Use Of Biocides To Mitigate MIC In Oil & Gas Applications

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Use of Biocides to Mitigate MIC in Oil & GasApplications

Presentation Outline Introduction Biofilm test method Results Biocidal activity Biofilm removal activity Case history Summary

Introduction to MICMicrobial Corrosion Can proceed at very high rates Can occur under conditions notnormally considered corrosive Tends to occur localized May involve several differentspecies and mechanisms Often driven by sulfate-reducingbacteria (SRB)Desulfovibrio ferrophilusSterilestrain IS5, 9 months27 months American Society of Microbiology [Applied and EnvironmentalMicrobiology, Vol. 80, 2014, p. 1226 – 1236]

MIC by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria (SRB)* American Society of Microbiology [Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 80, 2014, p. 1226 – 1236]* Not all SRB capable of EMIC mechanism; similar mechanism detected for certain methanogenic archaea

Mitigation of MIC in Oil and Gas PipelinesTypical wall thickness: 1 – 2 cm (400 – 800 mils)Mitigation of internal MIC in petroleum pipelines (Mechanical cleaning / ’pigging’) biocide Biocide is applied in batch mode, e.g. once a week for a few hours Purpose: Reduce corrosion of pipeline

Efficacy of Biocides against Biofilm The effect of biocides on the viability of biofilmorganisms has been extensively studied Information on the ability of biocides to removebiofilm is limited– Eager, et. al. showed that glutaraldehyde was able toremove a Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilm The biocidal activity and biofilm removal propertiesof common oilfield biocides was investigated

Methodology

Biofilm Test Method Biofouled coupons transferred to buffercontaining biocide At appropriate times coupons removed, rinsedand transferred to sterile saline Coupons sonicated to release bacteria Viable bacteria determined by plate counting andresults reported as CFU/cm2 Duplicate coupons stained and viewedmicroscopically to assess biofilm removal

Results

Comparative Biocidal Efficacy against BiofilmBiocideControlConcentration,ppm active0Viable Count, CFU/cm21 hour4 hours5.3 x 1064.3 x 106ADBAC25504.3 x 1063.3 x 1039.3 x 1051.3 x 103Glutaraldehyde25506.0 x 1061.1 x 1043.7 x 1051.9 x 102Glutaraldehyde ADBAC25501.7 x 1056.8 x 1022.5 x 104 1.6 x 101THPS25501001.2 x 1061.1 x 1056.8 x 1021.2 x 1053.4 x 1024.7 x 101TTPC25501.4 x 1065.1 x 1021.3 x 1053.1 x 101

Comparative Biofilm Removal Activity1 Hour ExposureControl1.1 x 107 CFU/cm2ADBAC3.3 x 103Glutaraldehyde (GA) GA/ADBAC2.8 x 1053.7 x 104THPS7.8 x 104TTPC1.9 x 103THPS1.9 x 102TTPC 1.6 x 1014 Hour ExposureControl1.3 x 107 CFU/cm2ADBAC1.3 x 103Glutaraldehyde (GA) GA/ADBAC 1.6 x 101 1.6 x 101

Comparative Biocidal Efficacy against Biofilm ofPhosphonium BiocidesBiocideControlConcentration,ppm active0Viable Count, CFU/cm21 hour4 hours2.9 x 1065.7 x 106THPS501003.9 x 1064.7 x 1037.8 x 1031.1 x 102TTPC25507.9 x 1066.5 x 1024.8 x 1041.4 x 10250/252.0 x 103 1.6 x 101THPS/TTPC

Comparative Biofilm Removal Activity ofPhosphonium Biocides1 Hour ExposureControl2.9 x 106 CFU/cm2THPS, 50 ppm3.9 x 106THPS, 100ppm4.7 x 103TTPC, 25 ppm7.9 x 106TTPC, 50 ppm6.5 x 102THPS/TTPC,50/25 ppm2.0 x 103TTPC, 50 ppm1.4 x 102THPS/TTPC,50/25 ppm 1.6 x 1014 Hour ExposureControl5.7 x 106 CFU/cm2THPS, 50 ppm7.8 x 103THPS, 100 ppm1.1 x 102TTPC, 25 ppm4.8 x 104

Case History

Bakken Water Injection Well Trial* Problem: Using THPS to control bacteria, but observingincomplete kill and high corrosion rates Solution: Use low levels of TTPC to secure both additionalkill and lower corrosion rates Results: Improved kill and lower corrosion rates*Keasler, V.; et.al. SPE 121082, 2009 International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry

Trial Set-UpInjected PS75 ppm4 hrs/wk7 monthsTHPS100 ppm4 hrs/wk4 monthsTHPS plus TTPC100 ppm 10 ppm4 hrs/wk1 monthTHPS100 ppm4 hrs/wk3 monthsCorrosion coupons pulled at the end of each treatment and replaced with new ones

Efficacy ResultsTHPSTHPSTHPS 10ppm TTPCTHPSPanel A: Bacterial Counts at Sample Point 1 (Water Transfer Inlet)Panel B: Bacterial Counts at Sample Point 2 (Water Injection Plant)Panel C: Bacterial Counts at Sample Point 3 (Water Injection Well)

Corrosion Coupon ResultsCorrosion Coupons from SP 2:(l to r), 75 ppm THPS, 100 ppm THPS, 100 ppm THPS 10 ppm TTPC75 ppmTHPS100 ppmTHPS100 ppmTHPS 10 ppmTTPCSample Point 11.68GC/P1.60GC0.79GC1.19GCSample Point 22.60GC/P3.09GC1.16GC2.65GCSample Point 30.30GC/P1.15GC0.79GC1.05GC100 ppmTHPSGC General Corrosion; P Pitting. MPY results are time-normalized

Summary Biofilm control essential for the mitigation of MIC Biocides vary in their ability to kill and removebiofilm Biocide combinations which include a surfaceactive biocide (ADBAC, TTPC) have improvedactivity compared to the individual biocides alone Biocide treatments which display both biocidalactivity and biofilm removal properties would beexpected to offer the best potential for MICcontrol

Phosphonium Biocides 1 Hour Exposure 4 Hour Exposure Control THPS, 50 ppm THPS, 100 ppm TTPC, 25 ppm TTPC, 50 ppm THPS/TTPC, 5.7 x 106 2CFU/cm2 7.8 x 103 1.1 x 10 4.8 x 104 1.4 x 102 50/25 ppm 1 1.6 x 10 Control THPS, 50 ppm THPS, 100ppm TTPC, 25 ppm TTPC, 50 ppm THPS/TTPC,

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