Native Shrubs For Colorado Landscapes

1y ago
14 Views
2 Downloads
5.30 MB
6 Pages
Last View : 2m ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Cade Thielen
Transcription

Native Shrubsfor Colorado LandscapesFact Sheet No. 7.422Gardening Series Trees and Shrubsby J. Klett, B. Fahey, R. Cox and I. Shonle*Why Grow Native Shrubs?There are many benefits to usingColorado native shrubs for home andcommercial landscapes. Coloradonative shrubs are naturally adapted totheir specific Colorado climate, soils,and environmental conditions. Whencorrectly sited, they can be ideal plantsfor a sustainable landscape that requiresreduced external inputs such as watering,fertilizing, and pruning. In order to realizethese benefits, the planting site mustapproximate the natural environmentalconditions of the plant in its native habitat.Another benefit of using Coloradonatives in landscapes is that they mayattract a wide variety of wildlife includingmammals, birds, and butterflies. Rapidurbanization in the state is reducingbiodiversity as habitat is removedfor building and road construction.Landscaping with natives on a large orsmall scale can maintain biodiversity thatotherwise could be lost to development.The shrubs listed in Table 1 are grown bysome Colorado nurseries and are becomingmore available in the commercial sector.However, not all shrubs listed are availableat all nurseries, so it may be necessary tocontact a number of commercial outlets tofind a specific plant. If a shrub is not sold inthe trade, asking for it may help increaseits availability. Native shrubs should notbe collected from the wild because thisreduces biodiversity and causes a disturbedarea that may be invaded by weeds.Most of the shrubs listed in Table 1 areavailable as container-grown plants. Nativeshrubs often do not have as great a visualimpact in the container or immediatelyafter planting as do traditional horticulturalJ. Klett, Colorado State University Extension landscapeand horticulture specialist; B. Fahey, Jefferson CountyExtension natural resources/horticulture agent; R. Cox,Arapahoe County Extension horticulture agent (retired),and I. Shonle, Gilpin County Extension Director/Agent.1/2018*Quick Facts A Colorado native shrub canbe described as existing inColorado prior to Europeansettlement.Figure 1: Mountain-mahogany fruit(Cerocarpus montanus )species. Over time, they will reward thehomeowner with their natural beauty andother benefits.Where To GrowNative ShrubsThere are several factors to considerin designing a native landscape. Due toColorado’s wide variation of elevation andtopography, native plants are found in avariety of habitats. In order to maximizesurvival with minimal external inputs,plants should be selected to match thesite’s life zone and the plant’s moisture,light, and soil requirements. Even if aplant is listed for a particular life zone, theaspect (north, south, east or west facing)of the proposed site should match themoisture requirement. For example, a redtwig dogwood, which has a high moisturerequirement, should not be sited withplants of dissimilar water needs. Similarly, ared twig dogwood should not be plantedon a south-facing slope, where a significantamount of additional moisture would berequired.Growing native shrubs does not excludethe use of adapted non-native plants.There are many non-native plants that areadapted to Colorado’s climate and canbe used in a native landscape as long asmoisture, light, and soil requirements are Native plant communitiesmake Colorado visuallydistinct from the eastern,southern or western UnitedStates. Native plant gardens arewildlife habitats and eachplant contributes to thebiodiversity of the state. Landscaping with natives ona large or small scale canmaintain biodiversity thatotherwise would be lost todevelopment. Colorado State UniversityExtension. 6/02. Revised 1/18.extension.colostate.edu

homeowner’s associations, to discoverany regulations that may affect yourdesign.Life Zones of ColoradoFigure 2: Golden currant (Ribes aureum)Figure 3: Twinberry fruit (Lonicera involucrata)Figure 4: Red-berried elder (Sambucusracemosa)Colorado can be divided into fivelife zones that are broadly defined bythe plant communities that occur at theapproximate elevations described below.The Plains life zone, 3,500 to 5,500 feet,is located in eastern Colorado wherethe majority of Colorado’s populationresides. It is dominated by grasslandsand streamside cottonwoods. In westernColorado, the Upper Sonoran life zone islocated at altitudes below 7,000 feet, andin the San Luis Valley, below 8,000 feet.This zone is characterized by semidesertshrublands and piñon pine-juniperwoodlands at its upper limit.The Foothills life zone occurs from5,500 to 8,000 feet and is dominated bydry land shrubs such as Gambel oak andmountain-mahogany, and, in southernand western Colorado, piñon-juniperwoodlands and sagebrush. The Montanezone consists of ponderosa pine, Douglasfir, lodgepole pine, and aspen woodlandsat elevations of 8,000 to 9,500 feet. Denseforests of subalpine fir and Engelmannspruce dominate the Subalpine zoneat 9,500 to 11,500 feet. The Alpine zoneabove 11,500 feet is a treeless zone madeup of grasslands called tundra. Speciesrequiring medium to high moisture occuralong watercourses throughout all zones.Colorado. Native plant communities makeColorado visually distinct from the eastern,southern or western United States. Nativeplant gardens are wildlife habitats and eachplant contributes to the biodiversity of thestate.Figure 6: Western chokecherry (Prunusvirginiana melanocarpa)Figure 7: Wax currant (Ribes cereum)Culture and MaintenanceFigure 5: Wild rose (Rosa woodsii)similar. Even if a site has a non-nativelandscape that requires additional inputs(such as an irrigated landscape on theplains), dry land native plants can be usedin non-irrigated pockets within the nonnative landscape. These native “pocketgardens” can be located in areas such asparkways and next to hardscapes that aredifficult to irrigate.Some communities regulatelandscape appearance or the type ofplants which may be used. So beforecompleting a landscape design,check with local authorities, includingSuccessful establishment of nativeshrubs may require supplementalmoisture after planting. Once established,the watering frequency can be reducedor even eliminated if the plant was sitedin its native environmental conditions.Container-grown shrubs can be plantedat any time during the growing season.Container-grown native shrubs areoften grown in a soiless mixture of peatand bark, so the planting site should beamended with some organic material.Another option would be to carefullywash off the media from the containergrown plant and plant it bare root.Using native shrubs offers manybenefits in addition to reducedmaintenance. Natives are part of ournatural heritage and the ecosystems ofFigure 8: Waxflower (Jamesia americana)Figure 9: Serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia)

Table 1. Native shrubs for Colorado landscapes.PlantingCommonAltitudeScientific Name1Name(s)in feet2Acer glabrumAmelanchier anusmountainmahoganyCornus sericeared uriannaNativeColoradoEvergreen/Life Zone3Moisture4 Deciduous Comments5Large shrubs (6 - 10 ft when mature)5,000 - 10,500Foothills L-MDSmall, rounded tree to large shrub; usuallyMontanemulti-stemmed; smooth, gray branches withred buds; fall foliage yellow; shade tolerant.5,000 - 10,000Foothills L-MDUpright to spreading branches; small,Subalpinerounded leaves; clusters of small whiteflowers; blue-black fruit attractive to wildlife;orange to red fall color.4,500 - 9,000UpperL-METhick, dark evergreen leaves curl duringSonoran3adrought conditions; feathery, attractive seedheads; irregular growth habit; large shrub tosmall tree.4,000 - 8,500Foothills L-MDOpen growth habit; feathery, attractive seedMontaneheads; wedge-shaped leaves.4,500 - 10,000Plains MontaneM-HD4,000 - 7,500UpperSonoran3aLEForestieraneomexicanaNew Mexicoprivet4,500 - 7,500UpperSonoran3aLDFraxinus anomalasingle-leafash4,500 - 6,000UpperSonoran3aL-MDMahonia fremontiiFremontmahonia4,500 - s americanaSquaw apple5,500 - 9,000LDAmericanplum,wild plum4,500 - 8,500UpperSonoran3aPlains FoothillsL-MDPrunus pensylvanicapin cherry5,000 - 8,000Foothills3bMDPrunus virginianamelanocarpaWesternchokecherry4,500 - 8,500Plains MMontane, UpperSonoranDPtelea trifoliatahop tree,wafer-ash4,000 - 6,500Plains Foothills3bM-HDQuercus undulatawavyleaf oak4,000 - 6,500Foothills3bLD-ERhamnus smithiiSmithbuckthorn5,000 - 7,500Foothills3aL-MDRhus glabrasmooth sumac4,000 - 8,000Plains L-MFoothills, UpperSonoranDRobinianeomexicanaNew Mexicolocust4,500 - 9,000FoothillsDSalix exiguasandbarwillow4,000 - 9,000Salix monticolaRocky6,000 - 10,500Mountainwillow, yellowmountain willowPlains HFoothills, UpperSonoranMontaneHL-MDDRed stems in winter; flat, white flower clustersfollowed by white to blue fruits attractive tobirds; yellow to red fall color; streamsideunderstory plant; shade tolerant.Large oval shrub; rigid, gnarled branches;small, lobed olive green leaves, fragrant,creamy colored flowers, followedby feather-tailed seeds.Large shrub to small tree; dense, grayishgreen foliage; yellow flowers before leaves;blue-black fruit on females; light tan bark;yellow fall color; good for screening.Large shrub or small tree, often multistemmed; found in dry canyons in southwestCO; yellow fall color; less available.Large shrub, often multi-stemmed; blueholly-like leaves, fragrant yellow flowers inspring followed by red berries.Shrub with fragrant white flowers in springfollowed by crabapple-like fruit.Thicket-forming; white flowers before leaves;fruit good for preserves; attracts wildlife; coldand drought tolerant; yellow to red fall color;found along canyons and slope bottoms.Large shrub to small tree; thicket-forming;shiny, green leaves; red, edible fruit; shadetolerant; white flowers; red fall color.Irregular, branching shrub with shiny, darkgreen leaves and elongated flower clusters;suckers to form thickets; dark purple fruitexcellent for preserves; reddish-orange toyellow fall color.Shrub or small tree with three-partedfoliage; drought and shade tolerant; small,fragrant flowers; yellow fall color; persistenthop-like fruit.Blue-green, leathery leaves with wavy edges;leaves persist in winter; coarse bark; nativeto southeast CO; less available.Upright habit with dark green shiny leaves;black fruit in late summer on female plants;yellow fall color; good screen plant; PlantSelect 5a.Open, rounded thicket-forming shrub; brightgreen leaves; pyramidal clusters of yellowflowers produce fuzzy, dark red fruits in fallthat persist into winter; outstanding yelloworange-red fall color.Thicket-forming thorny shrub,green leaves; showy pink flowers in thespring.Thicket-forming; gray-green narrow leaves;salinity tolerant; yellowish-gray catkinsbefore leaves; yellow fall color.Broad, rounded shrub; narrow, deepgreen leaves, yellow fall color; archingyellow twigs attractive in winter; commonstreamside willow found in mountain areas.

Table 1 (cont.). Native shrubs for Colorado landscapes.PlantingCommonAltitudeScientific Name1Name(s)in feet2Shepherdiasilver4,500 - ife Zone3Moisture4 DeciduousPlains L-MDFoothills, UpperSonoranFoothills MDSubalpineSorbus scopulinanativemountain-ash6,000 - 10,000AmelanchierutahensisUtahserviceberry5,000 - 9,000Amorpha fruticosafalse indigo,leadplant3,500 - 6,000Plains3bLArtemisia tridentatabig sagebrush4,500 - 9,500UpperSonoranLBetula glandulosabog birch5,000 - 11,000SubalpineHFallugia paradoxaApache plume3,500 - 8,000Plains,UpperSonoran3bLFendlera rupicolaclifffendlerbush4,000 - 8,000UpperSonoran3aLHolodiscus dumosusrock-spirea,mountainspray5,000 - 10,000Foothills MontaneL-MPurshia tridentataantelopebitterbrush,antelope-brush5,000 - 9,000Foothills MontaneLRhus trilobatathree-leafsumac,skunkbush3,500 - 9,000Plains Foothills,Upper SonoranLRibes aureumgolden currant4,000 - 10,000Plains Foothills,Upper SonoranL-MRibes cereumwax currant4,000 - 10,000FoothillsLRibes inermewhitestemcurrant6,000 - 10,000Foothills MontaneMRibes lacustrebristly currant,8,000 - 10,000swamp currantMontane SubalpineHRubus deliciosusboulderraspberry4,500 - 9,000FoothillsL-MRubus parvifloruswesternthimbleberry5,000 - 10,000MontaneM-HSalix irroratabluestemwillow5,000 - 00 - 12,000Foothills SubalpineM-HMedium shrubs ( 4 - 6 ft when mature)UpperL-MDSonoran3aComments5Thorny shrub to small tree; thicket-forming;silver, rounded leaves; golden to red, edible,bitter fruits on females; attracts wildlife.Large shrub to small tree with divided leaves;white flower clusters followed by orange fruit;attractive to wildlife; orange to red fall color;found in moist sites on slopes in rockycanyons.Thicket-forming shrub with fragrant whiteflowers in spring; edible blue berries insummer; attracts wildlife; yellow fall foliage.DOpen, wide-spreading shrub; feathery, greenfoliage; spikes of deep blue flowers insummer; yellow fall color; deer resistant.ESilver-colored evergreen with peelinggrayish bark; leaves densely hairy andaromatic; wildlife browse plant; does nottolerate high moisture.DGlobe-shaped shrub with small, roundeddark green leaves on reddish-brown erectstems; yellow to red fall color; better at higheraltitudes.D-EOpen, rounded shrub; small, grayish-greenleaves; whitish, shreddy bark; white, rose-likeflowers; fuzzy, pink seed heads appear allsummer; native to San Luis and ArkansasValleys; Plant Select 5a.DSmall, grayish-green, narrow leaves withedges rolled under; white to pink flowers;reddish-tan bark; less available.DUpright shrub; arching, slender brancheswith pyramidal sprays of white flowerclusters that turn rust; fall foliage coloredbronze-red; sun to partial shade; found onrock outcrops and cliff bases.DSpreading shrub with small, ovalleaves and pale-yellow flowers in earlysummer; requires dry, coarse soils;important browse plant for wildlife.DArching branches with glossy, green, threeparted leaves; small yellow flowers beforeleaves; reddish, hairy, edible fruits; orangeto red fall color.DArching growth habit; yellow flowers in latespring; yellow to black fruit attracts birds;well-drained sites; orange tored fall color.DRounded growth form; lobed, leatheryleaves; lacks spines; pink tubular flowers inspring; edible orange-red berries in summer;attracts birds.DRounded growth habit; few if any spines;whitish stems becoming reddish-brown andflaky; small, pink flowers followed by edible,tart, wine-red fruit.DLow-growing shrub with spines; lobedleaves; greenish-purple flowers in droopngclusters followed by bristly purple fruit; nativealong streams; browse plants for livestockand game.DArching growth habit with peeling, cinnamoncolored bark; shade tolerant; spineless;large, white, rose-like flowers in springfollowed by sparse raspberry-like fruits.DLarge, maple-like leaves; white, rose-likeflowers followed by edible fruits; best inshady, moist locations.DRounded, upright shrub; spreading silverblue twigs; glossy green linear leaves;yellow fall color.DUpright to arching growth form; shinycompound leaves; stout branches; whiteflower clusters in early summer followedby bright red berries; yellow fall color; foundalong streams; attracts birds.

Table 1 (cont.). Native shrubs for Colorado landscapes.Planting NativeCommonAltitudeColoradoEvergreen/Scientific Name1Name(s)in feet2Life Zone3Moisture4 Deciduous Comments5Small shrubs (less than 4 ft when mature)Amorpha canescenssilvery3,500 - 7,500Plains LDErect, dense shrub with gray-green, fern-likeleadplantFoothills3bfoliage; tall spikes of violet-purple flowers inmidsummer; tolerates drought andpoor soils.Arctostaphylosmanzanita,6,000 - 9,000Foothills LESpreading growth habit with dense foliage;patulabearberryMontane3amahogany-red stems; oval, bright greenerect leaves; pink flowers in spring followedby dark brown, small apple-like fruits; doesbest on well drained soils.Arctostaphyloskinnikinnik5,000 - 10,000Foothills L-MEMat-forming evergreen with small ovaluva-ursiSubalpineleaves; pink urn-shaped flowers followed byred fruits; requires well-drained gravelly soils;attracts wildlife; needs light shade.Artemisia canasilver5,000 - 10,000MontaneL-MEMounding growth habit; branches becomesagebrushgnarled; aromatic, silver-gray leaves.Atriplex canescensfourwing4,000 - 8,000Plains,LD-ELight green to gray small leaves; interestingsaltbushUpper Sonoranfour-winged fruits on female plants; toleratespoor or salty soils; slow-growing.Ceanothus fendleriFendler5,000 - 9,000Foothills LDSpiny, low shrub with small, white flowerceanothus,Montaneclusters in late spring; wildlife browse plant;mountain-lilacgrows on coarse soils; less available.Ceratoides lanatawinterfat3,500 - 9,500Plains,LD-EDense, erect shrub covered with whiteUpper Sonoranwoolly fruits; grayish-green leaves persist inwinter; excellent forage for wildlife.Chrysothamnusrabbitbrush,5,000 - 10,000Plains LDSize and growth habit varies with subspecies;nauseosusrubberFoothills,narrow aromatic leaves; young stems greenrabbitbrushUpper Sonoranto silvery-gray; showy clusters of yellowflowers on new growth in late summer attractbutterflies; can be aggressive.Jamesia americanawaxflower5,500 - 10,000Foothills MDFlat-topped shrub with upright branches;Montanedistinctly veined heart-shaped leaves withwhite undersides; shreddy, reddish bark;waxy, white flowers in late spring; red fallcolor; shade tolerant; needs well-drainedsoil.Juniperus communiscommon5,000 -10,000Foothills L-MELow-growing; needle-like leaves with whitishjuniperSubalpinestripes; bluish-gray, berry-like fruit; shadetolerant; needs well-drained soil.Lonicera involucratatwinberry5,000 - 11,000Montane M-HDShade-tolerant upright oval shrub with erectSubalpinebranches; bright green leaves; creamyyellow trumpet-shaped flowers in pairsfollowed by black fruit enclosed in a red cup.Mahonia repenscreeping5,000 - 9,500Foothills L-MELow-growing; thicket-forming ground cover;OregonMontaneblue-green leaves turn purplish in winter;grape-hollyyellow flowers followed by edible, bluegrape-like fruit; shade tolerant; may winterburn in windy, exposed sites.PaxistimaMountain6,000 - 11,000Foothills,MESpreading to prostrate shrub withmyrsinitesloverMontanesmall leathery leaves and inconspiciousflowers. Tolerates shade.Philadelphuslittleleaf5,000 - 8,000Foothills,L-MDRounded, compact slow-growing shrub withmicrophyllusmock-orangeUpper Sonoransmall gray-green leaves; fragrant whitestar-shaped flowers.Physocarpusmountain5,500 - 10,000Foothills MDInteresting shreddy bark on older branches;monogynusninebarkMontanewhite to rose-colored flowers in small heads;good wildlife cover; leaves resemble currant;yellow to maroon fall color; less available.Potentilla fruticosashrubby5,000 - 11,000Montane MDOpen, rounded shrub; single yellow flowerscinquefoilSubalpinethroughout summer; many cultivated formsavailable from nurseries.Prunus besseyiWestern sand3,500 - 8,500Plains L-MDUpright, rounded open shrub with grayishcherryFoothills3bgreen leaves; numerous white, single,fragrant flowers followed by purplish-blackfruits that attract birds; red fall color. ‘PawneeButtes’ is a low, spreading groundcover;Plant Select 5a.Table 1 (cont.). Native shrubs for Colorado landscapes.

PlantingAltitudein feet23,500 -10,500NativeColoradoLife Zone3Foothills SubalpineScientific Name1Rosa woodsiiCommonName(s)Woods rose,wild roseShepherdiacanadensisrussetbuffaloberry5,000 -11,500Montane SubalpineSymphoricarposalbussnowberry5,000 - 8,500FoothillsEvergreen/Moisture4 Deciduous Comments5L-MDSpiny, dark reddish-brown stems; thicketforming; dark green, compound leaf; single,large pink flowers in early summer; reddishorange fruits; browse plant for wildlife.MDProstrate to upright shrub; brown, thornlessbranches; dark green, oval leaves withrusset-colored scales beneath;inconspicuous flowers followed by red toorange bitter fruit on females; attractive towildlife; shade tolerant.L-MDArching growth habit; thicket-forming;rounded, blue-green leaves; shade tolerant;pink, bell-shaped flowers in summer; largewhite berries in fall persist into winter;attracts birds and small mammals.As commonly sold in the trade. For equivalents, see botanical publications.Planting altitudes are estimates of where plants may be successfully grown as landscape plants. In many cases, species may be successfully plantedat a lower zone with supplemental irrigation or a higher zone with protection.3Approximate life zone elevations: Plains - below 5,500 ft. in eastern CO; Upper Sonoran - below 7,000 ft. in western CO and below 8,000 ft. in San LuisValley; Foothills - 5,500 - 8,000 ft.; Montane - 8,000 - 9,500 ft.; Subalpine - 9,500 - 11,500 ft.; Alpine - above 11,500 ft. Species requiring medium to highmoisture occur along watercourses throughout all zones. For simplicity, life zones were taken from Grassland to Glacier by Mutel and Emerick, firstedition, 1984. For a more detailed treatment of Colorado ecosystems, see second edition, 1992.3aNative to Western Slope; 3bNative to Eastern Slope.4Moisture Requirement: L - Low, M - Moderate, H - High.5Except where noted, plants prefer full sun.5aPlant Select is a cooperative program of Colorado State University, Denver Botanic Gardens and the Green Industry with the purpose of introducingthe very best plants for gardens from the High Plains and beyond.12Colorado State University, U.S. Department ofAgriculture and Colorado counties cooperating.CSU Extension programs are available to all withoutdiscrimination. No endorsement of products mentionedis intended nor is criticism implied of products notmentioned.

Table 1. Native shrubs for Colorado landscapes. Planting Native CommonColorado Altitude Evergreen/ Scientific Name1 Name(s) in feet2 Life Zone3 Moisture4 Deciduous Comments5 Large shrubs (6 - 10 ft when mature) Acer glabrum Rocky 5,000 - 10,500 Foothills - L - M D Small, rounded tree to large shrub; usually

Related Documents:

A Selection of Native Shrubs and Noteworthy Non-Native Shrubs W Shrubs of the Chicago Region Volunteer Stewardship Network - Chicago Wilderness

Table 1. Native shrubs for Colorado landscapes. Planting Native CommonColorado Altitude Evergreen/ Scientific Name1 Name(s) in feet2 Life Zone3 Moisture4 Deciduous Comments5 Large shrubs (6 - 10 ft when mature) Acer glabrum Rocky 5,000 - 10,500 Foothills - L - M D Small, rounded tree to large shrub; usually Mountain Montane multi-stemmed; smooth, gray branches with

Bruksanvisning för bilstereo . Bruksanvisning for bilstereo . Instrukcja obsługi samochodowego odtwarzacza stereo . Operating Instructions for Car Stereo . 610-104 . SV . Bruksanvisning i original

shrubs affected the shrubs' flammability in well-watered, controlled conditions. The 34 shrubs tested were selected based on the responses to a survey by fire professionals across the southern United States. Based on the results of the flammability study, the shrubs were grouped into three categories of flammability: high, moderate, and low .

2.4 SHRUBS All shrubs shall be true to character, well-developed bushes and with uniform shoot and foliage development typical for the species or type. All shrubs will be container grown in rigid pots. Ground cover shrubs sized 10 -20 cm or 20 -40 cm high will be in not less than 2L pots and shrubs sized 40 - 60 cm high will be in 3L pots.

10 tips och tricks för att lyckas med ert sap-projekt 20 SAPSANYTT 2/2015 De flesta projektledare känner säkert till Cobb’s paradox. Martin Cobb verkade som CIO för sekretariatet för Treasury Board of Canada 1995 då han ställde frågan

service i Norge och Finland drivs inom ramen för ett enskilt företag (NRK. 1 och Yleisradio), fin ns det i Sverige tre: Ett för tv (Sveriges Television , SVT ), ett för radio (Sveriges Radio , SR ) och ett för utbildnings program (Sveriges Utbildningsradio, UR, vilket till följd av sin begränsade storlek inte återfinns bland de 25 största

As with all Adonis Index programs the specific exercise selection will optimize your shoulder to waist measurements to get you closer to your ideal Adonis Index ratio numbers as fast as possible. IXP 12 Week Program. Cycle 1 – Weeks 1-3: Intermittent Super Sets. Week 1: 3 Workouts. Week 2: 4 Workouts . Week 3: 5 Workouts. Intermittent super sets are a workout style that incorporates both .