Visual & Performing Arts, Entire Document
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION - FALL 1998F R A M E WO R KC U R R I C U L U MNew JerseyVisual and Performing Arts Framework
NEW JERSEYVISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTSCURRICULUM FRAMEWORKA Document in Support of theCore Curriculum Content Standardsin the Visual and Performing ArtsCHRISTINE TODD WHITMANGovernorLEO KLAGHOLZCommissioner of EducationELLEN M. SCHECHTERAssistant CommissionerDivision of Academic and Career StandardsJAY DOOLANDirectorOffice of Standards and Professional DevelopmentROBERTA CAROLArts & Gifted Education SpecialistFramework Project CoordinatorNovember 1998PTM #1500.64iNEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
NEW JERSEYVISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTSCURRICULUM FRAMEWORKVisit the Visual and Performing Arts Curriculum Framework on theNew Jersey State Department of Education Web Site:http://www.state.nj.us/educationPermission is granted to duplicate this document for educational purposes.Please acknowledge the New Jersey State Department of Education.Fall 1998New Jersey State Department of EducationiiNEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
AcknowledgmentsThe New Jersey Department of Education gratefully acknowledges the thoughtful contributionsand outstanding efforts of the many educators, parents, and citizens who have worked on thisFramework Project. We especially wish to note with appreciation those who served on the TaskForce that developed this document (see Appendix); our partner organization, The New JerseyPerforming Arts Center; and the state’s professional arts associations.Cover Design: Bruce GarrityPublication Design: NSchmidt Dezign GroupiiiNEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
New Jersey State Board of EducationMAUD DAHME, PresidentAnnandaleWENDEL E. DANIELS, Vice PresidentLakewoodDONALD C. ADDISON, Jr.TrentonJEAN D. ALEXANDERAbseconMARGARET M. BENNETTLittle SilverS. DAVID BRANDTCherry HillRONALD K. BUTCHERPitmanANNE S. DILLMANPerth AmboyORLANDO EDREIRAElizabethTHOMAS P. McGOUGHFlorham ParkDANIEL J. P. MORONEYCedar GroveSAMUEL J. PODIETZLumberton TownshipROBERT A. WOODRUFFElmerLEO KLAGHOLZ, Commissioner of EducationSecretary, State Board of EducationivNEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
Table of ContentsIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Chapter 1:COGNITIVE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Chapter 2:THE ARTS AND WORKPLACE READINESS STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Chapter 3:ACTIVITIES SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Dance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Theater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Visual Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Chapter 4:DESIGN: THE ART OF WORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143Chapter 5:INSTRUCTIONAL ADAPTATIONS FOR STUDENTS WITH DIVERSE NEEDS . . . . 149Instructional Adaptations for Students with Disabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . 152Instructional Adaptations for Exceptionally Able Students. . . . . . . . . . . 159Instructional Adaptations for Students with Limited English Proficiency . 167Appendix:FRAMEWORK CONTRIBUTORSLeadership Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176Task Force Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177vNEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
List of TablesTable 1.1Multiple Intelligences Blend Interdisciplinary Connections with the Arts . . .9Table 1.2Multiple Intelligences: Teachers’ Grid to DevelopInterdisciplinary Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Table 1.3Instructional Verbs and Tasks/Products Associatedwith the Levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Table 1.4Activities for Systems Thinking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Table 2.1The Visual and Performing Arts Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Table 2.2Workplace Readiness Short Phrase List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Table 2.3Suggestions for Integrating Workplace Readiness Indicatorsin the Arts Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Table 2.4Teachers’ Grid to Develop Activities for IntegratingWorkplace Indicators in Arts Curricula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Table 2.5Suggested Categories of Activities for Use of Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Table 2.6Implementation Grid for Technology Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Table 2.7Teachers’ Implementation Grid to Meet TechnologyStandards and Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Table 4.1Aspects of Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Table 4.2Design Possibilities from the Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147Table 4.3Potential for Design Activities Shelter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148viNEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
List of FiguresFigure 4.1 The Design Problem-Solving Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Figure 5.1 Relationship between the Standards and Frameworks,the General Education Curriculum, and IEPs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152viiNEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
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IntroductionHistorical BackgroundOn May 1, 1996, the State Board of Education adopted a set of Core Curriculum ContentStandards in seven content areas along with a set of Cross-Content Workplace ReadinessStandards that apply to all subject areas. Since the adoption of these standards, frameworkshave been developed to assist local districts in the implementation of the standards. The NewJersey State Department of Education and its corporate partner, the New Jersey PerformingArts Center, convened a task force in June 1997 composed of distinguished K-12 educators,higher education representatives, and professionals in the arts. This task force was chargedwith designing a Visual and Performing Arts Curriculum Framework for New Jersey.The intent of this Framework is to support the educational content reform in arts edu-cation that was initiated by the New Jersey Visual and Performing Arts Core Curriculum ContentStandards and to generate higher levels of achievement for all students in arts education.All learning takes place through the senses, sharpened and honed through activeengagement in dance, music, theater, and visual arts. Our memories are stored and accessedin the mind through our perceptions of sounds, smells, tastes, images, sounds, and kinesthetics. Thought processes in creative arts are continuously practiced: observation, divergentthinking, analysis, synthesis, and reflection. Art-making requires keen awareness, total immersion, and the thoughtful habit of framing problems and finding solutions, using appropriatemedia and technology. The present sensory overload from electronic media demands that students be highly perceptive and able to differentiate reality from virtual reality.The arts are a catalyst for curriculum integration and learning. This was the funda-mental premise behind New Jersey’s recent adoption of the arts as one of the seven core academic subjects. Arts education provides students with opportunities to develop creative,expressive skills and enjoy active participation as doer and critical/analytical viewer.Productions of music, theater and dance require not only individual skills, but cooperativeeffort. A challenging arts education program provides a constructivist, experiential education—just right for the school-to-career transition.1NEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
IntroductionThe purpose of the Visual and Performing Arts Standards is to improve studentachievement in arts education, not arts-as-entertainment, not art-assembly projects, not artas-activity. An education in the arts requires curricular scope and sequence and the intellectual rigor of experiential learning. The Visual and Performing Arts Standards require that allstudents at the elementary level experience arts education in all four arts disciplines: dance,music, theater, and visual arts. As students become selective in their preferred form of artistic expression at the middle and high school levels, they are expected to gain expertise indance, music, theater, and/or visual arts.Knowing the DifferenceMakes the DifferenceNot all art-related experiences should be considered arts education. Please note the differencesamong the following definitions. Arts Education:An integral, sequential curricular program of knowledge and skillsto be acquired and applied. Arts Enrichment:Part of an educational program (e.g., a field trip to a museum orgallery, the opera or concert) related to the curriculum. Arts Entertainment:Viewing for diversion or amusement: movies, videos, television,performances, or the like. Arts Exposure:A new experience with the arts, such as a demonstration, lecture,or performance by an artist.2NEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
This Framework provides guidance for infusion of the arts, workplace readiness, andIntroductioncognitive skills standards, for selected indicators, in delivery instruction. It is not intended tobe a substitute for the district curriculum in the arts; the sample activities that are includedare intended simply as ideas to help educators revamp or recreate their own activities in support of the standards. The Framework is designed as a toolbox to gain easy access to methodsfor implementation of the standards and indicators. The standards have specified the resultsbut not the means of achieving them, affirming the importance of local district decision anddiscretion. Each district knows best which curriculum designs and instructional strategies aremost appropriate for its students. The activities included are to be considered merely as examples and are not mandated.The framework developers for the Visual and Performing Arts sought a format that was succinct and user friendly. Several hundred educators reviewed this document and acclaimed thatthese goals were metTools to broaden the studentsí thinking skills are found in Chapter 1. Knowledge ofcognitive styles and levels creates and enables the flexibility for each student to be providedwith challenging work based on individual ability level and learning styles. Chapter 1 isintended to inform teaching and learning about cognitive development, a requirement of theCross Content Workplace Readiness Standards. Providing each student with challenging workbased on individual ability level and learning style is possible only with in-depth knowledgeof cognition. To whet the appetite for additional research in metacognition, an overview ofseveral cognitive theories are included: A comparison of right and left brain functions and approaches to a task; A description of multiple intelligences, as identified by Howard Gardner; A listing of instructional verbs and products categorized according to Bloom’staxonomy; A description of the factors and behaviors that contribute to creative thinking; and A description and samples of systems thinking: the ability to think through processes, practices and projects.3NEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
IntroductionEducators are encouraged to investigate other theories and research on the brain, the mind,the senses, and metacognition. Several grids reflect the connections between the arts and various thinking skills, levels, and other subject areas. Blank grids are provided for district levelteachers to brainstorm their own connections. Grids or tables for the teachers’ use when brainstorming similar activities are included in the chapter. See the tables listed below to viewthese samples. Table 1.1 (p. 9)suggests arts projects that challenge the various intelligencesdescribed by Howard Gardner. Table 1.2 (p. 10) for teacher use in designing arts studio assignments Table 1.3 (p. 11) Bloom’s taxonomy Table 1.4 (p. 13) suggests activities for systems thinking in the artsFor easy reference, when developing curriculum and lesson plans, the six Arts Standards arelisted in Table 2.1 (p. 17) and Table 2.2 (p. 18) contains a “short phrase” list of the WorkplaceReadiness Standards. Suggestions for integrating the accompanying indicators in the arts curriculum are presented in Table 2.3 (p. 21); and Table 2.4 (p. 22) is a blank grid for teacheruse to brainstorm related activities. The second half of Chapter 2 focuses on the use of technology in arts education, providing guidance for the implementation of the second workplacereadiness standard.The Activities Section (Chapter 3) provides instruction for the use and purpose of the sug-gested activities. It is important that it be understood that the activities designed to meetthe standards and indicators are merely suggested and not required. Teachers may adopt,adapt or replace them with ideas of their own. Design education is highlighted to alert curriculum developers and teachers to the requirements of Standard 1.6 in all of the arts. To further assist arts educators in the implementation of design in classroom instruction, Chapter 4explains the process of design and a number of instructional topics, thematically linked. Thearts disciplines of dance, music, theater and visual arts have their own introductory statements so that they can be distributed with the individual sections to the appropriate specialists. Some adaptations for special populations are provided in Chapter 5. Expertsin the education of the specific populations provided the input for these adaptations.4NEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
Chapter1RELATETHINKING SKILLSTO THE ARTS2nd Grader, Jessee Samper is working on hisprinted tessellation inspired by M.D. Escher.Brunswick Acres School, Kendall ParkNEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
RELATE THINKING SKILLSTO YOUR ACTIVITIES:Chapter 1A Few Theoriesto Work with.BRAIN HEMISPHERESThe brain has right and left hemispheres with distinct functions: Left:Rational, logical, sequential, linear, and concrete Right:Intuitive, imagery, holistic, spatial, and abstractTasks should be designed to take advantage of the part of the brain that best serves the successful completion of the task. For example, the students are given the task of drawing a portrait. A portrait is an image. A mathematical, left brain approach provides the students withan oval dissected with lines to reflect placement of the eyes, nose, and mouth. This geometric/mathematical approach fails as soon as the subject slightly turns or tilts the head. The ovalprohibits accuracy of facial lines; all faces do not fit the pattern provided.Visual perception of the image, a right brain approach, requires the student to focus and concentrate on details of shape as well as linear and spatial proportions. (Note: See spatial intelligence defined in the “Multiple Intelligences” section that follows.) Students analyze theidentifying differences in the shape of each other’s mouth, eyes, and other facial features.They draw several of each feature for comparison. Next, they draw one classmate beginningwith one feature, then extend outward to incorporate the other features. They follow throughwith the hairline and facial outline attending to proportions and placement. This methodallows students to alter the tilt and turn of the head and still obtain a good likeness.There is generally a “best” approach to completion of a task. Knowledge and incorporation ofthinking skills, thinking styles, and levels of thinking enable teachers and students to achieveat higher levels of performance.Resource: Sperry, R.W., 1974. “Lateral Specialization in the Surgically Separated Hemispheres.” In F. Schmitt and F. G. Worden,eds., The Neurosciences: Third Study Program. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.6NEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCESIn “Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences,” 1983, Howard Gardner wrote that astudy of children’s growth and development suggests a number of distinct intelligences (related to patterns of thinking or thinking styles). Linguistic: Sensitivity to the order and meanings of words; sounds, rhythms, inflec-Chapter 1tions, and meters of words; and the function of words: to excite, convince, stimulate,convey information, or simply to please. Logical-mathematical: The ability to appreciate the actions performed upon objects(confronting, ordering/reordering) and assessment of quality relations among thoseactions; statements/propositions about actual or potential actions and the relationships among those statements. Spatial: The capacity to perceive the visual world accurately; to perform transformations and modifications upon one’s initial perceptions; and to be able to recreateaspects of one’s visual experience, even in the absence of relevant physical stimuli.Sensitivity to patterns, forms, and the whole. Bodily-kinesthetic: Use of the body as an object to express self and feelings; aspirations/use of body parts (including hands) to arrange, transform, and manipulateobjects in the world. Musical: The ability to discern meaning and importance in sets of pitches rhythmi-cally arranged and also to produce such metrically arranged pitch sequences as a meansof communicating to other individuals. Interpersonal: The external aspect of a person: the ability to notice and make distinctions among other individuals—in particular, their moods, temperaments, motivations, and intentions. Intrapersonal: The internal aspects of a person: the capacity to effect discrimina-tions among feelings, range of affects, or emotions; and to label them, enmesh themwith symbolic codes, and draw upon them to understand and guide one’s own behavior.7NEW JERSEY VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
Table 1.1Blend Multiple Intelligences, the Arts and Interdisciplinary Connections:INTELLIGENCESARTSLANGUAGE ARTSMATHEMATICSSCIENCESOCIAL STUDIESLINGUISTICDescribe how artelements are composedfor aesthetic effect inan artwork.Read and report on abiography of an artistand what influencedhis/her work.Write step-by-stepinstructions for mattinga drawing.Describe and giveexamples of how newbuilding materials changethe design of commercialarchitecture.Describe the impact ofsocial/political ideas onartists of theRenaissance.LOGICAL/MATHEMATICALDiagram choreographyon paper.Prepare a marketing planfor sale of tickets to atargeted audience.Create a modular designfor construction of abuilding complex.Diagram the workings ofa musical instrument.Analyze your artisticproduct based on ateacher-provided rubric.SPATIALDraw an architecturalstructure on-site withvisual perspective.Present orally, withdemonstration, threeways to represent 3-Dspace, two dimensionally.Measure and diagramyour backyard or otherarea and designlandscaping for its use.Explain how “what youknow” interferes with thevisual interpretation ofperspective drawing.Create a timeline (1900to present) citingprominent composersand the social influenceson their work.BODILY/KINESTHETICStudy, rehearse, andpractice movement,vocal delivery, andemotional tension inacting/vocal music.List 10 qualities of anatural object. Translatethose qualities to ahuman personality,andcreate a character for aplay.In your journal, list yourfood intake for one week,and calculate the rate atwhich you burn caloriesthrough dan
Visual and Performing Arts Curriculum Framework for New Jersey. The intent of this Framework is to support the educational content reform in arts edu-cation that was initiated by the New Jersey Visual and Performing Arts Core Curriculum Content Standards and to generate higher levels of achievement for all students in arts education.
the visual and performing arts program at your child's school, key resources for getting started are provided. The arts learning examples in this guide are based on the Visual and Performing Arts Framework for California Public Schools, the California Visual and Performing Arts Content Standards and the National Core Arts Standards. While .
Denver Center for the Performing Arts. Denver, CO . Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts. Orlando, FL . Hult Center for the Performing Arts. Eugene, OR . Hylton Performing Arts Center. Manassas, VA . Jazz at Lincoln Center. New York, NY . Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts. Philadelphia, PA . Lesher Center for the Arts. Walnut Creek .
Visual and Performing Arts Framework. Curriculum Commission Chair Karen Yamamoto and the members of the Curriculum Commission’s Visual and Performing Arts Subject Matter Com-mittee, a subcommittee of the Curriculum Commission, provided outstanding leadership in overseeing the development and editing of the Visual and Perform-ing Arts Framework:
Essential Components of Visual and Performing Arts Education . Outlined in this section are three major components for maintaining a strong visual and performing arts experience throughout the 2020-2021 school year and beyond. These include . social emotional learn ing (SEL), asset-based pedagogy, and . arts integration. Arts educators
the Arts Grade(s): 3-5 Theme(s): Visual and Performing Arts: Visual Art, Dance, Music, Theater Principal: Carla Rivas Dr. Michael M. Krop Senior High School STAR Academy Grade(s): 9-12 Theme(s): Students Training in the Arts Repertory (STAR) Academy is a Visual and Performing Arts (Instrumental, Choral, Dance, Theatre and Visual Arts)
Performing Arts 35 Qualification structure of the Pearson BTEC Level 1/Level 2 First Diploma in Performing Arts (Acting) 37 Qualification structure of the Pearson BTEC Level 1/Level 2 First Diploma in Performing Arts (Dance) 39 Qualification structure of the Pearson BTEC Level 1/Level 2 First Diploma in Performing Arts (Production) 41
The Journal of Performing Arts Leadership in Higher Education is a peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the enrichment of leadership in the performing arts in higher education. Goals 1. To promote scholarship applicable to performing arts leadership 2. To provide juried research in the field of performing arts leadership 3.
Waterhead 1003 1346 St James 1041 1393 Chadderton South 1370 964 Failsworth West 1596 849 Chadderton North 2038 791 Chadderton Central 2096 695 Failsworth East 2234 643 Shaw 2295 893 Royton South 3008 628 Royton North 3297 808 Crompton 3858 510 Saddleworth West and Lees 3899 380 Saddleworth North 5892 309 Saddleworth South 6536 260 3.3 There is a wealth of evidence to suggest links between .
