SPRING 2020Dear Fellow Physical Therapist:Congratulations! By acquiring this Candidate Guide, you have been proactive in your interest in andpursuit of specialist certification. The specialist certification program has been designed to identify anddefine physical therapy specialty areas and to formally recognize physical therapists who have attainedadvanced knowledge and skills in those areas.Certification also assists the public and health care community in identifying therapists withacknowledged expertise in a particular field of practice and demonstrates that physical therapists aredevoted to addressing the unique needs of the people with whom we work.Certification is achieved through successful completion of a standardized online application andexamination process. Coordination of this program is provided by the American Board of PhysicalTherapy Specialties (ABPTS), the governing body for approval of new specialty areas and certification ofclinical specialists. Specialty councils representing the 10 recognized specialty areas have beenappointed to delineate and describe the advanced knowledge, skills, and abilities of clinical specialists;determine specific requirements for certification; and develop the certification examinations.The dedicated volunteers currently giving their time and service to the development of this process arelisted in the rosters in the beginning of this booklet. APTA established this program in 1978 to provideformal recognition for physical therapists with advanced clinical knowledge, competence, and skills in aspecial area of practice. The program evolved from the membership of special interest sections ofAPTA as a way to encourage and facilitate the professional growth of individual members and therebyfacilitate growth of the entire profession.Certified specialists have clearly demonstrated their commitment to service by the variety, depth, andconsistency of their professional involvement. Their desire to attain formal recognition of theiradvanced clinical knowledge, competence, and skills reflects their devotion to their profession andtheir patients. In these times of dramatic health care reform, dedication to public service by providinghigh quality physical therapy services is paramount.If you share these personal and professional principles, then you are in the right place! Please join thegrowing number of physical therapists who have chosen this pathway of professional development.Thank you for your interest and I wish you success in this endeavor.Sincerely,Marie Johanson, PT, PhDBoard-Certified Orthopaedic Clinical SpecialistChair, American Board of Physical Therapy SpecialtiesOrthopaedic Specialist Certification Candidate Guide2
AMERICAN BOARD OF PHYSICALTHERAPY SPECIALTIESMarie A. Johanson, PT, PhD, ChairSPECIALTY COUNCIL ON ORTHOPAEDICPHYSICAL THERAPYHilary Greenberger, PT, PhD, ChairBoard-Certified Orthopaedic Clinical SpecialistBoard-Certified Orthopaedic Clinical SpecialistPatrick J. Curtin, PhDJudy R. Gelber, PT, DPTTest and Measurements RepresentativeBoard-Certified Orthopaedic Clinical SpecialistMarcia Ditmyer, PhD, MS, MBAPamela Kikillus, PT, DHSc, FAAOMPTPublic RepresentativeWilliam “Scott” Doerhoff, PT, MSPTBoard-Certified Geriatrics Clinical SpecialistBoard-Certified Orthopaedic Clinical SpecialistJimmy Kim, PT, DPTBoard-Certified Orthopaedic Clinical SpecialistPeter Sprague, PT, DPTSean Lowers PT, DPTBoard-Certified Orthopaedic Clinical SpecialistBoard-Certified Cardiovascular and PulmonaryClinical SpecialistRobin Myers, PT, DPTBoard-Certified Neurologic Clinical SpecialistNancy Orr, PhDConsumer RepresentativeJulie Peterson, PT, DPTBoard-Certified Women’s Health Clinical SpecialistTeresa L. Schuemann, PT, DPT, ATCBoard-Certified Sports Clinical SpecialistRobert Sellin, PT, DScBoard-Certified Clinical Electrophysiologic ClinicalSpecialistDana L. Wild, PT, PhDBoard-Certified Pediatrics Clinical SpecialistOrthopaedic Specialist Certification Candidate Guide3
1. GENERAL INFORMATION1.1. American Physical Therapy Association . 51.2. American Board ofPhysical Therapy Specialties . 51.3. Specialty Council . 51.4. Additional Physical Therapy Examinations . 51.5. National Board of Medical Examiners .51.6. Prometric . 51.7. Restriction of the TermBoard-Certified Specialist . 52. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS2.1. General Requirements . 52.2. Other Requirements . 52.3. Steps to Complete Certification . 62.4. Maintenance of Specialist Certification (MOSC) . 62.5. Ineligibility for Certification . 75.8. Answer Strategy . 95.9. Tutorial . 106. SITTING FOR THE EXAM6.1. Computer Testing . 106.2. Test Centers and Testing Conditions . 106.3. Exam Time . 106.4. Admission to Test . 106.5. Testing Regulations and Rules of Conduct . 116.6. Irregular Behavior Duringthe Examination Process. 116.7. Canceled or Delayed Exam Administrationor Problems at the Testing Center . 126.8. Exam Deferral . 126.9. Equipment Malfunction . 126.10. Incomplete Examinations . 127. EXAM RESULTS3. APPLICATION PROCESS3.1. Application Deadline . 73.2. Procedures for Application Review . 73.3. Services for Persons With Disabilities . 73.4. Certification in More Than 1 Specialty Area . 73.5. Submission of Application . 73.6. Application Review Fee . 83.7. Time Limit for Active Application/Reapplication . 83.8. Address Changes . 84. SCHEDULING THE EXAM4.1. Examination Fee and Scheduling Permit. 84.2. Test Dates . 84.3. How to Schedule an Appointment ata Testing Center. 84.4. Refunds and Cancellations . 84.5. Rescheduling an Exam . 95. PREPARING FOR THE EXAM5.1. Description of Specialty Practice (DSP) . 95.2. Exam Content Outline . 95.3. Preparation for the Exam . 95.4. Review Materials and Courses . 95.5. Study Groups. 95.6. Exam Development . 95.7. Exam Question Format . 9Orthopaedic Specialist Certification Candidate Guide7.1. Exam Results and Notification . 127.2. Scaled Scores . 127.3. Passing Scores . 128. CONFIDENTIALITY8.1. Confidentiality of Applicant Identity . 138.2. Confidentiality of Examination Content . 139. GROUNDS FOR DISCIPLINARY ACTION . 1310. PROCEDURES FOR REVIEW OF DECISIONS10.1. Reconsideration of DecisionRegarding Eligibility to Sit for the Exam . 1310.2. Appeal to ABPTS of Specialty Council’sDecision Regarding Eligibilityto Sit for the Exam . 1310.3. Procedures for Review ofCertification Actions . 1310.4. Appeal to APTA Board of Directors ofABPTS Decision to Deny Certification . 1411. EXAM CONTENT OUTLINE &SAMPLE QUESTIONS11.1. Exam Content Outline. 1411.2. Sample Questions . 1512. RESOURCE GUIDE INFORMATION . 174
1. GENERAL INFORMATIONcouncils.1.1. American Physical Therapy AssociationThe American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) is a nationalprofessional organization representing more than 100,000 physicaltherapists, physical therapist assistants, and physical therapystudents throughout the United States. Its goals are to serve itsmembers and to serve the public by increasing the understanding ofthe physical therapist’s role in the health care system, and byfostering improvements in physical therapy education, practice,research, and professional development.1.6. PrometricNBME currently delivers the specialist certification examinationsby computer through Prometric. Prometric administers testingprograms for educational institutions, professional associations,corporations, and other organizations. Examinations aredelivered in test centers that have secure rooms dedicated totest delivery.APTA established the specialist certification program in 1978 toprovide formal recognition for physical therapists with advancedclinical knowledge, experience, and skills in a special area ofpractice, and to assist consumers and the health care community toidentify physical therapy specialists.1.2. American Board of Physical Therapy SpecialtiesCoordination and oversight of the specialist certification process isprovided by the American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties(ABPTS), which is the governing body for approval of new specialtyareas and certification of clinical specialists. ABPTS comprises boardcertified physical therapists from different specialty areas; a physicaltherapist member of the APTA Board of Directors; an individual withexpertise in test development, evaluation, and education; and anonphysical therapist member representing the publicThe American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) prohibitspreferential treatment or adverse discrimination on the basis ofrace, creed, color, gender, age, national or ethnic origin, sexualorientation, disability or health status in all areas including, but notlimited to, its qualifications for membership, rights of members,policies, programs, activities, and employment practices.Note: Prometric test center locations are subject to change, andthere is no guarantee that a center listed on the Prometricwebsite at the time of application will be available for a futureABPTS administration. The most efficient way for candidates tocheck for test center locations is to log on to www.prometric.com/ABPTS and select “locate a test center.” This provides themost up-to-date information.1.7. Restriction of the Term Board-Certified SpecialistAPTA’s House of Delegates adopted a policy that no physicaltherapist shall purport to be a “Board-Certified Clinical Specialist”unless (s)he has successfully completed the certification processas developed by the American Board of Physical TherapySpecialties (HOD 06- 94-23-39). In addition, ABPTS does notpermit applicants for certification to state that they are “boardeligible.”2. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS2.1. General RequirementsApplicants must hold a current permanent/unrestricted licenseto practice physical therapy in the United States or any of itspossessions or territories. In addition, applicants are required topay the application review fee.1.3. Specialty CouncilThe Specialty Council, representing the area of orthopaedic physicaltherapy, has been appointed to delineate the advanced knowledge,skills, and abilities for their specialty area; to determine theacademic and clinical requirements for certification; and to developthe certification examinations and oversee the maintenance ofspecialist certification. The Council comprises 5 board-certifiedspecialists in the practice area.Applicants must meet the minimum eligibility requirements forthe 2021 examination when the application is submitted.Applicants are encouraged to apply prior to the deadline toexpedite the application review process. However, due to theCOVID-19 pandemic, applications can be submitted throughOctober 31, 2020, if more time is need. Applicants must submit acomplete application and review fee for each specialistcertification exam.1.4. Additional Physical Therapy ExaminationsIndividuals interested in Cardiovascular & Pulmonary, ClinicalElectrophysiology, Geriatric, Neurologic, Oncologic, Pediatric,Sports, Women’s Health, and Wound Management (1st examination2022) certifications must complete a separate online application,accessible through APTA’s Specialist Certification Program website(www.abpts.org).ABPTS does not permit applicants to use the same direct patientcare hours for different specialty areas.1.5. National Board of Medical ExaminersThe National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME ) is a nonprofitorganization that strives to provide the highest quality testing andresearch services to organizations involved in the licensure andcertification of medical and health science professionals.NBME provides test development, test administration, editorialpro-duction, and psychometric services to ABPTS and the specialtyOrthopaedic Specialist Certification Candidate Guide2.2. Other RequirementsApplicants must meet requirements for Option A or Option BOption AApplicants must submit evidence of 2,000 hours of direct patientcare as a licensed United States physical therapist (temporarylicense excluded) in the specialty area within the last ten (10)years, 25% (500) of which must have occurred within the last three(3) years. Direct patient care must include activities in each of theelements of patient/client management applicable to the specialtyarea and included in the Description of Specialty Practice (DSP).These elements, as defined by the Guide to Physical TherapistPractice, are examination, evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, and5
intervention.Option BApplicants must submit evidence of successful completion of an APTAaccredited postprofessional Orthopaedic clinical residency completedwithin the last 10 years that has a curriculum plan reflective of theDescription of Specialty Practice: Orthopaedic Physical Therapy.Experience from residencies in which the curriculum plan reflects onlya portion of the DSP will not be considered.Applicants who are currently enrolled in an ABPTRFE-accreditedclinical residency, or enrolled in a residency program that has beengranted candidacy status, may apply for the specialist certificationexamination in the appropriate specialty area prior to completionof the residency. These applicants will be conditionally approved tosit for the examination, as long as they meet all other eligibilityrequirements, pending submission of evidence of successfulcompletion of the ABPTRFE-accredited clinical residency to APTA’sSpecialist Certification Program no later than 1 month before theexamination window opens. To verify your residency program’saccreditation status, please visit www.abptrfe.org.2.3. Steps to Complete CertificationCertification as a Physical Therapy Clinical Specialist consists of 2major steps:STEP 1. You must submit evidence that you have fulfilled theminimum eligibility requirements as defined by the specialtycouncil. This includes completion of all required application forms,fees, documentation of the required practice hours, and otherrequirements specified by the specialty council.You must meet all requirements by the application deadline. Dueto the COVID-19 pandemic, the Specialty Council will allow latesubmissions through October 31, 2020.STEP 2. Following completion of Step 1 and approval of theapplication, the candidate must sit for and receive a passing scoreon the computer-based certification exam.Certification is awarded for a period of 10 years. ABPTS hasadopted a model of continued competency throughout the yearsof certification rather than a one-time recertification process asthe certification period lapses. This model is titled the“Maintenance of Specialist Certification (MOSC).” Please reviewdetails of the MOSC program in Section 2.4.2.4. Maintenance of Specialist Certification (MOSC)ABPTS has developed a model for maintaining certification thatfocuses on continuing competence of the physical therapistspecialist. This new model has been titled the “Maintenance ofSpecialist Certification” and includes the following elements: Professional Standing and Direct Patient Care Hours Commitment to Lifelong Learning Through ProfessionalDevelopment Practice Performance Through Examples of Patient Care andClinical Reasoning Cognitive Expertise Through a Test of Knowledge in theProfessionRequirement 1: Professional Standing and Direct Patient CareHours In years 3, 6, and 9, a specialist must submit evidence ofcurrent licensure as a physical therapist in the United Statesor any of its possessions or territories. In years 3, 6, and 9, a specialist must submit evidence of200 hours of direct patient care acquired in the specialtyarea within the last 3 years. Direct patient care hoursaccrued in year 10 may be applied to the year 3requirements for the next MOSC cycle.Requirement 2: Commitment to Lifelong Learning ThroughProfessional Development Each board-certified specialist is obligated to participate inongoing professional development, within his or herdesignated specialty area, which leads to a level of practiceconsistent with acceptable standards. Each specialist maychoose to pursue professional development that leads to alevel of practice beyond prevailing standards. A web-based system to track continuing competence in aspecialty area will be developed. This system will provide anindividual account tracking mechanism for each specialist torecord professional development activities during years 3, 6,and 9 of his or her certification cycle. There is not an hourrequirement in this area, but the specialist must showevidence of professional development activities (equivalent to10 MOSC credits) within 2 of the 3 designated activitycategories in years 3, 6, and 9. By year 9, a specialist must haveaccrued a minimum of 30 MOSC credits and demonstratedprofessional development in each of the 3 designated activitycategories. These activities include professional services,continuing education coursework, publications, presentations,clinical supervision and consultation, research, clinicalinstruction, and teaching.Requirement 3: Practice Performance Through Examples ofClinical Care and Reasoning The purpose of this requirement is to document continuingcompetency in patient/client management in the specialtyarea. The specialist will use an online system to complete 1reflective portfolio submission in years 3, 6, and 9 of his orher certification cycle. These reflective portfoliosubmissions will be used to demonstrate the specialist’s useof clinical care and reasoning. Each submission must have areflective component and must have documentation thatreflects clinical reasoning. These reflective portfolio submissions will not be scored butwill be screened for completion of required information andreflection.Requirement 4: Cognitive Expertise Through a Test ofKnowledge in the Profession During year 10 of the certification cycle, the specialist will berequired to sit for a recertification examination, comprisingapproximately 100 items. The exam will be specialty specific,Orthopaedic Specialist Certification Can
Orthopaedic Specialist Certification Candidate Guide 6 intervention. Option B Applicants must submit evidence of successful completion of an APTA-accredited postprofessional Orthopaedic clinical residency completed within the last 10 years that has a curriculum plan reflective of the Description of Specialty Practice: Orthopaedic Physical Therapy.
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ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY Issued March 2006 Last reviewed April 2022 1 Please fax referrals to The Alfred Specialist Clinics on 9076 6938. The Alfred Specialist Clinics Referral Form is available to print and fax. Where appropriate and available, the referral may be directed to an alternative specialist clinic or service.
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