQNLQ DV WROG E\ RQH ZKR ÁHZ DQG ZRUNHG ZLWK KLP IURP 1928 until Tex’s death in 1947. 25.00 plus 5.00 shipping and handling“Vern Gorst and the3DFLÀF LU 7UDQVSRUW LU 0DLOµBy Ron BartleyA well research account of early West Coast air mail and Vern’s YukonTerritory experiences. Includes many photographs. 30.00 plus 5.00 shipping and handlingOrder from:Oregon Aviation Historical SocietyPO Box 553Cottage Grove, OR 97424ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTEDOAHSP.O. Box 553 Cottage Grove, Oregon 97424

deserves a special place in our aviation history. The “Springfield Cadet” with original A-40 engine and . efforts to preserve and celebrate Oregon Aviation History. Fill in the blanks and return to: OR Aviation Historical Society . As far as the government and national media were concerned, the official starting point of the

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