4th Edition LUGANO IN FIGURES 2019

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4th EditionLUGANOINFIGURES2019Servizio statistica urbanaLugano City Statistics

Lugano in figuresIntroductionAs usual, the City of Lugano is presenting, in figures, its last year of life in thisbooklet. Lugano in figures offers an updated and extended overview of the social,economic and territorial transformations of the city, which in this edition is enrichedby two new important areas of study: social relations and employment.Today, more than ever, administrations need reliable and up-to-date data: not onlyto assess the changes underway and the consequences on the territory, but also todirect their work in an effective and targeted manner. Lugano, thanks to its UrbanStatistics Service, monitors trends in the economy, society and the environment.These data, collected annually, represent a rich heritage of knowledge in manyareas. Lugano City Government, supported by the municipal services, constantlyrelies on this information to develop, evaluate and improve its strategies in varioussectors, as well as to solve specific problems and make decisions. For instance,the City uses demographic statistics to manage expenditure or to plan places inschools and nursing homes.However, statistics are not only useful to those who are called to rule, they canalso be useful to citizens to better understand the life of their community andtheir neighborhood. This booklet, easy and colorful, gives us a peculiar snapshot,expressed in a numerical key, of our town. A point of view, unusual to most but noless fascinating.As part of the DataWareHouse development project, this year, the City has decidedto offer its citizens the possibility of consulting and processing the urban statisticsfigures, published in Open Government Data format, on the interactive websitestatistica.lugano.chStatistics are therefore a precious tool for understanding the reality that, applied toour large territory – Lugano is, among the major cities of the country, the secondlargest urban agglomeration – will not fail to surprise you.Marco Borradori, Mayor of Lugano01

ContentsAlthough still under development, by presenting these set of facts and figures, ourwish is to provide an initial overview of the potential of the new urban statisticsplatform, that will integrate the data produced by the city administration, so as torender them easily accessible and analysable in various ways.The data, indicators and analyses presented in this fourth edition offer a detailedstatistical picture of Lugano's urban dynamics and their complexity.An innovative approach, also at Swiss level, is the possibility to link indicatorsto the territory: the integration of geo-referenced data in the DataWareHousestatistical database allows you to switch to a model of statistical space-timeanalysis with flexible perimeters on a small suburban scale.City evolutionThe new LuganoOver the last few decades, the Lugano urban agglomeration area has beenaffected by many groupings that reduced the number of Municipalities from94 to 48. After the first historical grouping process occurred in 1972, theMunicipality of Lugano specifically promoted Municipal groupings between2004 and 2013, when the last three and most important grouping stagesoccurred.GroupedMunicipalities6.5 kmThe innovative character and the potential of Lugano's statistical platform,conceived, designed and implemented by the Urban Statistics Service, has alsobeen recognized with the award of the cantonal "Innovative Municipality" prizeto the City of Lugano in December 2017. In 2018 was also implemented the firstinteractive portal of urban statistics, which includes data in OGD format, with thefirst interactive consultation and analysis tools for noSize6.2 km x 6.5 kmSurface area11.6 km2Items presented in this edition:– City evolution– Territorial structure– Population– School– Construction and housing– Business activities– Taxation– Work and employment– Sociality– Public security– Culture and sports– Municipal wastePopulation27’120(1970 census)Lugano in 1972 – first grouping6.2 kmData updates and geographical perimetersThe statistical data for the city on which this publication is based are updated asof 31.12.2018. All the indicators refer to the actual municipal boundaries at thetime of the survey, as a result of the various stages of the integration processes.AccessibilityThis brochure is also available online on the portal of the City of Luganoat the following 2019Interactive statistical portal:statistica.lugano.ch/site/demografia02The grouping milestones1972: grouping with the Municipalities of Lugano, Brè-Aldesagoand Castagnola-Cassarate2004: grouping with the Municipalities of Breganzona, Cureggia,Davesco-Soragno, Gandria, Pambio-Noranco, Pazzallo,Pregassona and Viganello2008: grouping with the Municipalities of Barbegno, Carabbia e Villa Luganese2013: grouping with the Municipalities of Bogno, Cadro, Carona, Certara,Cimadera, Sonvico and Valcolla03

City evolutionCity evolutionSince 1972, the Lugano Municipality has experienced a constant demographicgrowth: approximately 68,000 people now live on a long-term basis in Lugano, ofwhich 20,000 reside in the City sco SoragnoGandriaPambio NorancoPazzalloPregassonaViganello7.6 kmSize9 km x 7.6 kmSurface Area26.1 km2 ( 125%(*))Population50’603 ( 86%(*))(*) percentagereferring to 19729 kmGroupings in 2004Between 2012 and 2013, the Lugano resident population increased by almost7000 inhabitants.With regard to the structure of its territory, Lugano is the Swiss city with the highestrate of green surfaces and woodland, amounting to almost 70% of its total area.Moreover, the Ceresio lake and the Cassarate river enriche the urban landscapefrom the environmental point of view.The spread of the city significantly affected the bottom of the valleys, wherespecialised sectors have developed, as well as the more easily accessible andvalued piedmont regions suited for residential settlements.The Lugano territory is very diversified with altitudes ranging from 273 m.a.s.l.of the Lake Lugano to 2116 m.a.s.l. of Mount Gazzirola. Its total surface area isapproximately 75 km².Area in square kilometres - Top 10 Swiss . 87.9Zurich020406080100Source: BFS (Data 2016)Nowadays, the city’s economy includes a dynamic service sector (tourism,trade, real estate, integrated logistics in the fashion and luxury productssector, transport, ), with an important component of the advanced servicessector (banks, insurance companies, trade in raw materials, business andtax consultation, international legal advice) confirming the fact that Lugano isSwitzerland’s third most important financial hub.As a consequence of the latest groupings, the urban economy also includes theindustry (electronics and precision mechanics, pharmaceutical and chemicalproducts) as well as the primary sector.0405

City evolutionCity evolutionAs a science, technology, innovation and university hub, Lugano is home to manyresearch institutes such as the Faculties of the Università della Svizzera Italiana,the Centre for Banking Studies, the Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligenceand the Swiss National Supercomputing Centre, equipped with one of the mostpowerful supercomputers in the world.Lugano’s cultural offerings are steadily increasing. The LAC (Lugano Arte e Cultura)cultural centre – opened in 2015 – is growing to be a Swiss cultural milestone andin the coming years it will become a key mover in the overall urban development.At the same time, a new creative urban economy is emerging, which includeslibraries, museums, theatres, galleries, theatre companies, orchestras, artists, witha focus on cultural productions and on the relevant technical professions.GroupedMunicipalities13.3 kmBarbengoCarabbiaVilla LuganeseGroupedMunicipalities20 ze10 km x 13.3 kmSurface Area32 km2 ( 175%(*)Size14.4 km x 20 kmPopulation54’437 ( 100%(*))Surface Area75.8 km2 ( 553%(*))(*) percentagereferring to 1972Population67’201 ( 147%(*))10 kmGroupings in 2008Beside the Lugano University and the University of Applied Sciences and Arts ofSouthern Switzerland, Lugano hosts the Franklin University Switzerland, a privateinternational university, and the long-standing private international AmericanSchool. The biomedical research and therapy centres in Lugano, including theCardiocentre and the Neurocentre, that will soon be backed up by a BiomedicalSciences Faculty, create a favourable ecosystem also for the increasing numberof clusters of innovative companies and interdisciplinary start-ups.06Groupings in 201314.4 kmSince its first steps in the grouping process, the City of Lugano has increased oversixfold its surface, more than doubled its population and clustered the Municipalitiesinvolved in the process into the 21 neighbourhoods that now constitute the city.Each neighbourhood has its own recognisable historic centre, the most tangiblesign of the identity and history of the settlement. Lugano’s jurisdiction lists 35heritage sites of national importance and 56 of regional importance, which havebeen recognised by the Federal Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites (ISOS).07

NeighbourhoodsSectionsThe city of Lugano comprises 21neighbourhoods which are further groupedinto various sections.According to a town planning scheme, theneighbourhoods are further subdivided intosections allowing targeted analysis of bothurban and statistical aspects.The following sections comprise severalneighbourhoods:– Lugano: Centro, Loreto, Molino Nuovo, Besso– Castagnola: Castagnola, Cassarate– Brè: Brè, AldesagoAt present, the integration of the land useplans of the former Municipalities now groupedtogether and their subdivion is still in progress. ValcollaThe neighbourhood of Val Colla groupstogether Valcolla, Bogno, Certara and Cimadera Bogno(Val Colla) Certara(Val Colla) Cimadera(Val Colla) Sonvico VillaLuganese CadroDavesco Soragno Pregassona Cureggia MolinoNuovo Brè Gandria Viganello Breganzona Aldesago(Brè) Cassarate Centro(Castagnola)Besso Castagnola LoretoPambioNoranco Cantine(Gandria) Pazzallo Caprino(Castagnola) CarabbiaBarbengo Carona0809

School AreasTerritorial structureLand cover (main elements)The nursery and primary schools are groupeinto 5 school areas:– Monte Boglia– Monte Brè– Centro– Collina– San SalvatoreThe areas are structured by aggregating borderingneighbourhoods, distributing evenly students andschool locations and seeking to maintain,as far as possible, the notion of neighbourhood school.Agriculture13.16 km2Woods45.84 km2Industry and commerce0.48 km2Centre (core city)0.70 km2Mixed residential area8.53 km2Monte BogliaCentroMonte BrèCollinaFurther elementsSan SalvatorePublic buildings / Municipality / CantonNursery schoolsIPrimary schools10Meadows / public areasAreas without vegetation11

Territorial structureTerritorial structureTerritorial diversityFrom the North to the South, for example, we can see the variety and diversequality of the territory: starting with Valcolla, a neighbourhood whose topographyis complex and distinguished by isolated settlements with a strong historicalidentity, combined with agricultural areas and woodland, up to the slopes ofMount Gazzirola; through the neighbourhoods of the closest urban hinterland,such as Davesco-Soragno and Cadro, that are less compact and include isolatedsettlements and low-density expansion areas which spread out from thesettlements along the main traffic axes.Today, the city of Lugano is a widespread urban reality, highly structured interms of morphology, function and identity. The basic aggregative element,the neighbourhood, takes many different forms in Lugano, deriving from thedevelopment history and its social and economic structure. As elsewhere, theLugano agglomeration has also experienced an urban expansion that has steadilyincorporated the outskirts and the closest periurban and suburban areas.On top of this urban development dynamics, the city has witnessed a processof aggregation that gave rise to a city comprising urban neighbourhoods andmore peripheral villages (with their historic centers). During the various politicalaggregations, the city gained huge areas and landscapes together with variedMunicipalities, often distinguished by a strong specific identity, in addition to manyhistoric centres of considerable quality and cultural significance, some of whichhave been classified as of national importance in the federal inventories.DavescoSoragnoCadroVal CollaThe central area, with its historic centre, initially turned inward rather than towardthe lake, surrounded by neighbourhoods with a more regular structure built afterthe mid-nineteenth century and after the San Gotthard railway arrived at Lugano,with a succession of public and residential buildings as well as buildings for serviceindustries; an expansion started from the boundary walls of the ancient cloister inthe Old Town, then moved towards the surrounding countryside in the direction ofCassarate, Molino Nuovo, upstream the railroad in the Besso neighbourhood andthen towards Viganello and Pregassona.1213

Territorial structureTerritorial structureTo the south, the Pian Scairolo commercial and industrial area, whose rapiddevelopment is closely related to regional, national and international accessibilitythanks to the proximity of the continental motorway axis, and the additionaltransition area towards the residential neighbourhoods and historic center ofBarbengo: a district where the territorial development dynamics of the first urbangrowth circle can be seen, in this case, closely related to the lake.CentroBarbengoPian ScairoloDue to its territorial, social and economic structure, the city is a wide-ranging,multi-polar area: New Lugano just like the Canton and the Confederation, nowadayshas to take into account and soundly manage and promote the dynamics arisingfrom a multi-centric local structure.1415

PopulationPopulationPermanent residentsResidents and resident cross-border 244Confederation 4'000Total39.5%5%25.7%Resident cross-border workers 328Totale94821.6%14.3%14%Evolution of domiciled residents (in%)16.417.118.919.820.521.022.320.4%Secondary residences23.122.922.7Native 14922.3Ticino 2205.5%Confederation 01220132014Domiciled residents1620152016Non domiciled20172018all data as of 31.12.201817

PopulationPopulationPopulation evolutionAge brackets by genderYearPermanent residentsSecondary residents2018201764'00064'3172'699Short-term residents andcross-border workers UominiVariation-317 (-0.5%)2'67524 (0.9%)9481'020-72 (-7.1%)67'64768'012-365 (-0.5%) 9050.592'4913'1315'2663'8893'6454'0045'29540.49 '1323'97010.1970'0007861'62670.7930.39Annual 210200920200720080620202005100.109 11 29 4090.99299 757 731'03713'7686'6774'8447'5278'6045'6047'627 5'359Confederation377100.10990.99Age 60'000NativeConfederation62'500 32'81612'99634'83119

PopulationPopulationMain age bracketsGeographical distributionMenBarbengo6'711 65694695 ( 1)AldesagoWomen9'1082'3712'345 (-26)206205 (-1)432428 (-4)Brè20.64 20'31620'2752'5612'685 ( 124)Cadro5'78920'000 15'000 10'0005'4485'0000639632 (-7)930932 ( 2)Carona5'000 10'000 15'000 20'000Cassarate2'4372'453 ( 16)Castagnola8482 ationTicinoForeignCastagnolaCaprinoCentro 652'2221'44613431'7002'43819952'2642'41120 . 649'4263'9552'6664'2694'7102'8274'1118'6270 . 192'1201'2768351'5581'4567821'2521'958 ets 32'816103101 (-2)200204 ( 4)173183 ( 79 (-13)Gandria 656'7119'10815'81920 . 6420'31620'27540'5910 . 195'7895'44811'237 32'81634'83167'64720Women 1'6521'615 (-37)3'2593'222 (-37)9'6659'648 (-17)Molino Nuovo767755 (-12)1'5441'516 (-28)PazzalloMen3'7663'724 (-42)5'4075'412 ( 5)Cantinedi GandriaLoretoPambio-NorancoAgeBrackets5'4385'404 (-34)BreganzonaCarabbia20185'2105'143 (-67)BessoBogno0.1920179'4189'336 (-82)PregassonaSonvico837819 (-18)Valcolla2'0332'090 ( 57)7'3267'169 (-157)Viganello568570 ( 2)Villa Luganese02'0004'0006'0008'00010'00021

PopulationPopulationInhabitants: 67'647 distribution by geographical areaAverage density: 951 inhabitants per km2Population Top10 Swiss citiesPopulation Top10 Swiss citiesSource: BFS (Data 2017,permanent residents only www.bfs.admin.ch)Source: BFS (Data 2017,permanent residents eSt. GenevaBaselZurichLausanneLucerneBernBienneSt 32'797.32'593.02'565.31'921.71'628.7904.2570Total population per km22685 5051 – 1001615101 – 50096489336716954045412 3724501 – 1'0004281'001 – 5'000 5'000279695245332225143183755151682Population 5063251 – 100101 – 5002345932501 – 1'0001'001 – 5'000 5'00022«Weight»of the sections(density normalisation)23

PopulationFocus: seniorityPopulation distribution 65 years oldDistribution by nationalityDistribution(standard nMen1. 6.6%)21'835(53.4%)2. 76(44.8%)3. )4. 5. Serbia809 (1.2%)824-15(-1.8%)387(47.8%)422(52.2%)6. . Bosnia 2.5%)8. Spain350(0.52%)373-23(-6.2%)173(49.4%)177(50.6%)9. Turkey343(0.51%)3412(0.6%)173(50.4%)170(49.6%)10. France333(0.49%)32112(3.7%)159(47.7%)174(52.3%)11. . Russia328(0.48%)32082.5%)114(34.8%)214(65.2%)13. 4. Brazil293(0.43%)2876(2.1%)93(31.7%)200(68.3%)Other countries(127)4'089(5.97%)4'046431'848(1.1%) (45.19%)2'241(54.81%) 67'647(100%)68'012-365 32'81634'831(-0.5%) (48.51%) (51.49%)25

PopulationPopulationDistribution CH - EU 27 – Other countries (%)Population movements1'406-51 (-3.6%)19.88%19.76%0.12%General mobilityViganelloAldesago 602050033001300400229Barbengo 0453605103027316115031011 106 53To100%FromOther countriesBesso 0Main changes2018BirthsDeathsAddress -18 (-3.5%)681708-27 (-3.8%)3'9914'034-43 (-1.1%)258510355514-97 (-27.3%)-4 (-0.8%)3592221319 3213256510306Breganzona 0145 123 52105140051520109120267Cadro 0057620112 19 11110 1111227015185Carona 000134100001311810125Cassarate 421048061 11 203394401274074285Castagnola 60510011 23 10020900620883Centro 2137 14 101328 124 9519 7308184122388Davesco-S. 601310002816014002440281Gandria 00000074205040240002810 3433237201059 232312308193L

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