TRAINING MANUAL - Mekong River Commission

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TRAINING MANUALMekong River CommissionManual for TrainingTrainers in Integrated WaterResources Managementin the Mekong BasinOctober 2011

Mekong River CommissionTable of ContentsAcronyms ivAcknowledgments vIntroduction to theTraining Manual 11.Background and aims of theTraining of Trainers programme 12.Purpose of this Training Manual 13.How the Training Manual wasdeveloped 14.Overview of the content of the Manual 25.Approach used to train Master Trainers 26.How to adapt this Manual 2Chapter 3The Enabling Environment 273.1 National policies and strategies 273.2 Legislation, regulations andstrengthening implementation 293.3 Financing and economic tools 333.4 Subsidies and incentives 383.5 Session Plan 3.1: national policy andstrategy 413.6 Session Plan 3.2: legislation andregulatory frameworks 433.7 Session Plan 3.3: economic tools 453.8 Session Plan 3.4: incentives 46Chapter 4Chapter 1Starting a Training Programme 5Institutional Roles 484.1 Transboundary organisations 481.1 Setting the training scene and context 54.2 National organisations (sector agencies) 511.2 Session Plan 1.1: setting the trainingcontext 64.3 Division of responsibility andaccountability between levels andsectors of Government 531.3 Session Plan 1.2: getting to know eachother – participant and trainerintroductions 84.4 Data and information exchange betweenlevels and sectors of Government 541.4 Session Plan 1.3: participantexpectations 104.5 River basin organisations at thesub-basin level 541.5 Session Plan 1.4: setting training ‘norms’114.6 Session Plan 4.1: the roles and functionsof basin and sub-basin organisations 571.6 Session Plan 1.5: establishing workinggroups 12Chapter 2Introduction to Integrated WaterResources Management 132.1 What is IWRM and why do we need it? 132.2 The IWRM framework: enablingenvironment, institutional roles,management instruments 162.3 Tools for IWRM implementation 172.4 Drivers of change in the Mekong RiverBasin – the need for IWRM 192.5 Session Plan 2.1: what is IWRM? 212.6 Session Plan 2.2: the IWRM framework 232.7 Session Plan 2.3: drivers of change 244.7 Session Plan 4.2: identifying bestpractice IWRM at the river basin level 58Chapter 5Management Tools: Participation,Stakeholder Engagement andConflict Management 605.1 Introduction to participation 605.2 Stakeholder and organisationalmapping 615.3 Consultation and participation indecision-making 655.4 Conflict resolution in water resourcesmanagement 725.5 Session Plan 5.1: introduction toParticipation 74TRAINING MANUAL Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basini

Mekong River Commission5.6 Session Plan 5.2: stakeholderIdentification and AnalysisChapter 8765.7 Session Plan 5.3: institutional andorganisational mapping and analysis 795.8 Session Plan 5.4: main conflictingredients815.9 Session Plan 5.5: conflict management‘warm up’835.10 Session Plan 5.6: developingnegotiation skills85Chapter 6Management Tools: IWRMPlanningManagement tools:Impact Assessments8.1 Introduction to impact assessment1348.2 Environmental flows assessment1388.3 Risk assessment and management1438.4 Procedures for notificationand prior consultation and agreement 1448.5 What factors need to be considered?1458.6 Key questions1498.7 Session Plan 8.1: impact assessment150898.8 Session Plan 8.2: environmental flows 1526.1 The difference between a ‘strategy’and a ‘plan’896.2 General procedures for planning918.10 Session Plan 8.4: role play – bringingit together1556.3 Basin management strategies926.4 Basin management plans996.5 Sub-basin plans1046.6 Session Plan 6.1: the IWRM planningcycle1106.7 Session Plan 6.2: the differencesbetween plans and sub-basin plans1136.8 Session Plan 6.3: facilitated dialogueand conversation mapping on fivekey questions115Chapter 7Management Tools:Monitoring and Water Information1177.1 Monitoring using key performanceindicators and basin reporting1177.2 Water resources knowledge base1207.3 Water resources assessment1237.4 Session Plan 7.1: indicators and basinreporting1297.5 Session Plan 7.2: water resourcesassessment1338.9 Session Plan 8.3: risk assessment153Chapter 9Basic TrainingSkills and Knowledge1599.1 Introducing training and learning1599.2 Participatory training1619.3 Training design and session planning 1639.4 The training agenda1659.5 Setting learning objectives1679.6 Developing session plans1689.7 Training methods1699.8 Facilitation skills1709.9 Session Plan 9.1: preparing forparticipant case studies1779.10 Session Plan 9.2: preparing fora field trip and field exercise1799.11 Session Plan 9.3: training review,evaluation and certificate ceremony181Annex 1Different Training ScenariosIWRM training programmes(3 days, 5 days, 2 weeks)Annex 2Training Logistical Arrangementsii1341861861881. Logistical arrangements1882. Training supplies and equipment189TRAINING MANUAL Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basin

Mekong River CommissionAnnex 3Monitoring and Evaluationof Your Training and Actions PlansTunisia - Reform of irrigation Policy andwater conservation40The Mekong River Commission50National Organisations in Vietnam52IWRM Governance in Cambodia53The Sre Pok River Basin Council55The Mekong River Commission’s rationalefor Stakeholder engagement60197Exploring Water Futures Together681901.Simple, quick and useful participatoryM&E tools1902.Formal evaluation of a trainingprogramme1943.Developing action plans195Annex 4Energisers1.Getting to know each other better197The World Commission on Dams692.Relaxers and reflectors1973.Openers or warm-up199Emergence of the Mekong River Commission(MRC) Basin Development Strategy894.Games focusing on team dynamics200Niger Basin Authority: a Shared Vision93Mekong River Commission: models anddecision-support tools96Organisation for the Developmentof the Senegal River: benefit sharing98Annex 5Further Resources2031.The GWP IWRM toolbox, undated2.Cap-net/UNDP, 2008: integrated waterresources management for River BasinOrganisations. Training Manual2033.IWRM guidelines at River Basin level(UNESCO IHP/WWAP/NARBO), 20092034.A handbook for IWRM in Basins(GWP/INBO), 20092035.Integrated River Basin Governance:learning from international experience(Hooper, B, IWA Publications) 20052036.Integrated River Basin Management:from concepts to good practice(World Bank), 20057.203Río Jubones, Ecuador: a co-ordination agencyin the Jubones basin101Basin Development Plan for theLower Mekong Basin103Case Study on Watershed Plan of Action Siem Reap Watershed, Cambodia106Nam Ngum River Basin IWRM Plan107Emerging Indicator Framework of the MekongRiver Commission118State-of-Basin Reporting (Mekong River Basin) 119204Mekong River Commission resources,undated204Glossary of IWRM Terms205Trainer’s Note Pages220Case StudiesMaster Project Database (Lower Mekong Basin) 121Information System (IS) of the Mekong RiverCommission122Water Resources Assessment and Key WaterResources Development Issues of the LowerMekong124Environmental flows in the SongkhramRiver Basin, Thailand142The Mekong River Commission (MRC) PNPCA144146Implementing Priorities in the MekongRiver Basin - The Use of IWRM15Case Study: Progress in ImplementingIWRM in the Mekong River BasinMain IWRM Issues at the Project Level(Mekong River Basin)18Case Study: National Water ResourceManagement Organisation (Lao PDR)Procedures for Project Notification in the LowerMekong Basin14728Lion Refuelling Co. Ltd.Financing Water Resources Management34151TRAINING MANUAL Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basiniii

Mekong River CommissionAcronymsivADBAsian Development BankBATBest Available TechnologyBATNEECBest Available Technology NotInvolving Excessive CostsBDPBasin Development Programme(MRC)BPTBest Practicable TechnologyCAComprehensive Assessment ofWater Management in AgricultureCIAMONREMinistry of Natural Resourcesand Environment (Viet Nam)MOWRAMMinistry of Water Resourcesand Meteorology (Cambodia)MRCMekong River CommissionMRCSMekong River CommissionSecretariatMSPMulti-Stakeholder PlatformNGONon-Governmental OrganisationCumulative Impact AssessmentNMCNational Mekong CommitteeCNMCCambodia National MekongCommitteeNWRCNational Water Resources CouncilDSSDecision Support SystemPSPPrivate Sector ParticipationEAEnvironmental AssessmentRBCRiver Basin ManagementCommitteeEIAEnvironmental Impact AssessmentSASocial AssessmentEMPEnvironmental Management PlanSEAFPFisheries Programme (MRC)Strategic EnvironmentalAssessmentGISGeographic Information SystemsSIASocial Impact AssessmentGWPGlobal Water PartnershipTABTechnical Advisory BoardIWMIInternational Water ManagementInstituteVNMCViet Nam National MekongCommitteeIWRMIntegrated Water ResourcesManagementWFCWorld Fish CentreWRAWater Resources AssessmentLMBLower Mekong BasinWREALNMCLao National Mekong CommitteeM&EMonitoring and EvaluationWater Resources andEnvironment Administration(Lao PDR)MCMMillion cubic metresWWFWorld Wide Fund forNatureMNREMinistry of Natural Resourcesand Environment (Thailand)TRAINING MANUAL Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basin

Mekong River CommissionAcknowledgmentsThe authors of the Training Manual acknowledge the support of the following organisations foruse of their materials:nnnnnThe Global Water Partnership (GWP) for the use of resources from their IWRM Toolboxwww.gwptoolbox.orgThe Global Water Partnership and the International Network of Basin Organisations(INBO) for use of: A Handbook for Integrated Water Resources Management in Basins.Global Water Partnership for use of: Integrated Water Resources Management:IWRM at a Glance.Mekong River Commission for use of: Towards an IWRM-based Basin Development Strategy for the Lower Mekong Basin(Working Paper (version 2) 24 April, 2009; and Approach to BDP2 Sub-area Activities. Version 2: February 23, 2009(in preparation)UNESCO IHP/WWAP/NARBO for use of: IWRM Guidelines at River Basin Level.All other sources are referred to herein and are acknowledged.TRAINING MANUAL Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basinv

Mekong River CommissionviINTRODUCTION Training Manual Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basin

Mekong River CommissionIntroduction to the Training Manual1. Background and Aims of theTraining of Trainers programmeThis Training Manual supported a 10 day trainingactivity in integrated river basin planning forthe Mekong River Commission, in October2009. The Manual can be adjusted for differentlengths of Training Sessions (see Annex 1). Theactivity originated as a component of both theIntegrated Capacity Building Programme andthe Basin Development Plan Programme Phase2 of the MRC.The development of a Training Manual andthe Training of Trainers programme on IWRMis critical to achieving the objectives of bothcross-cutting programmes and in buildingIWRM capacity amongst MRCS, NMCs andline agencies at national and sub-basin levels.It is also important that these new skills areinternalised within the MRC for effectivebasin development planning and that mastertrainers from each MRC Member country havethe knowledge and skills to work closely withnational BDP units to adapt the Training Manualand training programme at the national andsub-area activity levels.The Training of Trainers programme aims to:nnTo produce a Training Manual (thisdocument and supporting materials)that combines the introduction of latestconcepts and good practices for integratedwater resources management and theknowledge and skills to apply BDP specificplanning guides in carrying out Sub-areaactivities; and2. Purpose of this Training ManualThis Training Manual seeks to provideknowledge of and training in integrated waterresources management (IWRM). This is doneat both the basin level and in support of BDPsub-area activities, in line with the Guidelinesfor BDP sub-area activities. The Training Manualis designed to be adapted to riparian languagesand will be used for national training courses,organized by National BDP units with supportfrom national research institutions in the future.3. How the Training Manualwas developedThis Manual was developed using resourcesfrom several existing IWRM training manualswhich are listed in Appendix 6 of this Manual.Some sections of this Manual draw directly fromthe GWP IWRM toolbox (www.gwptoolbox.org)and the support of the Global Water Partnershipto use this material is acknowledged. Thematerial in this Manual was tested in a ‘trialtraining’ programme in Lao PDR (24-28 August,2009) and comments received were uses toadapt the training material and approach basedon participants’ experience.Throughout the book you’ll find theseicons to help guide you.To develop a group of about 5 mastertrainers for each Member countrycomprising of technical experts, keymembers of Sub-area working groups andprofessional trainers from national traininginstitutions. The master trainers will workclosely with National BDP units to adaptthe Training Manual, translate into riparianlanguages and deliver training courses forvarious local officials and stakeholders inthe Sub-areas.INTRODUCTION Training Manual Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basin1

Mekong River Commission4. Overview of the contentof the ManualThis Manual contains nine chapters and severalannexes. In each chapter, there are session plansreferred to in the chapter and provided at theend of each chapter. The nine chapters are:Scaling out and down by mainstreamingIWRM approaches and tools, to adapt andmainstream IWRM approaches and toolsat the national and sub-national levels forgreater internalization and application atthese levels. Continuous improvement throughlearning by doing: using an iterativeapproach to testing, reflecting and adaptingwhere participatory M&E processes will beused to guide and inform our response. Thisis particularly important in developing andrecommending implementation guidelinesand a robust M&E framework to the MRC forthe assessment of progress and outcomesof IWRM at the national and sub-nationallevels. Building and maintaining strong linkswith other MRC projects, programmes andpartners.Chapter 1Starting a Training ProgrammeChapter 2Introduction to Integrated WaterResources ManagementChapter 3The Enabling EnvironmentChapter 4Institutional RolesChapter 5Management Tools: Participation,Stakeholder Engagement andConflict ManagementChapter 6Management Tools: IWRM PlanningChapter 7Management Tools: Monitoring andWater InformationChapter 8Management tools: ImpactAssessments6. How to use this ManualChapter 9Basic Training Skills and KnowledgeEach chapter can be used as a standalonetraining document but users should ensureChapters 1 and 2 are completed first.The annexes contain information on trainingtechniques and other resources.5. Approach used to trainMaster TrainersThe approach used in this programme toachieve capable, trained trainers in IWRMincludes:2 Building on and enhancing past learning. Building and maintaining ownershipwithin the MRC, NMCs and Line Agencies. Enhancing technical expertise in IWRM,particularly at the national BDP unit leveland sub-area activity levels. Enhancing capacity in adult educationprinciples and practices including buildingcapacity to design, deliver and evaluateparticipatory, learner centred trainingprogrammes based adult educationprinciples and processes. Matching new knowledge and skills withproblem solving mechanisms and effectivecommunicationThis Training Manual seeks to provideknowledge of and support the training inintegrated river basin planning, based onintegrated water resources management(IWRM). It was specifically designed to supportan intensive Training of Trainers programme forapproximately 20 Master Trainers who now havethe responsibility to further adapt the materialpresented in this manual to the specific nationalcontext of their country and deliver IWRMtraining programmes for various local officialsand stakeholders in the Lower Mekong Basin(including the MRC BDP sub-areas).In adapting and preparing for delivery ofIWRM programmes at the national level,what needs to be considered in adaptingthis manual?TRAINING MANUAL Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basin

Mekong River CommissionSpecific cultural related conceptsThe training programme outlined in this manualis based upon adult learning principles, learningthrough openness, participation and constructive feedback, challenging participants throughquestions and periods of critical reflection,engaging various styles of learning includingthe use of energisers and games. The trainingapproach advocated in this manual deliberatelymoves away from a reliance on ‘experts’ andformal lectures (but we do acknowledge theirimportance in certain circumstances), but wealso appreciate that this may be met with resistance at the national level and even criticised asbeing a Western model of learning and thereforenot applicable here in Asia.In designing national level training programmesa balance needs to be found between‘traditional’ and ‘expected’ styles of training andlearning centred and participatory approachesbased on adult learning principles. In findingthis balance, please remember that many‘ancient’ Asian philosophies (such as Buddhismand Confucianism) follow the same adult andexperiential learning principles advocated in thismanual.Specific country contextsThe material presented in this manual will needto be reviewed and adapted to the national andsub-area context of the training programmeto ensure that the material is immediatelyapplicable to the participants – where everpossible bring in national and sub-areaexamples, case studies, data and stories toensure the training is well ‘grounded’ in the localreality.Specific English terminologyThe terminology in this manual has beencarefully considered, but there will be termsthat are difficult to translate into the regionallanguages. When translating foreign terms:1. Use words closest to the original meaning;2. Make up new words and explain; or3. Retain the original English term, but providea description in your own languageAdapt the training materialto your participantsBefore any training commences it is importantto understand the needs of the institutionssupporting the training and individualsattending the training. The training needsanalysis (TNA) completed by the MRC forCambodia, Lao and Viet Nam1 provides anexcellent starting point when adaptingyour training. You should also access otherorganisational learning or capacity buildingstrategies (if available) and other trainingdocuments, evaluation reports as well asinterviewing possible participants andthose responsible for managing the trainingprogramme to gain a much deeper insight in theparticipant’s learning needs.Consider:nChanging material to relate to the specificregional context or supporting organisationof the target groupnChanging the level of language used to suitthe target groupnRemoving information or addinginformation to ensure it is current andaccuratenModifying information to suit policy andregulatory frameworksnModifying information to use specificorganisational policies and procedures asguidelinesnAdding information, activities andassessment methods specific to the learningprogrammenProviding sources of further informationreading, websites, industry groupsnChanging the sequence of materialnChanging the context of generic material torelate to the learner’s specific situation.Simply taking the material from this manual willcertainly be simple it will be unlikely to fit thespecific needs of a new group of participants.1. Visalsok, Touch (September 2008), Training Needs Assessment for the National Key Stakeholders of the Basin Development Programme inCambodia, Cambodia National Mekong Committee.AROUNLANGSY, Manilath (September 2008), Capacity Building and Training Needs Assessment for BDP for Lao PDR, Lao National MekongCommittee.Cao Dat Khoa (June 2008), Capacity Building and Training Ne

TRAINING MANUAL Integrated Water Resource Management in the Mekong Basin i Table of Contents Acronyms iv Acknowledgments v Introduction to the Training Manual 1 1. round and aims of the Backg Training of Trainers programme 1 2. Purpose of this Training Manual 1 3. How the Training Manual was developed 1 4.

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