MRCP Revision Notes - Pass-MRCP
MRCP Revision 16171819202122232425262728293031Angina PectorisExercise ECGMyocardial InfarctionPost Myocardial Infarction ComplicationsHeart FailureB-type Natriuretic PeptideHypertrophic CardiomyopathyDilated CardiomyopathyPeripartum CardiomyopathyMyocarditisRestrictive CardiomyopathyCardiogenic Pulmonary EdemaAtrial FibrillationAtrial FlutterLong QT SyndromeTorsades De PointesWolff-Parkinson White SyndromeSupraventricular TachycardiaVentricular TachycardiaVentricular FibrillationAtrioventricular BlockArrhythmogenic Right VentricularCardiomyopathyBrugada SyndromeAortic StenosisHeyde SyndromeAortic RegurgitationBicuspid Aortic ValveMitral StenosisMitral RegurgitationMitral Valve ProlapseTricuspid 051525354555657585960616263Prosthetic Heart ValvesInfective EndocarditisRheumatic FeverAcute PericarditisConstrictive PericarditisCardiac TamponadeCongenital Heart DefectsTetralogy of FallotsAtrial Septal DefectLutembacher SyndromePatent Foramen OvaleVentricular Septal DefectPatent Ductus ArteriosusEisenmenger SyndromeCoarctation of the AortaAortic DissectionHypertensionMalignant HypertensionHypertensive States of PregnancyPre-eclampsiaPulmonary HypertensionDeep Venous ThrombosisCholesterol EmbolismVasovagal SyncopeCarotid Sinus HypersensitivityAtrial MyxomaSeptic ShockCardiac Action PotentialHeart SoundsJugular Venous Pulse WaveformExercise Physiological ChangesECGPulmonology01 Bronchial Asthma02 Occupational AsthmaPass-MRCP.com03 Bronchiolitis Obliterans04 COPDPage 1
MRCP Revision 72829Alpha-1 Antitrypsin DeficiencyAllergic Bronchopulmonary AspergillosisAspergillomaInvasive AspergillosisBronchiectasisCystic FibrosisPrimary Ciliary DyskinesiaYellow Nail SyndromeCommunity Acquired PneumoniaBacterial PneumoniaMycoplasma PneumoniaLegionnaires' DiseaseAspiration PneumoniaLung AbscessHospital-acquired PneumoniaPneumocystis Jiroveci PneumoniaHistoplasmosisNocardiosisViral PneumoniaEosinophilic PneumoniaLoeffler SyndromeTuberculosisIdiopathic Pulmonary 8394041424344454647484950515253Coal Workers' PneumoconiosisSilicosisAsbestosisHypersensitivity PneumonitisPulmonary Alveolar ProteinosisPulmonary Alveolar MicrolithiasisAcute Respiratory Distress SyndromePulmonary EmbolismHepatopulmonary SyndromeAltitude IllnessLung CancerSmall Cell Lung CancerNon-small Cell Lung CancerSuperior Vena Cava SyndromePneumothoraxPleural EffusionFamilial Mediterranean ve Sleep ApneaNarcolepsyRespiratory FailureChest X RayOxygen Dissociation Curve161718192021222324252627282930Chronic PancreatitisPancreatic PseudocystPancreatic CancerCrohn DiseaseUlcerative ColitisCeliac DiseaseTropical SprueBacterial Overgrowth SyndromeWhipple DiseaseIrritable Bowel SyndromeDiverticulitisPeutz-Jeghers SyndromeMelanosis ColiAngiodysplasia of the ColonMesenteric IschemiaGastroenterology & astroesophageal Reflux DiseaseAchalasiaPharyngeal PouchEsophagitisBarrett EsophagusEsophageal CancerEsophageal VaricesHelicobacter PyloriPeptic Ulcer DiseaseMallory-Weiss TearZollinger-Ellison SyndromeGastric CancerMALT LymphomaAcute PancreatitisPass-MRCP.comPage 2
MRCP Revision hsprung DiseaseColorectal CancerGardner SyndromeFoodborne IllnessBacterial al GastroenteritisPseudomembranous ColitisCryptosporidiumMycobacterium Avium IntracellulareAutoimmune HepatitisPrimary Biliary CirrhosisPrimary Sclerosing CholangitisParacetamol ToxicityDrug-Induced Liver DiseaseHemochromatosisWilson DiseaseNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver bert SyndromeLiver CirrhosisAscitesSpontaneous Bacterial PeritonitisBudd-Chiari SyndromeHepatorenal SyndromeHepatitis A InfectionHepatitis B InfectionHepatitis C InfectionPyogenic Liver AbscessAmoebic Liver AbscessHydatid CystsAscending CholangitisHepatocellular CarcinomaCholangiocarcinomaCholelithiasisAcute Fatty Liver of PregnancyIntrahepatic Cholestasis of PregnancyHELLP SyndromeHyperemesis Goodpasture SyndromeRenal Artery StenosisAcute PyelonephritisXanthogranulomatous PyelonephritisNephrolithiasisRenal Cell CarcinomaWilms TumorBladder CancerBenign Prostatic HyperplasiaProstate CancerTesticular CancerEpididymitisTesticular TorsionCervical CancerBartter SyndromeRenal Tubular AcidosisTumor Lysis SyndromeRefeeding SyndromeHyperkalemiaHypokalemiaNephrology & Minerals Acute Renal FailureAcute Tubular NecrosisRhabdomyolysisInterstitial NephritisContrast Induced NephropathyRenal Papillary NecrosisChronic Renal FailureMedullary Sponge KidneyPolycystic Kidney DiseaseNephrotic SyndromeMinimal Change DiseaseMembranous GlomerulonephritisFocal Segmental GlomerulosclerosisAmyloidosisNephritic SyndromeDiabetic NephropathyIgA NephropathyPoststreptococcal GlomerulonephritisMesangiocapillary GlomerulonephritisRapidly Progressive GlomerulonephritisPass-MRCP.comPage 3
MRCP Revision Notes414243444546HyponatremiaHypernatremiaCalcium MetabolismHypercalcemiaHypocalcemiaMetabolic Acidosis474849505152Metabolic AlkalosisRespiratory AlkalosisRespiratory AcidosisHypomagnesemiaHypophosphatemiaRenal Replacement 5565758596061626364656667Milk-Alkali Cushing SyndromePseudo-Cushing SyndromePrimary AldosteronismAddison DiseaseCongenital Adrenal HyperplasiaPheochromocytomaMenstrual CycleMenopauseAmenorrheaPolycystic Ovarian SyndromePremature Ovarian FailureAndrogen Insensitivity SyndromeGynecomastiaMultiple Endocrine NeoplasiaPolyglandular Autoimmune SyndromeCarcinoid SyndromeGlucagonomaInsulinomaVIPomaBreast CancerOvarian CancerType 1 Diabetes MellitusType 2 Diabetes MellitusMaturity Onset Diabetes of the YoungGestational DiabetesDiagnosis of Diabetes MellitusDiabetic KetoacidosisHyperosmolar Hyperglycemic StateFamilial HypercholesterolemiaFamilial HypertriglyceridemiaHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIIEndocrinology & 222324252627282930313233AcromegalyGrowth Hormone DeficiencyDiabetes InsipidusSyndrome of Inappropriate ituitary ApoplexySheehan SyndromeKallmann SyndromeKlinefelter SyndromeHyperthyroidismThyroid StormHypothyroidismMyxedema CrisisGraves' DiseaseHashimoto ThyroiditisPostpartum ThyroiditisSubacute ThyroiditisToxic Multinodular GoitreThyrotoxicosis FactitiaRiedel ThyroiditisSubclinical HyperthyroidismSubclinical HypothyroidismEuthyroid Sick SyndromeAmiodarone-Induced ThyrotoxicosisThyroid CancerHyperparathyroidismPrimary HyperparathyroidismSecondary HyperparathyroidismTertiary HyperparathyroidismMalignancy-associated HypercalcemiaFamilial Hypocalciuric HypercalcemiaIdiopathic HypercalciuriaPass-MRCP.comPage 4
MRCP Revision Notes68 Metabolic Syndrome69 Obesity Management70 Anorexia Nervosa71 Bulimia NervosaHematology & 222324252627Iron Deficiency AnemiaAnemia of Chronic DiseaseThalassemiaSickle Cell AnemiaSideroblastic AnemiaLeukoerythroblastic AnemiaPure Red Cell AplasiaMegaloblastic AnemiaPolycythemia VeraHemolytic AnemiaAutoimmune Hemolytic AnemiaCold Agglutinin DiseaseHereditary SpherocytosisGlucose-6-Phosphate DehydrogenaseDeficiencyParoxysmal Nocturnal HemoglobinuriaMicroangiopathic Hemolytic AnemiaDisseminated Intravascular CoagulationHemolytic Uremic SyndromeThrombotic Thrombocytopenic PurpuraIdiopathic Thrombocytopenic PurpuraHenoch-Schonlein PurpuraCoagulation CascadeHemophiliaVon Willebrand DiseaseThrombophiliaHeparin-Induced ThrombocytopeniaAntithrombin III 484950515253Factor V Leiden ThrombophiliaProtein C DeficiencyEssential ThrombocythemiaThrombocytopeniaAcute Myeloid LeukemiaAcute Promyelocytic LeukemiaChronic Myeloid LeukemiaLeukemoid ReactionAcute Lymphoblastic LeukemiaChronic Lymphocytic LeukemiaAplastic AnemiaMyelodysplastic SyndromeMyelofibrosisHairy Cell LeukemiaHodgkin LymphomaNon-Hodgkin LymphomaBurkitt LymphomaMantle Cell LmphomaMultiple MyelomaMonoclonal Gammopathy of UndeterminedSignificanceHyperviscosity SyndromeWaldenstrom on ReactionsHypereosinophilic Syndrome0910111213141516Raynaud PhenomenonMixed Connective-Tissue DiseaseRicketsPaget DiseaseOsteomalaciaOsteoporosisCorticosteroid Induced OsteoporosisStill DiseaseRheumatology & Autoimmune Disorders0102030405060708Rheumatoid ArthritisSystemic Lupus ErythematosusDrug-Induced Lupus ErythematosusSystemic SclerodermaDermatomyositis and PolymyositisPolymyalgia RheumaticaFibromyalgiaSjogren SyndromePass-MRCP.comPage 5
MRCP Revision seudogoutSeptic ArthritisOsteomyelitisRelapsing PolychondritisElbow PainDe Quervain TenosynovitisAdhesive CapsulitisSupraspinatus TendonitisAvascular NecrosisBaker CystCharcot Arthropathy303132333435363738394041Reactive ArthritisAnkylosing SpondylitisPsoriatic ArthritisWegener GranulomatosisMicroscopic PolyangiitisChurg-Strauss SyndromePolyarteritis NodosaBehcet DiseaseGiant Cell ArteritisTakayasu ArteritisKawasaki DiseaseAntiphospholipid 495051525354Motor Neuron DiseaseMultifocal Motor NeuropathyMyasthenia GravisLambert-Eaton Myasthenic SyndromeMyotonic DystrophyHereditary Spastic ParaplegiaNeuroleptic Malignant SyndromeBotulismInclusion Body MyositisAcid Maltase DeficiencyCritical Illness MyopathyCentral Pontine MyelinolysisHypokalemic Periodic ParalysisMcArdle SyndromeBecker Muscular DystrophyMitochondrial MyopathiesLocked-in SyndromeCerebrovascular AccidentGlasgow Coma ScaleIntracranial HemorrhageCerebral InfarctionLocalization of Brain LesionAphasiaLocalization of Cerebral StrokeLacunar StrokeTransient Ischemic AttackLateral Medullary 718192021222324252627Alzheimer DiseaseLewy Bodies DementiaPick DiseaseAIDS Dementia ComplexTransient Global AmnesiaNormal Pressure HydrocephalusParkinson DiseaseMultiple System AtrophyProgressive Supranuclear PalsyProgressive Multifocal LeukoencephalopathyTremorsEssential TremorCreutzfeldt-Jakob DiseaseChoreaHuntington DiseaseDystoniaOculogyric CrisisTourette SyndromeFriedreich AtaxiaAtaxia TelangiectasiaWernicke EncephalopathyEpilepsyHemiballismusRestless Legs SyndromeMultiple SclerosisGuillain-Barre SyndromeMiller Fisher SyndromePass-MRCP.comPage 6
MRCP Revision 77879808182838485868788899091Basilar Artery OcclusionVertebral Artery DissectionPontine HemorrhageLateral Pontine SyndromeCavernous Sinus ThrombosisCerebral Venous ThrombosisCarotid Artery DissectionCarotid Artery StenosisCADASIL SyndromeIdiopathic Intracranial HypertensionCSF AnalysisMeningitisNeisseria MeningitidisListeria MonocytogenesHerpes Simplex EncephalitisCerebral AbscessCryptococcus MeningitisFacial Nerve ParalysisBell PalsyRamsay Hunt SyndromeRinne and Weber TestVertigoBenign Paroxysmal Positional VertigoMeniere DiseaseAcoustic NeuromaGlomus Jugulare TumorCraniopharyngiomaOptic NeuritisMiosis and MydriasisArgyll Robertson PupilsAdie SyndromeOculomotor Nerve PalsyTrochlear Nerve PalsyAbducens Nerve PalsyInternuclear OphthalmoplegiaPosterior Communicating Artery AneurysmVisual Field Defects92 Ptosis93 Horner Syndrome94 Nystagmus95 Migraine96 Tension type Headache97 Cluster Headache98 Chronic Paroxysmal Hemicrania99 Medication Overuse Headache100 Trigeminal Neuralgia101 Post Lumbar Puncture Headache102 Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome103 Brown-Sequard Syndrome104 Subacute Combined Degeneration of SpinalCord105 Transverse Myelitis106 Arnold-Chiari Malformation107 Syringomyelia108 Phrenic Nerve Palsy109 Cervical Spondylosis110 Cervical Disc Prolapse111 Traumatic Brachial Plexopathy112 Brachial Neuritis113 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome114 Radial Nerve Palsy115 Ulnar Nerve Palsy116 Lumbar Disc Prolapse117 Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression118 Cauda Equina Syndrome119 Lumbar Spinal Stenosis120 Femoral Nerve Palsy121 Meralgia Paresthetica122 Sciatic Nerve Palsy123 Peripheral Neuropathy124 Alcoholic Neuropathy125 Diabetic Neuropathy126 Charcot Marie Tooth DiseaseOphthalmology01 Retinal Vein Occlusion02 Retinal Artery Occlusion03 Hypertensive RetinopathyPass-MRCP.com04 Diabetic Retinopathy05 Age-Related Macular Degeneration06 Retinitis PigmentosaPage 7
MRCP Revision Notes07080910CataractEctopia LentisUveitisConjunctivitis11121314Herpes Simplex 314Post-traumatic Stress DisorderChronic Fatigue SyndromeGeneralized Anxiety DisorderPhobic DisordersSomatoform DisordersObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPersonality 6474849ChickenpoxIn Utero VZV InfectionHerpes ZosterInfectious MononucleosisCytomegalovirusParvovirus B19 InfectionMeaslesMumpsDengue FeverEbolaHIVHuman utaneous Larva MigransStrongyloides StercoralisVisceral Larva MigransFilariasisCysticercosisCandidiasisVaginal DischargeVaccinesReye reniaDeliriumBipolar DisorderPostpartum Psychiatric DisordersElectroconvulsive TherapyPanic DisorderInfectious 22232425StreptococcusStaphylococcus AureusToxic shock SyndromeGonorrheaChlamydial Genitourinary mer BrucellosisQ FeverRabiesCat Scratch DiseaseTyphusLyme DiseaseLeishmaniasisAfrican TrypanosomiasisChagas DiseaseHerpes Simplex VirusAcute Herpetic GingivostomatitisPass-MRCP.comPage 8
MRCP Revision NotesDermatology & Allergic 12223242526272829303132333435AnaphylaxisHereditary AngioedemaContact DermatitisUrticariaAtopic DermatitisEczema sNecrotizing FasciitisGangreneImpetigoHerpes LabialisVitiligoPityriasis VersicolorPityriasis RoseaAcne VulgarisRosaceaSeborrheic DermatitisHypertrichosisAlopeciaAlopecia AreataTinea CapitisTinea CorporisTinea CrurisLichen PlanusLichen SclerosusDiscoid Lupus ErythematosusPsoriasisScabiesAcanthosis NigricansMorpheaErythema Ab IgneErythema Gyratum 585960616263646566676869Granuloma AnnulareOral Hairy LeukoplakiaDermatitis HerpetiformisPemphigus VulgarisBullous PemphigoidPemphigoid GestationisPolymorphic Eruption of PregnancyErythema MultiformeStevens-Johnson SyndromeToxic Epidermal NecrolysisDrug-Induced Hypersensitivity SyndromePorphyria Cutanea TardaErythema NodosumPyoderma GangrenosumNecrobiosis LipoidicaPretibial MyxedemaLivedo ReticularisMalignant MelanomaCutaneous Squamous Cell CarcinomaKeratoacanthomaActinic KeratosisCutaneous Basal Cell CarcinomaKaposi SarcomaKeloidsGenital HerpesGenital UlcersVascular UlcersHyperhidrosisOnycholysisOnychomycosisKoebner PhenomenonPhototoxicityGingival HyperplasiaDiabetic FootPharmacology & Toxicology01 Pharmacokinetics02 Drug Metabolism03 Cytochrome p450Pass-MRCP.com04 Digoxin05 Adenosine06 AmiodaronePage 9
MRCP Revision 930313233343536373839FlecainideACE InhibitorsDiureticsCalcium Channel BlockersB-BlockersB-AgonistsAlpha BlockersSmoking Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 InhibitorsTypes of InsulinCholesterol Lowering DrugsBreastfeeding ContraindicationsCorticosteroidsOral Contraceptive PillsHormone Replacement TherapySelective Estrogen-receptor ModulatorSalicylate ToxicityHeparinWarfarinIron Tablets toxics and DMARDsMonoclonal 606162636465666768697001Dopamine AgonistsBenzodiazepinesPhenytoinTriptansBotulinum ToxinSelective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsSerotonin SyndromeTricyclic Anti-DepressantsSt John’s WortAntipsychoticsLithiumPalliative Care rculous DrugsAntiviral DrugsAnti-retroviral DrugsIsotretinoinAlcohol Withdrawal SyndromeOpioid ToxicityCocaine ToxicityMDMA ToxicityOrganophosphate ToxicityEthylene Glycol ToxicityCarbon Monoxide PoisoningMethemoglobinemiaCyanide PoisoningLead PoisoningZinc DeficiencyScurvy71 Pellagra08091011121314Ehlers-Danlos SyndromeFabry DiseaseFragile X SyndromeGalactosemiaHereditary Hemorrhagic TelangiectasiaHomocystinuriaLesch-Nyhan SyndromeGenetics & Hereditary Disorders01020304050607Patterns of InheritanceNeurofibromatosisTuberous SclerosisAcute Intermittent PorphyriaAlport SyndromeCystinuriaDown SyndromePass-MRCP.comPage 10
MRCP Revision Notes15161718Marfan SyndromeMcCune-Albright SyndromePhenylketonuriaPseudoxanthoma Elasticum19202122Refsum DiseaseTurner SyndromeVon Hippel-Lindau DiseaseWiskott-Aldrich Syndrome13141516171819202122Inflammatory MediatorsLayers of the SkinForamina of the SkullRenal AnatomyRelative RiskIncidence and PrevalenceSensitivity and SpecificityStudy DesignFitness to FlyDriver and Vehicle Licensing Agency Rules(DVLA)Basic Sciences & Statistics010203040506070809101112Human Leukocyte AntigenHypersensitivity ReactionsImmunoglobulinsAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)Primary ImmunodeficiencyInflammatory MarkersRheumatoid FactorAlkaline PhosphataseAtrial Natriuretic PeptideNitric OxideEndothelinInterferonsPass-MRCP.comPage 11
MRCP Revision NotesCardiologyAngina PectorisAngina pectoris is the sensation of chest pain due to ischemia of the heart muscle from obstruction or spasm of thecoronary arteries.Features of pain: Chest discomfort rather than actual pain located in the epigastrium, back, neck area, jaw, or shoulders The pain is precipitated by physical activities (running, walking), cold weather, heavy meals, and emotional stress No autonomic symptoms as diaphoresis Lasts less than 15 minutes Relieved by rest or sublingual nitroglycerin within about 5 minutesDiagnosis of stable angina is unlikely if the chest pain is: Continuous Very prolonged Unrelated to activity Brought on by breathing inAssociated with symptoms such as dizziness,palpitations, tingling or difficulty swallowingDiagnosis ECG is normal during episodes and will show more than 1 mm ST depression Troponin will be less than 0.03, Levels 0.03 are indicative of unstable angina An exercise ECG may be used to confirm the chest pain is caused by myocardial ischemia MPS (Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy) with SPECT (Single photon emission computed tomography), CT coronaryangiography or stress echocardiography are non-invasive functional testing Coronary angiogram second-line investigation when the results of non-invasive functional imaging are inconclusiveManagementProviding immediate relief Relief of symptoms by short-acting nitrate as sublingual nitroglycerin Dose is to be repeated the after 5 minutes if the pain has not been relieved Call an emergency ambulance if the pain has not been relieved 5 minutes after taking a second dosePass-MRCP.comPage 12
MRCP Revision NotesAnti-anginal drug treatment B-blocker or a calcium channel blocker as first-line treatment for stable angina. Decide which drug to use based oncomorbidities, contraindications (asthma in B-blockers and headache and heart failure in calcium channel blocker)and the person's preference If the person's symptoms are not satisfactorily controlled on a B-blocker or a calcium channel blocker, considereither switching to the other option or using a combination of the 2 Alternatives for B-blocker or a calcium channel blocker are long-acting nitrate,
Pass-MRCP.com Page 6 17 Osteoarthritis 18 Gout 19 Pseudogout 20 Septic Arthritis 21 Osteomyelitis 22 Relapsing Polychondritis 23 Elbow Pain 24 De Quervain Tenosynovitis 25 Adhesive Capsulitis 26 Supraspinatus Tendonitis 27 Avascular Necrosis 28 Baker Cyst 29 Charcot Arthropathy .
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Anatomy Fig 1. Upper limb venous anatomy [1] Vessel Selection Right arm preferable to left (as the catheter is more likely to advance into the correct vessel), vessel selection in order: 1. Basilic 2. Brachial 3. Cephalic Pre-procedure Patient information and consent Purpose of procedure, risks, benefits, alternatives. Line care: Consider using local patient information leaflet as available .
