Ionic Compounds & Metals - MrAllanScienceGFC

2y ago
1 Views
1 Downloads
775.72 KB
22 Pages
Last View : 22d ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Jayda Dunning
Transcription

Ionic Compounds &MetalsChemistry Chapter 7

Objectives Define a chemical bondDescribe the formation of ionic bonds and the structure ofionic compoundsGeneralize about the strength of ionic bonds based on thephysical properties of ionic compounds.Relate a formula unit of an ionic compound to itscompositionWrite formulas for ionic compounds and oxyanions.Apply naming conventions to ionic compounds andoxyanionsDescribe a metallic bond

Review octet rule: atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons inorder to acquire eight valence electrons compound: a chemical combination of two or moredifferent elements nonmetal: an element that is generally a gas or a dull,brittle solid and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity physical property: a characteristic of matter that can beobserved or measured without altering the sample’scomposition

Chemical Bonding A chemical bond is the force that holds two atomstogetherChemical bonds form by the attraction between the positivenucleus of one atom and the negative electrons of anotheratom 2 Types of chemical bonds Ionic bond – transfer of electron Covalent bond – sharing of electrons Octet rule - Bonded atoms attain the stable electronconfiguration of a noble gas. 8 electrons in outer shell!!

Positive Ion FormationA positively charged ion is called aCation Metals are reactive because theylose valence electrons easily Transition metals commonly form2 or 3 ions, but can form greaterthan 3 ions Stable electron arrangements arereferred to as pseudo-noble gasconfigurations.

Formation of an Ionic Bond An anion is a negatively charged ion. Nonmetal ions gain the number of electrons The electrostatic force that holds oppositely chargedparticles together in an ionic compound is called an ionicbond Compounds that contain ionic bonds are called ioniccompoundsBinary ionic compounds contain only two differentelements—a metallic cation and a nonmetallic anion Example: NaCl – yesNaOH – not binary

Different examples of ionic compound formation

Properties of Ionic Compounds The repeating pattern of particlepacking in an ionic compound iscalled an ionic crystal The strong attractions among thepositive and negative ions result inthe formation of the crystal lattice A crystal lattice is the 3D geometricarrangement of particles and isresponsible for the structure of manyminerals.

Common Ionic compound properties1.Solid Crystals at Room Temperature2.High melting & Boling points3.Brittle4.Conduct electricity (liquid or dissolved)

Properties of Ionic Compounds Melting point, boiling point, and hardness depends on thestrength of the attraction Read more in Section 7.2 about these properties In a solid, ions are locked into position and electrons cannotflow freely—solid ions are poor conductors of electricity Liquid ions or ions in aqueous solution have electronsthat are free to move, so they conduct electricity easily An ion in aqueous solution that conducts electricity is anelectrolyte

Ionic Compounds Chemical Formulas - Tells 2 things1. Elements make up a Compound2. Ratios of the atoms in Compound Subscripts represent the number of ionsof each element in an ionic compound A Formula unit represents the simplestratio of the ions involved Monatomic ions are one-atom ions Oxidation numbers: or – numberassigned to elements to show combiningability (charge) of a monatomic ionNa2ONa 1 O-2

Calcium ChlorideRules for writing Ionic CompoundsRule 1 Write the chemical symbolsRule 2 Write the metallic (cation) element 1stfollowed by anionCaRule 3 Find and write the ion chargeabove the symbolsCa 2 Cl-1Rule 4 The sum of the charges mustequal zero!!ClCa 2 Cl(-1)2 0Rule 5 Write the chemical formula using theratio used to equal zeroNotes: Don’t write numbers if the ratio is one to one Don’t write onesCaCl2

Ionic Formula Examples Potassium Sulfide K2 S Iron III Oxide Fe203 Copper I Chloride CuCl

Naming Ionic Compounds Write name of 1st element check and see if a romanNumeral is necessary Some elements have more thanone oxidation number. Use roman numerals Iron III, Fe 3 Iron II, Fe 2 Write root of 2nd element Add “ide” to rootCaOCalcium OxygenCalcium OxideOx

Naming Ionic Compounds Examples BaCl2 Barium Chloride FeO Iron II Oxide Cu2O Copper I Oxide SnO2 Tin IV Oxide

Naming Ionic Compounds Polyatomic ions are ionsmade up of more than oneatom Listed on Pink sheet Memorize, quiz!!Never change the subscriptsof polyatomic ions Don’t change names – no“ide” ending Write ( ) aroundpolyatomic ions whenusing a subscriptCalcium ChlorateCa 2 ClO3-Ca(ClO3)2CaClO32

Polyatomic Ions An oxyanion is a polyatomic ion composed of an element(usually a non-metal), bonded to one or more oxygenatoms Learn table 7.10 & 7.11 in book

Metallic Properties Boiling points are much moreextreme than melting points becauseof the energy required to separateatoms from the groups of cations andelectrons. Metals are malleable because theycan be hammered into sheets. Metals are ductile because they canbe drawn into wires.

Metal Alloys An alloy is a mixture of elements that has metallicproperties The properties of alloys differ from the elements theycontain.

Main Ideas Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose valence electrons to achieve a stable octetelectron configuration Oppositely charged ions attract each other, forming electrically neutral ioniccompounds Metals form crystal lattices and can be modeled as cations surrounded by a “sea”of freely moving valence electrons A chemical bond is the force that holds two atoms together. Some atoms form ions to gain stability. This stable configuration involves a completeouter energy level, usually consisting of eight valence electrons. Ions are formed by the loss or gain of valence electrons. The number of protons remains unchanged during ion formation.

Main Ideas Ionic compounds contain ionic bonds formed by the attraction of oppositely chargedions Ions in an ionic compound are arranged in a repeating pattern known as a crystallattice. Ionic compound properties are related to ionic bond strength. Ionic compounds are electrolytes; they conduct an electric current in the liquid phaseand in aqueous solution. A formula unit gives the ratio of cations to anions in the ionic compound A monatomic ion is formed from one atom. The charge of a monatomic ion is itsoxidation number. Roman numerals indicate the oxidation number of cations having multiple possibleoxidation states. Polyatomic ions consist of more than one atom and act as a single unit. To indicate more than one polyatomic ion in a chemical formula, place parenthesesaround the polyatomic ion and use a subscript

Main Ideas A metallic bond forms when metal cations attract freely moving, delocalized valenceelectrons In the electron sea model, electrons move through the metallic crystal and are notheld by any particular atom The electron sea model explains the physical properties of metallic solids Metal alloys are formed when a metal is mixed with one or more other elements.

Properties of Ionic Compounds Melting point, boiling point, and hardness depends on the strength of the attraction Read more in Section 7.2 about these properties In a solid, ions are locked into position and electrons cannot flow freely—solid ions are poor conductors of electricity Liquid ions or ions in aqueous solution have electrons .

Related Documents:

How do so many compounds form from relatively few elements known to exist?! . Ionic Compounds & Metals! Names & Formulas For Ionic Compounds! . Formulas For Ionic Compounds! Ionic

Binary Ionic Compounds - Bond Formation Worksheet - Key Included. chemistry if8766 answer key the best worksheets image collection. Naming ionic compounds practice worksheet name the following ionic compounds. 7-24 · naming . chemical bonding forming ionic compounds worksheet 2 answers, forming and naming ion

Chemistry 51 Chapter 5 4 IONIC COMPOUNDS Ionic compounds contain ionic bonds, which occur when electrons are transferred between two atoms. Ionic bonds occur between metals and non-metals. Atoms that lose electrons (metals) form positive ions (cations). Atoms that gain electrons (non-metals) form negative ions (an

polyatomic ions: a. amm onium ion b. sulfate ion c. sulfite ion d. carbonate ion e. nitrate ion f. permanganate ion g. hypochlorite ion h. phosphate ion i. cyanide ion j. hydroxide ion 9.2 Naming and Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds A. _ Ionic Compounds 1. What are Binary Ionic Compounds? 2.

1. Installieren Sie Ionic Framework und Cordova (da Ionic-Apps auf Cordova basieren) mit n 3 2. Starten Sie ein neues Ionic-Projekt: 3 3. Testen Sie die Ionic-App: 4 Ionic Framework Einführung und Installation und Setup 4 Ionic Framework Hallo Welt App 6 Ionische Plattform (Ionic Cloud) für Yo (Yeoman) Ionische Projekte 7 Ionische Plattform : 7

Metals vs. Non-Metals; Dot Diagrams; Ions Metals versus Non-Metals Dot Diagrams Metals are on the left side. Non-metals on the right. Metals tend to lose electrons. Non-metals gain them tight. Dot Diagrams (sometimes known as Lewis dot diagrams) are a depiction of an atom’s valence elect

2 Ionic/Covalent Beryllium nitride Li 2S Ionic/Covalent Lithium sulphide B 2O 3 Ionic/Covalent Diboron trioxide CaBr 2 Ionic/Covalent Calcium bromide Si 2Cl 6 Ionic/Covalent Disilicon hexachloride N 4S 5 Ionic/Covalent Tetranitrogen pentasulfide 2.Determine if the compound is ionic or covalent

Waves API 550 User Manual - 3 - 1.2 Product Overview . The Waves API 550 consists of the API 550A, a 3-Band parametric equalizer with 5 fixed cutoff points per band and the API 550B, a 4-Band parametric equalizer with 7 fixed cutoff points per band. Modeled on the late 1960’s legend, the API 550A EQ delivers a sound that has been a hallmark of high end studios for decades. It provides .