Tom Kenny - Nice Talking With You

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Tom Kenny

cambridge university pressCambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town,Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Mexico CityCambridge University Press79 Anson Road, #06-04/06, Singapore 079906www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 2012This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exceptionand to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,no reproduction of any part may take place without the writtenpermission of Cambridge University Press.First published in print format 2012This Online format 09-8978-0-521-18812-8978-0-521-18808-1paperback Teacher’s Manual 2paperback Student’s Book 2paperback Teacher’s Manual 1paperback Student’s Book 1This Online Teacher’s Manual is not for sale.

ContentsPlan of the Student’s Bookpage 4Introductionpages 5 – 7Teaching NotesUnit 1pages 8 – 13Unit 2pages 14 – 16Unit 3pages 17 – 19Unit 4pages 20 – 22Unit 5pages 23 – 26Unit 6pages 27 – 29Review 1Units 1 – 6pages 30 – 31Unit 7pages 32 – 34Unit 8pages 35 – 37Unit 9pages 38 – 40Unit 10pages 41 – 43Unit 11pages 44 – 46Unit 12pages 47 – 50Units 7 – 12pages 51 – 52Conversation listening audio scriptspages 53 – 64Review 2Appendix3

Plan of the Student’s BookWelcome to Nice Talking with YouUnit TopicConversation strategies1Long timeno seeGetting someone’sattentionStarting a “catch-up”conversationPre-closing aconversationClosing aconversationpages 7–142My placeIntroducing a new ideaMaking a general invitationAccepting a generalinvitationpages 15–223MoneyIntroducing a new topicGiving a presentAccepting a presentpages 23–304Going outIntroducing a suggestionMaking a specificinvitationAccepting a specificinvitationDeclining a specificinvitationpages 31–385FashionChanging the focusof a topicGiving a complimentAsking for anexplanationBeginning anexplanationpages 39–466LearningPreparing the listenerAsking permissionMaking a promiseGiving permissionpages 47–54Review 14pages 4–6Units 1–6pages 55–587ExperienceabroadIntroducing a requestAsking for adviceGiving advicepages 59–668HealthIntroducing a relatedcommentMaking an offerDeclining an offerpages 67–749PersonalitiesIntroducing a personalquestionSoftening yourresponseGetting time to thinkpages 75–8210CareersAsking a favorDescribing the favorAgreeing to helppages 83–9011Introducing a familiar topicPersonalentertainment Asking for an opinionGiving an opinionExploring theopinionpages 91–9812SomethingspecialMaking an inferencepages 99–106Starting an explanationSummarizing yourcommentsReview 2Units 7–12pages 107–110AppendixConversation strategiespage 111Nice Talking with You 2 Teacher’s Manual

IntroductionWhy we wrote this textbookConversation strategies are powerful tools, yet simple for students to understand. I tell my students:Use these words/phrases/strategies when you need them. They’ll help you keep the conversationgoing, fix communication problems, and react in English. Use them and you’ll be able to speakEnglish in short conversations on simple topics.Using Nice Talking with You 1, my students get their first training in English fluency practice. The nextstep is to encourage them to extend their discourse, and there are of course many ways to do that. NiceTalking with You 2 achieves this by focusing on two key goals, both within the reach of students whohave completed basic fluency training: Learning to say more Learning to do more in a conversation than just talk about a topicTo push students toward these goals, students need practice extending the length of their turns andperforming simple interpersonal or transactional functions. Let’s look at how this text does this.Learning to say moreTo encourage learners to say more, students will learn discourse markers like Speaking of, You knowwhat?, By the way, Can I ask you something?, Hey, and I have an idea. These phrases serve to introduce anew segment of discourse within a conversation. For example, Can I ask you something? can be used tosignal a shift from chatting generally about a topic to asking a personal question related to the topic. It’sespecially helpful for students to have a small repertoire of such phrases and expressions to replace theover-used (and widely misused) phrase By the way.Students will also acquire phrases that are open-ended and demand clause- or sentence-length utterancesto complete, such as I guess, I think, I mean, It sounds like, and So, in other words. In this way, students wholearned in level 1 of Nice Talking with You to respond with the formulaic phrase That sounds good are nowchallenged to take it to the next level by saying something like It sounds like that’s a good way to stay healthy.Learning to do more in a conversation than just talk about a topicStudents who have experienced their first taste of fluency by mastering basic conversation strategies,such as those presented in Nice Talking with You 1, are ready to internalize the conversation strategies theyneed to perform the short role plays introduced in Nice Talking with You 2. Unlike dialogues, the languageto be used for role plays is not dictated. Role plays add a new dimension to the students’ conversationsby providing them with tangible tasks but the freedom to use their imagination to perform them.In my experience with teaching English-speaking skills to university students, I’ve found that learnersare familiar with role-play dialogues from their earlier study of English. They quickly pick up the ideathat there are different kinds of role plays: some are transactional; some are interpersonal. Transactionalrole plays include ordering food in a restaurant and booking a hotel room; interpersonal role playsinclude asking for help, permission, advice, and invitations. There is little discourse before and aftertransactional role plays because the speakers have only a temporary business relationship. Interpersonalrole plays, on the other hand, are suited for people who know each other, and constitute a small sceneto be performed within a larger discourse picture. These are the role plays that Nice Talking with You 2focuses on.My goal with Nice Talking with You 2 is therefore to give teachers a text that will help their students bothsay more and do more than before. It builds on language students know but have not yet used in spokenform. Most of all, it follows the style of level 1, with conversation strategies clearly at the forefront ofinstruction, so that all the students in the classroom know that these strategies are the tools that helpthem achieve the goal of speaking English naturally and with confidence.5

Conversation strategiesConversation strategies form the focal point of Nice Talking with You. On each double-page Conversationstrategies section, several strategies and related expressions are presented. In level 1, they functionby guiding the flow of conversation around a specific topic. In level 2, the first strategy serves tointroduce a new topic or change the focus of a conversation in some way, while subsequent strategiesusually guide a role play related to the unit topic. For example, the topic of Unit 2, My place, is aboutstudents’ homes and neighborhoods. The first strategy shows how to introduce a new idea, in this casean invitation to visit a student’s home. The subsequent strategies focus on how to make and accept suchgeneral invitations.The first strategy does not always have to be taught first. In my experience, it is often easier to havestudents practice this after they have practiced the conversation strategies that guide the role plays, whichstudents perform as part of the timed conversations of the Do it! section. In most units, you will havethe option of introducing the first strategy after the others, in which case I recommend this be done justbefore students begin the timed conversations.Why “Noticing”?In each of the units, I have included noticing activities. I believe that training students to notice is animportant role of a language-learning class. The following is a very basic and simplified explanation ofwhy I train my students to notice features in language. I have kept the terms and concepts intentionallysimple. Please refer to the bibliography if you would like to learn more about this essential issue insecond-language acquisition.Krashen’s Input Hypothesis was for many years the predominant framework within which explanationsfor how learners learn a language were made. The basic premise of the hypothesis is that learners acquirelanguage unconsciously by listening to language just beyond their ability. If they receive enough languageat the right level and in the right environment, then they are on the route to becoming successful speakers.Language learning researchers, however, are finding evidence contrary to Krashen’s theory. They feel, asdoes the author, that consciousness plays a much larger role in learning a language than was previouslythought. In order to learn a language, we must notice features in the language. What we don’t notice, wecannot learn. This is true for pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and cultural aspects of the language.Although higher-frequency occurrence of a language item can increase our chances of noticing it,frequency doesn’t always dictate what we come to be able to say. What we are able to notice has moresignificance. Here are two findings that have contributed to the conclusion that learning is a consciousprocess and thus that training in noticing is an important skill that students need in order to besuccessful speakers: In a comprehensive study of a beginner learner of conversational Portuguese, researchers found thatthe learner, an adult male, used what he was taught if he heard it and noticed it. It wasn’t enough forthe form to be taught and drilled in class. Unless the form was consciously noticed in the input, thelearner was unable to use it in his output. Native English speakers in French immersion schools start taking their classes in French fromas early as kindergarten. The students are able to understand their teachers, gain knowledge inindividual subjects in French, but they do not reach native-like production competency despite 12years in an ideal acquisition environment. Researchers have pointed out that one reason for theirfailure to do so is because the learners are not conscious of language to the point of noticing formsin the language. Getting the gist of what someone says will allow learners to retrieve meaning butnot many other important features of the language, such as pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.They can understand something by putting vocabulary together and guessing, but this level ofunderstanding is not enough to be able to speak.Until quite recently, the concept of noticing had been confined to research dealing with native input.Although it is very important to provide students with a large amount of native-speaker “correct” input,research now shows that noticing one’s own output also has benefits. When students produce language,it can help them notice what they can say and what they can’t say. They notice the gaps in their language,and this leads them to work on removing these gaps by learning new words and testing their hypotheses6Nice Talking with You 2 Teacher’s Manual

about forms that are beyond their present level of ability. An additional benefit that comes from focusingon production is that structures become more automatic and easily produced.As we learn more about the active role speaking has in learning a language, I have become convinced thatstudents have much to benefit from even when they speak with their non-native-speaking classmates.These findings have resulted in the introduction of many activities in Nice Talking with You 2.Do it! Timed conversationsWe must provide students with opportunities to produce language. In this way, they can test theirhypotheses about language. With no opportunities to produce, students will not know what they can sayand what they cannot say.Do it! Noticing my partner’s EnglishWe need to design activities that encourage students to notice their own language and the languageof their partners. This noticing provides immediate benefits for their interactions with partners inthe classroom. Students can learn many things about language from their classmates. Also, since theirclassmates are near-peer role models, their language often provides the optimal level of input.Conversation listening: Noticing the conversation strategiesAfter we present a conversation strategy, students engage in a listening activity that has them noticethe use of the strategy. They then practice conversations with the goal of using the strategy in theirconversation. This leads to noticing practice, where they use the conversation strategies and notice the useof the strategy in their partners’ language or their own.The most important point of all these activities is to provide students with consciousness-raisingactivities. I believe that explaining the importance of noticing and training students to perform this skillwill allow them to heighten their learning in the classroom and learn more from any input.Tom KennyBibliographyKenny, T. Conversation strategies, timed practice, and ‘noticing’ in large oral communicationclasses. In: Cornwall, et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the JALT 1996 international conference onlanguage teaching/learning, pp. 106-110. 1997.Krashen, S. D. The Input Hypothesis: Issues and Implications. London: Longman. 1985.Murphey, T. Near peer role models. Teacher talking to teacher., JALT Teacher Education, SIGNewsletter, 4 (3), 21-22. 1996.Pica, T., Lincoln-Porter, F., Paninos, D. and Linnell, J. Language learners’ interaction: How does itaddress the input, output and feedback needs of L2 learners? TESOL Quarterly 30, 1, 59-84. 1996.Robinson, P. Review Article: Attention, memory and the noticing hypothesis. Language Learning,45 (2), 283-331. 1995.Schmidt, R., & Frota, S. Developing basic conversational ability in a second language: A case studyof an adult learner of Portuguese. (1985). In R.R. Day (ed.), Talking to learn: Conversation insecond language acquisition (pp. 237-326). Rowley, MA: Newbury House. 1986.Schmidt. R. W. The role of consciousness in second language learning. Applied Linguistics. 11(2),129-158. 1990.Swain, M. Three functions of output in second language. In: G. Cook & B. Seidlhofer (Eds.),Principle and practice in applied linguistics (pp. 125-144). Oxford University Press. 1995.7

Long time no seeNOTETo limit the amount of repetition, complete guidance is provided for Unit 1 only.When teaching subsequent units, please refer to Unit 1 as necessary.Conversation strategiesGetting someone’s attention / Starting a “catch-up” conversation /Pre-closing a conversation / Closing a conversationLikes and dislikesConversation questionsPage 7Page 9This warm-up section is designed to personalizethe topic for the student. You can do this in classas a warm-up or assign it for homework and havestudents review it in pairs at the beginning ofthe lesson. Either way, it is recommended thatyou encourage your students to visit the Web sitewww.nicetalkingwithyou.com, where they canshare opinions with people around the world. Chorus the sentences. Listen for correctpronunciation. Students often benefit fromseeing a phonetic example written on theboard. For example, you can write “Whaddavyou been doing?” Make sure students understand the meaningof each sentence. Remind them to ask theirpartners when they don’t understand. Give students 1 minute to memorize thethree questions. Use a timer with a beeper ifpossible. When students are finished, pick a student tomodel the activity with. Let the student be A,while you are B. Then switch. Have students ask their partners thequestions. Remind them to close their books.The time for this section will vary. Twominutes for each set of partners in theirgroup should be enough. Students can useconversation strategies from previous units asappropriate. If class time allows, ask students to find apartner from outside their group to practicewith. Encourage students to get up from theirseats to find a partner as quickly as possibleand to sit down as soon as they are finished.Words and phrasesPage 7This section serves to introduce the targetvocabulary items for the unit. There are typically30 items, arranged alphabetically. You can dothis in class or assign it for homework. You maywant to have students group the lexical items intonouns, adjectives, verbs, etc.Match it / Fill it in /Put it togetherPage 8Track 2These three sections provide controlled practiceof the words and phrases on the previous page.You can do these in class or assign them forhomework. If assigned for homework, directstudents to check their homework with eachother. (This is a good opportunity to check whohas done the homework.) Have the students write the question numberon the line. Review the answers either by giving them tothe class or eliciting them from individualstudents or groups of students. Werecommend that answers be given by readingthe entire sentence in which the word is found. For Put it together, you can also play therecording and have students check their answers.8Nice Talking with You 2 Teacher’s ManualWatch out!Page 9This section is designed to raise students’awareness of common mistakes. Have students read the incorrect and correctversions. Encourage students to examine thesentences with their partners and then chorusthe correct version.

Option With books closed, write the incorrectsentences or clauses on the board. Try to elicitwhat is wrong from the students. Then openthe books and have the students check.Language pointPage 9This section provides a one-point focus onform. As I believe in teaching by doing, notby explaining, I do not attempt to providegrammatical explanations here nor recommendyou do so. Tell the students they will come tounderstand as they read the example and do theexercises. Read the examples aloud. If necessary, writethe key words on the board. Have students circle the correct words tocomplete the sentences. Ask students to compare their answers with apartner before giving them the correct answer.Conversation strategiesPages 10 and 11The presentation and practice of conversationstrategies are the most important parts of NiceTalking with You’s integrated design. The primarygoal of the text is to guide students throughprogressive mastery of these. The number ofstrategies and related expressions has been limitedin a deliberate attempt to get learners to “do morewith less,” and by keeping the number down,students are more likely to internalize them. Thestrategies on these pages are introduced andpracticed on these pages and subsequently usedto perform the role play which students performduring the timed conversations of the Do it!section.Teaching tipInternalizationTo encourage students to internalizewhat they are practicing, tell them toturn their books over as quickly asthey can. For example, let studentsuse their books during practice withtheir first and second partners; ontheir third partner practice, tell thestudent who must respond with aconversation strategy to turn overtheir book.Getting someone’sattention Explain that the phrase Excuse me iscommonly used to attract someone’sattention, and that it’s used to make asoft beginning to a “long time no see”conversation. Chorus the phrase with your students. Model the example dialogue with a student.Switch roles if you feel further practice isnecessary. Tell students to read the questions andresponses. Model the questions and responses with astudent. Switch roles. Direct the students to practice as in themodel. Ask Student A to read the questionsand Student B to respond from memory.Then have them switch roles. Ask students to change partners andencourage them to form both questions andresponses from memory, rather than lookingat the book.Starting a “catch-up”conversationThis conversation is a great semes

especially helpful for students to have a small repertoire of such phrases and expressions to replace the over-used (and widely misused) phrase By the way. Students will also acquire phrases that are open-ended and demand clause- or sentence-length utterances to complete, such as I guess, I think, I mean, It sounds like, and So, in other words.

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