VRF VS Chiller
VRF VS ChillerJimmy LiaoTechnical Manager
General InfoBenefits of VRF SystemsBenefits of Chiller SystemsConclusions
General InfoBenefits of VRF SystemsBenefits of Chiller SystemsConclusions
What is a VRF System?VVariableRFRefrigerantFlow DX-type system: refrigerant (usually R410a) flows around the building in copperpipes Consists of outdoor units, indoor units, branch joints, copper pipes, controllers One outdoor system can drive multiple indoor units Suitable for most medium-sized commercial buildings ( 70,000 ft2), and somelarger buildings
Typical VRF system layout
VRF system modulation Tandem/Trio (LG-MPS)Multiple constant ON/OFF compressors Digital (Midea/Samsung/McQuay)Mechanical loading/unloading Inverter (Midea/Daikin/LG/Toshiba/MHI/ME)Variable speed compressor motor
Typical VRF applications
What is a chiller system?Water-cooled chillerAir-cooled chiller Refrigerant (usually R134a) only cycles inside the chiller unit - water (or a mixtureof water and anti-freeze) acts as second heat-transfer medium and flows aroundthe building in steel/plastic pipes Consists of chiller units, FCU/AHU indoor units, water pumps, water pipelines,cooling towers, valves, controllers Suitable for most of large commercial buildings and some of the medium-sizedbuildings
Typical chiller applications
Typical chiller applications
Typical water-cooled chiller system layoutCooling towerPumpChilled water pipesPump AHUChillerBoilerFCU
Typical air-cooled chiller system layoutChilled water pipesPump AHUChillerFCU
World AC marketWorld Air Conditioning Market by value by Product 2015, USD RF11%Multi Split3%Fan Coils2%SingleUnducted Splits55%Single DuctedSplits11%Source: The Building Services Research and Information Association (BSRIA)ProductCategoryShareVRF11% (9.7 bn)Chillers8% (7.7 bn)AHU & FCU8% (7 bn)Ducted Splits(IncludingUS ducted)11% (9.6 bn)Rooftops4% (3.6 bn)Total CACAround 40%,38 billion
World VRF marketWorld market for VRF from 2014 to 2020 inunits (number of pieces)Top 10 countries in the world market VRFin 2015 by units (number of pieces)1Source: The Building Services Research and Information Association (BSRIA)
World chiller marketWorld Market for chillers from 2014 to 2020in value (US m)Top 10 countries in the world market forchillers in 2015 by value(US m)Source: The Building Services Research and Information Association (BSRIA)
General InfoBenefits of VRF SystemsBenefits of Chiller SystemsConclusions
VRF systems match demand precisely Output matches load requirement Energy savings High comfortCapacity outputCapacity outputLoad requirement-20-10Heating01020Ambient temperature ºC3040Cooling50
VRF systems match demand precisely Quick response to changing load requirements Tight temperature controlRoom temperatureSETPOINTVRFVRFCONVENTIONALSYSTEMTime
VRF systems match demand preciselyCompared to chiller system: VRF needs less time to startup and load to full capacity running Due to using water as second heat-transfer medium, chiller systemstake time to sense and respond temperature changing VRF systems have lower starting currents due to having smallercapacity compressors and inverter starters
VRF systems need less space for installation8 ton Capacity ExampleRefrigerant R-410AØ 19.1 mmWaterØ 9.5 mmØ 50 mmØ 50 mmAir600 mmAlways needtwo ducts400 mm600 mm1000 mmoror
VRF systems need less space for installation105 kW“ VRF meets VAV”4.000 m³/h
VRF systems need less space for installation VRF systems can be directly put on roofs or the ground Water-cooled chiller systems need special plant rooms
VRF systems are easier to design and install Simple system: no pumps, no valves, no sensors needed One building’s AC system can be separated into a few phases toinstall and test, and to extend if necessary
VRF systems are easier to design and install Water pipes, water pumps, valves andother accessories make a much morecomplicated system
VRF system needs fewer resourcesVRF One resource: electricityChillers Electricity Water Scarce in some areas
VRF systems have lower noise levels VRF systems: Maximum 65dB(A) Chiller systems: Can easily go up to 85 dB(A) or even higher
VRF systems are easier to operate and maintain VRF systems don’t need a dedicated operator, end users can directlyhandle daily operation by themselves Most chiller systems need a dedicated technician to look after theplant room Every few months, chiller systems need tobe serviced: clean water pipes, descale,replace lubrication oil
VRFs have simpler BMS systems VRFs have simpler BMS systems since all the indoor and outdoor unitshave their own PCBs - just connect communication wires and gatewaysto establish a BMS Chiler BMS systems are much more complicated to configure - manyextra water sensors, pressure sensors, motorized valves required
General InfoBenefits of VRF SystemBenefits of Chiller SystemConclusion
Chillers are especially suitable for large projects Building: Beijing International Airport T3 Construction area: 370,000m2 Chillers installed: 4 x 1000RT Centrifugal (Offices) 6 x 700RT Centrifugal (5-Star Hotel) 2 x 500RT Centrifugal (Catering) 1 x 350RT Screw
Chillers are especially suitable for large projects 1 plant room can cover an air-conditioning area as big as 500,000m2 A VRF system would need around 1500 units, requiring a large spacefor the outdoor units Even if there is space to install so many outdoor units, piping lengthlimitations would still be a big challenge for a VRF system
Chiller systems have excellent backup functions Chillers, pumps, cooling towers are all in installed in parallel and can providebackup for each other
Chiller systems have better high-rise capabilities For high-rise buildings, chiller systems have fewer limitations - only needto make sure the pressure inside the water pipes does not get too high Lower capacity losses
Chiller systems have better high-rise capabilities VRF systems have limitations onpiping length and drop heights Even where the limitations are nota problem, noticeable capacitylosses still need to be consideredTotal pipe length: 1000mLongest pipe length: 200m
Other challenges for VRF systems Expensive copper piping Possibility of gas leakage Challenges in high ambient temperature zones Challenges in high dusty or sandy areas Oil reclaim Corrosion
General InfoBenefits of VRF SystemsBenefits of Chiller SystemsConclusions
Conclusions Both VRF and chiller systems have their own benefits and limitations, soboth have their own market share During last two decades, the VRF market has been growing rapidly. In thecoming few years, it’s share of the overall AC market is likely to increasefurther
Thank you
Water-cooled chiller Air-cooled chiller What is a chiller system? . Chillers 8% Fan Coils 2% World Air Conditioning Market by value by Product 2015, USD millions. 1 World market for VRF from 2014 to 2020 in . 1 x 350RT Screw Chillers are especially suitable for large projects
Per VRF for TACACS Servers Overview 16 How to Configure Per VRF for TACACS Servers 16 Configuring Per VRF on a TACACS Server 16 Verifying Per VRF for TACACS Servers 19 Configuration Examples for Per VRF for TACACS Servers 20 Configuring Per VRF for TACACS Servers Example 20 Additional References 20 Feature Information for Per VRF for TACACS Servers 21 TACACS Attribute-Value Pairs 23
The chiller plant in consideration served a medium-scale commercial building in Dubai and consisted of three air-cooled twin-circuit screw chillers - Chiller-1 which is the redundant chiller, Chiller-2 which is the lag chiller and Chiller-3 which is the lead chiller. Chiller-3 started first and ran for 6 minutes.
Standard Chiller/HP modulare per compressore a vite Generico/Bitzer con driver CAREL Cod.: 030221296 - Rel. 1.4 11/09/08 7 1. Applications and functions performed by the software Type of control unit AIR / WATER CHILLER Chiller only Chiller Heat pump Chiller Freecooling WATER / WATER CHILLER Chiller only
The highest peak in chiller technology VZ Chiller series Water cooled inverter chiller. 2 The highest peak in chiller technology EWWD-VZ chiller series An increasing demand for high efficient HVAC systems drives our product development mission. By answering market demands and offering new opportunities we anticipate on the future HVAC market needs. 8.0 7.1 7.7. 3 7.9 ESEER up to 8.5 Top .
ASHRAE Standard 15 for VRF 8 VRF-PI-HA-003-US 012L07 ASHRAE Standard 15 for VRF When designing a refrigerant pipe system for VRF, . 202 Break Room 352 203 Office 180 204 Office 216720 205 Conference 208 206 219Office 198 207 Confer
Jun 06, 2018 · DOAS with VRF Systems VRF comes with the measure NREL provides sample LG VRF units (air cooled) which can be imported as a measure Drop the thermal zones Size both the condensing and indoor units Our project had a water cooled VRF system, so we had
HVAC Multi-Split Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) Systems A. Bhatia, B.E. VRF (Variable refrigerant flow) is an air-condition system configuration where there is one outdoor condensing unit and multiple indoor units. The term variable refrigerant flow (VRF) refers to the ability of the system
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