VFR Chart Symbols - Remote Pilot 101
8VFR AERONAUTICAL CHART SYMBOLSAERONAUTICAL INFORMATIONAIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .AIRSPACE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .CHART LIMITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1011121618TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATIONCULTURERAILROADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ROADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POPULATED PLACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .BOUNDARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .MISCELLANEOUS CULTURAL FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1919202021HYDROGRAPHYSHORELINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LAKES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .RESERVOIRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .STREAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .MISCELLANEOUS HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2222222323RELIEFCONTOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ELEVATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .UNRELIABLE RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SHADED RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .AREA RELIEF FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .MISCELLANEOUS RELIEF FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .262727272727
9HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTSAIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .AIRSPACE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .CULTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .HYDROGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28282931323232VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTSAIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .AIRSPACE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .CULTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .HYDROGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33333335363636GENERAL INFORMATIONSymbols shown are for World Aeronautical Charts (WACs), Sectional Aeronautical Charts (Sectionals), Terminal AreaCharts (TACs), VFR Flyway Planning Charts and Helicopter Route Charts. When a symbol is different on any VFRchart series, it will be annotated as such (e.g. WAC or Not shown on WAC).
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRPORTSAIRPORTSLANDPLANE: CIVILAirports having control towers (CT) areshown in blue, all others are shown inmagenta.All recognizable runways, including somewhich may be closed,are shown for visualidentification purposes.LANDPLANE:EMERGENCYNo facilitiesorComplete information is not available.Add appropriate noteas required:“(CLOSED)”Refueling and repairfacilities for normaltraffic.Runway patterns willbe depicted at airports with at least onehard surface runway1500 or greater inlength.SEAPLANE:EMERGENCYNo facilities or complete information isnot available.HELIPORT(Selected)SEAPLANE: CIVILAERONAUTICALINFORMATIONULTRALIGHT FLIGHTPARK(Selected)AIRPORT DATAGROUPING(Pvt) - Non-public usehaving emergency orlandmark fueling and repairfacilities not indicated.10
11VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationRADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATIONRADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATIONVHFOMNI-DIRECTIONALRADIO (VOR) RANGEILS COMPONENTSShown when component of airway system or used in thedescription of Class Bairspace.BROADCASTSTATIONS (BS)On request by theproper authority orwhen a VFR Checkpoint.VORFLIGHT SERVICESTATION (FSS)VORTAC{When an NDBNAVAID shares thesame name andMorse Code astheVOR NAVAID thefrequency can becolocated inside thesame box to B)NDB-DMEREMOTECOMMUNICATIONSOUTLET (RCO)
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationRADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATIONAIR FORCE STATION(AFS)AIRSPACE INFORMATIONCLASS C AIRSPACEAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.(Mode C seeFAR 91.215 /AIM)LONG RANGERADAR STATION(LRRS)OFF AIRPORTAWOS/ASOSAIRSPACE INFORMATIONCLASS B AIRSPACECLASS D AIRSPACEOnly the airspaceeffective below18,000 feet MSL areshown.(Mode C seeFAR 91.215 /AIM)All mileagesare nautical (NM).All radialsare magnetic.LAS 002Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.12
13VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRSPACE INFORMATIONCLASS E AIRSPACECANADIAN AIRSPACEThe limits of Class Eairspace shall beshown by narrowvignettes or by thedashed magentasymbol. Individualunits of designatedairspace are not necessarily shown;instead, the aggregate lateral and vertical limits shall bedefined by the following:Individual units ofdesignated Canadianairspace are not necessarily shown;instead, the aggregate lateral and vertical limits shall beportrayed as closelyas possible to thecomparable U.S. airspace.Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.Airspace beginning atthe surface (sfc) designated around airports .Airspace beginning at700 feet AGL .AIRSPACE INFORMATION’Airspace beginning at1200 feet AGL orgreater that abutsuncontrolled airspace (Class G) .Differentiates floorsof airspace greaterthan 700 feet abovethe surface.When the ceiling isless than 18,000 feetMSL, the value, prefixed by the word"ceiling,” shall beshown along the limits.OFFSHORECONTROL AREASAIRSPACE OUTSIDEOF U.S.Other than CanadaAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.FLIGHTINFORMATIONREGIONS (FIR)and /or (CTA)OCEANICCONTROL AREAS(OCA)
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRSPACE INFORMATIONLOW ALTITUDEAIRWAYSVOR and LF / MF(CLASS E AIRSPACE)Low altitude FederalAirways are indicatedby centerline.Only the controlledairspace effectivebelow 18,000 feetMSL is shown.AIRSPACE INFORMATIONSPECIAL USEAIRSPACEOnly the airspaceeffective below18,000 feet MSL areshown.The type of area shallbe spelled out in largeareas if space permits.MISCELLANEOUSAIR ROUTESMILITARY TRAININGROUTES (MTR)SPECIAL MILITARYACTIVITY ROUTES(SMAR)Boxed notes (as intext) shown adjacentto route.14
15VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRSPACE INFORMATIONSPECIAL AIRTRAFFIC RULES /AIRPORT PATTERNS(FAR 93)Appropriate boxednote as requiredshown adjacent toarea.SPACEOPERATIONSAREA(FAR 91.143)AIRSPACE INFORMATIONSPECIAL AIRSPACEAREASSPECIAL FEDERALAVIATIONREGULATIONS(SFAR) AREASAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.Note. Delimiting linenot shown when itcoincides with International Boundary,projection lines orother linear features.FLIGHT RESTRICTEDZONE RELATING TONATIONAL SECURITYExample:Washington DCMODE C(FAR 91.215)Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.MISCELLANEOUSAIRSPACE AREASParachute JumpingArea with FrequencyGliderOperating AreaUltralightActivityHang GliderActivityAIR DEFENSEIDENTIFICATIONZONE (ADIZ)Note. Delimiting linenot shown when itcoincides with International Boundary,projection lines orother linear features.TEMPORARY FLIGHTRESTRICTION (TFR)RELATING TONATIONAL SECURITYSPECIALCONSERVATIONAREASNational Park,Wildlife Refuge,Primitive andWilderness Areas,etc.Example:P-40/R-4009Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.CAUTIONP-40 AND R-4009 EXPANDED BYTEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRICTION.CONTACT AFSS FOR LATEST STATUSAND NOTAMS
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRSPACE INFORMATIONNATIONALSECURITY AREA16AIRSPACE INFORMATIONIFR ROUTESAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.ArrivalAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.DepartureTRANSITION ROUTESHIGH ENERGYRADIATIONAREASAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.VFR TRANSITION ROUTEATC CLEARANCE REQUIREDSEE SHOWBOAT GRAPHICON SIDE PANELUni-directionalBi-directionalNAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATIONISOGONIC LINE &VALUEIsogonic lines andvalues shall be basedon the five year epochmagnetic variationmodel.TERMINAL RADARSERVICE AREA(TRSA)Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.LOCAL MAGNETICNOTESUnreliabilityNotesCOMPASS ROSETTEShown only in areasvoid of VOR roses.Compass rosette willbe based on the fiveyear epoch magneticvariation model.
17VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationNAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATIONINTERSECTIONSNAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATIONMARINE LIGHTSNamed intersectionsused as reportingpoints. Arrows aredirected toward facilities which establishintersection.With Characteristicsof LightAERONAUTICALLIGHTSAERONAUTICALLIGHTSVISUAL GROUNDSIGNSShore andLandmarkersVFR CHECKPOINTSSite #VFR WAYPOINTSStand-AloneCollocated withVFR Checkpoint
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationNAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATIONOBSTRUCTIONCHART LIMITSOUTLINE ONSECTIONAL OFTERMINAL SITYOBSTRUCTIONLIGHTSHigh-intensity lightsmay operate parttime.WINDMILL FARMSWhen highest windmill is unverified, UCwill be shown afterMSL value.MAXIMUMELEVATIONFIGURE (MEF)(see page 2 for explanation).WARNING ANDCAUTION NOTESUsed when specificarea is not demarcated.’’OUTLINE ONSECTIONAL OFINSET CHART18
19VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic InformationCULTURERAILROADSAll gaugesCULTURERAILROAD SIDINGSAND SHORT SPURSSingle TrackTOPOGRAPHICINFORMATIONROADSDouble TrackDual-LaneDivided HighwayCategory 1More ThanTwo TracksPrimaryCategory 2ElectricRAILROADS INJUXTAPOSITIONSecondaryCategory 2TRAILSCategory 3RAILROADNONOPERATING,ABANDONED,DESTROYEDOR UNDERCONSTRUCTIONProvides symbolization for dismantledrailroad when combined with label "dismantled railroad."ROAD MARKERSInterstate RouteNo.RAILROAD YARDSLimiting Track ToScaleU.S. Route No.Air MarkedIdentification LabelROAD NAMESLocation OnlyRAILROADSTATIONSROADS UNDERCONSTRUCTIONFeatures Related toRailroads and Roads
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic InformationCULTUREBRIDGESAND VIADUCTSCULTUREFERRIES, FERRYSLIPS AND FORDSRailroadRoadOVERPASSES ANDUNDERPASSESCAUSEWAYSTUNNELS-ROADAND LATEDPLACESLarge CitiesCategory 1Cities andLarge TownsCategory 2State orProvinceConvention orMandate LinePOPULATEDPLACESTowns and VillagesCategory 3Date Line20
21VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic InformationCULTURECULTURETIME ZONESSMALL LOCKSMINES ORQUARRIESWEIRS ANDJETTIESShaft Minesor QuarriesPOWERTRANSMISSION &TELECOMMUNICATION M CARRYINGROADPASSABLE LOCKSPIERS, WHARFS,QUAYS, LSOther Than Water
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic InformationCULTURERACE TRACKSHYDROGRAPHYSHORELINESDefiniteLOOKOUT TOWERSAir markedidentificationFluctuating618 (Elevation Base of Tower)LANDMARK AREASUnsurveyedIndefiniteTANKSMan-madeLAKESLabel as requiredCOAST GUARDSTATIONPerennialWhen too numerousto show individuallakes, show representative pattern anddescriptive note.Non-PerennialAERIALCABLEWAYS,CONVEYORS, ETC.(dry, intermittent, etc.)Illustration includessmall perennial lakeRESERVOIRSNatural ShorelinesHYDROGRAPHYOPEN WATERMan-madeShorelinesLabel when necessary for clarityToo small to show toscaleINLAND WATERUnder Construction22
23VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic ET SAND AREASWithin and adjacentto desert areasAQUEDUCTSNon-PerennialFanned OutAlluvial fanAbandoned uspended S HYDROGRAPHICFEATURESwith undefined limitsKanatswith maximum banklimits, prominent andconstantSand Deposits Inand AlongRiverbedsUnderground aqueduct with air vents
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic InformationHYDROGRAPHYHYDROGRAPHYFLUMES,PENSTOCKS ANDSIMILAR FEATURESTo ScaleElevatedUndergroundFALLSAbandoned orUnderConstructionAbandonedto ScaleSMALL CANALSAND DRAINAGE on-PerennialRAPIDSDouble-LineAbandonedor AncientNumerousSingle-LineRepresentative pattern and/or descriptive note.CANALSNumerous24
25VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic InformationHYDROGRAPHYHYDROGRAPHYCOASTAL HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURESSALT EVAPORATORSAND SALT PANSMAN EXPLOITEDLAND SUBJECT TOINUNDATIONSWAMPS, MARSHESAND BOGSSPRINGS, WELLSAND WATERHOLESHUMMOCKS ANDRIDGESGLACIERSMANGROVE ANDNIPAGLACIAL MORAINESICE CLIFFSPEAT BOGSpeat bogTUNDRACRANBERRY BOGSRICE PADDIESExtensive areas indicated by label only.SNOWFIELDS, ICEFIELDS AND ICECAPSICE PEAKSFORESHORE FLATSTidal flats exposed atlow tide.
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic RSBare or AwashBasicWRECKSExposedREEFS-ROCKYOR CORALApproximateMISCELLANEOUSUNDERWATERFEATURES NOTOTHERWISESYMBOLIZEDIntermediateFISH PONDS ANDHATCHERIESICEPermanentPolar IceAuxiliaryDepressionIllustration includesmound withindepressionValuesPack Ice02000010
27VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic InformationRELIEFRELIEFSPOT ELEVATIONSELEVATIONSSAND OR GRAVELAREASPosition AccurateSAND RIDGESPosition Accurate,ElevationApproximateTo ScaleUNRELIABLE RELIEFApproximatelocationSAND DUNESTo ScaleHighest in GeneralAreaSHADED RELIEFHighest on ChartROCK STRATAOUTCROPMOUNTAIN PASS12632HACHURINGAREA RELIEF FEATURESQUARRIES TOSCALESTRIP MINES, MINEDUMPS ANDTAILINGSUNSURVEYEDAREASTo ScaleLabel appropriatelyas requiredCRATERSUNCONTOUREDAREASMISCELLANEOUSRELIEF FEATURESLabel appropriatelyas requiredRELIEF DATA FFS, CLIFFS,DEPRESSIONS, ETC.LAVA FLOWSLEVEES ANDESKERS
HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRPORTSLANDPLANEAll recognizable runways, including somewhich may be closed,are shown for visualidentification.28RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATIONVHFOMNI-DIRECTIONALRADIO (VOR) RANGEHELICOPTER ROUTECHARTSHELIPORTSEAPLANEULTRALIGHTFLIGHT PARKVORAIRPORT DATAGROUPING(Pvt) - Non-public usehaving emergency orlandmark value.VORTACWhen an NDBNAVAID shares thesame name andMorse Code astheVOR NAVAID thefrequency can becolocated inside thesame box to B)NDB-DME{Boxed airport nameindicates airport forwhich a Special Traffic Rule has beenestablished.
29HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationRADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATIONNAVAIDS USEDTO DEFINECLASS B AIRSPACEBROADCASTSTATIONS (BS)On request by theproper authority orwhen a VFR Checkpoint.AIRSPACE INFORMATIONCLASS B AIRSPACEAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown. (Mode C seeFAR 91.215/AIM)All mileages arenautical (NM)All radials aremagnetic.FLIGHT SERVICESTATION (FSS)CLASS C AIRSPACEAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown. (Mode C seeFAR 91.215/AIM)REMOTECOMMUNICATIONSOUTLET (RCO)CLASS D AIRSPACEHELICOPTER ROUTECHARTS
HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRSPACE INFORMATIONCLASS E SURFACE(SFC) AIRSPACEAIRSPACE INFORMATIONCANADIAN AIRSPACEAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.SPECIAL AIRSPACEAREASFLIGHT RESTRICTEDZONE RELATING TONATIONAL SECURITYExample:Washington DCAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.AIR DEFENSEIDENTIFICATIONZONE (ADIZ)Note. Delimiting linenot shown when itcoincides with International Boundary,projection lines orother linear features.HELICOPTERROUTES30
31HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRSPACE INFORMATIONSPECIAL USEAIRSPACENAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATIONVFR CHECKPOINTSOnly the airspaceeffective below18,000 feet MSL isshown.The type of area shallbe spelled out in largeareas if space permits.MILITARY TRAININGROUTES (MTR)SPECIAL AIRTRAFFIC RULES /AIRPORT TRAFFICAREAS(FAR PART 93)Appropriate boxednotes as requiredshown adjacent toarea.VFR WAYPOINTSStand-AloneCollocated withVFR CheckpointOBSTRUCTIONS’’MODE C(FAR 91.215)Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.MISCELLANEOUSAIRSPACE AREASParachute JumpingArea with FrequencyGliderOperating AreaUltralightActivityHang TION FIGURE(MEF)(see page 2 for explanation).NAVIGATION DATA’’National Park,Wildlife Refuge,Primitive andWilderness Areas,etc.’’TERMINAL RADARSERVICE AREA(TRSA)Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.’’
HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Topographic InformationNAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATIONWARNING ANDCAUTION ALSLOCAL LROADSHYDROGRAPHYSingle TrackDouble TrackROADSDual-Lane:Divided HighwaysMajor Boulevards &Major StreetsSHORELINESMAJOR LAKES ACESBuilt-up AreasBOUNDARIESInternationalState andProvincialSPOT ELEVATIONSPosition Accurate32
33VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRPORTSLANDPLANEAIRSPACE INFORMATIONCLASS B AIRSPACENo distinction ismade between airports with servicesand those withoutservices. Runwaysmay be exaggeratedto clearly portray thepattern. Hard-surfaced runways whichare closed but stillexist are included inthe charted pattern.FAR 91 - Fixed wingspecial VFR operations prohibited.Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.(Mode C seeFAR 91.215 /AIM)All mileages arenautical (NM).All radialsare magnetic.(Pvt) - Non-public usehaving emergency orlandmark value.VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTSRADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATIONVHFOMNI-DIRECTIONALRADIO RANGE (VOR)VORCLASS C AIRSPACEAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.(Mode C seeFAR (NDB)NDB-DMENAVAIDS USED TODEFINE CLASS BAIRSPACECLASS D AIRSPACE
VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRSPACE INFORMATIONCLASS E SURFACE(SFC) AIRSPACEAIRSPACE INFORMATIONSUGGESTED VFRFLYWAY ANDALTITUDESPECIAL AIRSPACEAREASIFR ROUTESAppropriate notesas required maybe shown.FLIGHT RESTRICTEDZONE RELATING TONATIONAL SECURITYArrivalExample:Washington DCDepartureTRANSITION ROUTESAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown.Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.Uni-directionalAIR DEFENSEIDENTIFICATIONZONE (ADIZ)Bi-directionalNote. Delimiting linenot shown when itcoincides with International Boundary,projection lines orother linear features.SPECIAL USEAIRSPACEOnly the airspaceeffective below18,000 feet MSL isshown.TEMPORARY FLIGHTRESTRICTION (TFR)RELATING TONATIONAL SECURITYExample:MILITARY TRAININGROUTES (MTR)Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.CAUTIONP-40 AND R-4009 EXPANDED BYTEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRICTION.CONTACT AFSS FOR LATEST STATUSAND NOTAMS.VFR TRANSITION ROUTEATC CLEARANCE REQUIREDSEE SHOWBOAT GRAPHICON SIDE PANEL34
35VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical InformationAIRSPACE INFORMATIONSPECIAL AIRTRAFFIC RULES /AIRPORT TRAFFICAREAS(FAR Part 93)NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATIONVFR CHECKPOINTSAppropriate boxednote as requiredshown adjacent toarea
Symbols shown are for World Aeronautical Charts (WACs), Sectional Aeronautical Charts (Sectionals), Terminal Area Charts (TACs), VFR Flyway Planning Charts and Helicopter Route Charts. When a symbol is different on any VFR chart series, it will be annotated as such (e.g. WAC or Not shown on WAC).
VFR Country Chart Type Chart Title Effective Date Austria VFR Austria / Österreich Aeronautical Chart VISUAL 500 2022-Mar-24 Benelux VFR Benelux Aeronautical Chart VISUAL 500 2022-Jun-16 Croatia VFR Croatia / Kroatien / Rep.Hrvatska - North Aeronautical Chart VISUAL 500 2022-Jul-14
VFR FLIGHT OK, VFR AS OPPOSED TO WHAT? VFR as opposed to "IFR". This is one time that aviation does get simple. When you go up in an airplane, there's . Take a look at this chart, it shows the what and where of VFR flight. Notice that the vast majority of U.S. airspace is Class "E", and that it is wide open for VFR operations.
When a symbol is different on any VFR chart series, it will be annotated thus: WAC or Not shown on WAC. VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 10 AIRPORTS LANDPLANE: CIVIL . VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information 24 FLUMES, PENSTOCKS AND SIMILAR FEATURES Elevated Underground FALLS Double-Line Single-Line RAPIDS Double-Line
When a symbol is different on any VFR chart series, it will be annotated thus: WAC or Not shown on WAC. 9 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRPORTS LANDPLANE-MILITARY . VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information 22 FLUMES, PENSTOCKS AND SIMILAR FEATURES Elevated Underground FALLS Double-Line Single-Line RAPIDS Double-Line
USE OF VFR 'MOVING MAP' DEVICES In this leaflet 'VFR Moving Map' means either a device, or software for use on a device, which may be used for the planning and/or execution of a VFR flight. The key feature is that it displays the aircraft's position in real time on a map format that includes relevant aeronautical information for VFR .
USE OF VFR 'MOVING MAP' DEVICES In this leaflet 'VFR Moving Map' means either a device, or software for use on a device, which may be used for the planning and/or execution of a VFR flight. The key feature is that it displays the aircraft's position in real time on a map format that includes relevant aeronautical information for VFR .
TERMINAL RADAR SERVICE AREA (TRSA) Appropriate notes as required may be shown. NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION VFR CHECK POINTS VFR WAYPOINTS Stand-Alone Colocated with VFR Check Point AIRSPACE INFORMATION OBSTRUCTIONS MAXIMUM ELEVATION FIGURE (MEF) NAVIGATION DATA WARNING, CAUTION NOTES NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION
pile resistances or pile resistances calculated from profiles of test results into characteristic resistances. Pile load capacity – calculation methods 85 Case (c) is referred to as the alternative procedure in the Note to EN 1997-1 §7.6.2.3(8), even though it is the most common method in some countries. Characteristic pile resistance from profiles of ground test results Part 2 of EN 1997 .
