Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse - EPA Archives
Interstate Chemicals ClearinghouseAlternatives Assessment GuideVersion 1.01 P a g e 2013December
November 2013Disclaimer:This document was partially funded by a grant from the United States EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) to the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). Underthe auspices of the Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse (IC2), Alex Stone of Ecology led theTechnical Alternative Assessment Guide Team in drafting the guide and its componentmodules.Technical Alternative Assessment Guide Team (Team):The IC2 and Team lead thank those who participated in the development of this guide asmembers of the Team, as technical advisors, and as stakeholder, technical writing, andinternet support. Contributors included:Team Lead: Alex Stone, Washington State Department of EcologyMembers: Chris Affeldt, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Laura Babcock, Minnesota Technical Assistance Program Bob Boughton, California Department of Toxic Substances Control Dan Cain, Oregon Department of Health Pam Eliason, Toxic Use Reduction Institute Gary Ginsburg, Connecticut Department of Health Pam Hadad Hurst, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Brenda Hoppe, Oregon Department of Health Al Innes, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency Kevin Masterson, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Nancy Ostrom, California Department of Toxic Substances Control Nancy Rice, Minnesota Department of Health Brian Toal, Connecticut Department of Health Don Ward, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Adam Wienert, Interstate Chemicals ClearinghouseTechnical Advisors: Cal Baier-Anderson, Environmental Protection Agency Libby Sommer, Environmental Protection Agency Lauren Heine, Clean Production ActionStakeholder and Technical Support: Linda Glaser, stakeholder coordinator, Washington State Department of Ecology Joan Morris, internet support, Washington Department of Ecologyi Page
Cathy Bouge, technical writing review, Washington State Department of EcologyRobert Kerr, stakeholder and comment response support, Pure StrategiesRoian Atwood, stakeholder and comment response support, Pure StrategiesCheri Peele, technical writing and comment response support, The Peele GroupThe Team members worked collaboratively and reached consensus on the contents andapproaches represented in the Guide. Specific views expressed in this document do notnecessarily reflect those of all Team members, United States EPA, technical advisors,stakeholder and technical writing support, or IC2’s members and supporting members orthe agencies or companies for whom they work. Participation on the Team does notnecessarily imply endorsement of the completed document or its usage. Mention of anycompany, process, or product names should not be considered an endorsement by any ofthe participants.The IC2 welcomes users of this guide to cite and reproduce sections for use in their workon alternatives assessment. However, we request that users cite the document wheneverreproducing or quoting so that appropriate citation is given to the original authors, the IC2and participating Team members. The partners appreciate your cooperation with thisrequest. Please cite as follows:Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse Alternatives Assessment Guide, Interstate ChemicalsClearinghouse, November 2013, version 1.0, 176 pages.Acknowledgements:The Team would like to thank the following for their contributions in completing thisdocument: The U.S. EPA National Estuary Program for providing seed funding. The U.S. EPA Design for the Environment Program and its staff for providingtechnical support. The IC2 and its staff for sponsoring, providing support, and hosting the document. Stakeholders who provided comment during the development process. Dr. Lauren Heine of Clean Production Action for providing technical guidance. Ecology staff and contractors that provided stakeholder, writing, and internetsupport. Management and agencies of all the Team members for supporting staffinvolvement.ii
Table of ContentsOverview . 1Purpose and Background . 1IC2 Alternatives Assessment Guide Development . 2The Golden Rule and Principles . 3Identifying Chemicals of Concern . 4Responsible Parties . 5How to Implement the Guide . 5Recommended Implementation of the Guide . 5Alternatives Assessment Examples and Approaches . 14Initial Evaluation . 17Process . 17Tools . 22Stakeholder Involvement Module . 23Stakeholder Involvement Screen . 25Stakeholder Involvement Levels . 27Appendix A: U.S. EPA Design for the Environment Program Stakeholder Engagement . 31Appendix B: Benefit Corporations and Stakeholder Engagement. 33Frameworks Module . 34Decisions Inherent within Modules . 35Decision Criteria and Trade-offs . 36Sequential Framework . 41Simultaneous Framework . 44Hybrid Framework . 46Appendix A: Decision Methods . 48Appendix B: Initial Screen . 54References . 55Identification of Alternatives . 56Identification of Alternatives Process . 56Identification of Alternatives Initial Screen . 58Hazard Module . 59Hazard Module Levels . 59Introduction . 60Background . 61Data Sources . 68Summary of Levels 1-3 . 69iii P a g e
Initial Screen: List Translator. 70Expertise Required for the Initial Screen . 71Level 1: Quick Chemical Assessment Tool (QCAT) . 72Level 2: GreenScreen for Safer Chemicals . 73Level 3: GreenScreen Plus . 75Performance Evaluation Module . 77Performance Evaluation Levels. 78Level 1: Basic Performance Evaluation . 78Level 2: Extended Performance Evaluation . 80Level 3: Detailed Performance Evaluation . 82Appendix: Excerpt from ECHA Guidance . 83Cost and Availability Module . 86Purpose . 86Impacts Associated with Life Cycle Costing . 88Level 1: Basic Cost and Availability Evaluation . 90Level 2: Extended Cost and Availability Evaluation . 90Level 3: Chemical and Material Cost and Availability Evaluation . 93Level 4: Chemical, Material, and Re-design Cost and Availability Evaluation . 95Advanced: Cost/Benefit Analysis Evaluation . 98Exposure Assessment Module . 99Initial Screen . 101Level 1: Basic Exposure Evaluation . 103Level 2: Expanded Exposure Evaluation . 105Level 3: Detailed Exposure Evaluation . 109Advanced: Full Exposure Assessment . 113Resources . 113Appendix: Examples of Exposure Pathways . 114Materials Management Module .115Level 1: Basic Materials Management Evaluation . 119Level 2: Extended Materials Management Evaluation . 121Advanced Materials Management Option . 124Appendix: Material Flow Analysis . 124Social Impact Module .127Level 1: Basic Social Impact Evaluation. 130Level 2: Extended Social Impact Evaluation . 132Level 3: Detailed Social Impact Evaluation . 134Advanced: Full Social Life Cycle Assessment Evaluation . 136Resources . 137iv
Life Cycle Module .138Life Cycle Thinking and Life Cycle Assessment . 139Applying the Life Cycle Module . 143Preliminary Steps . 144Level 1: Basic Life Cycle Evaluation . 148Level 2: Extended Life Cycle Evaluation . 149Level 3: Detailed Life Cycle Evaluation . 150Appendix: Life Cycle Assessment . 150Life Cycle Resources and Networks . 158Glossary.160v Page
Figures1: Five AA Steps . 102: Sequential Framework . 113: Simultaneous Framework . 124: Hybrid Framework . 135: Decision Logic for Deciding to Phase-out a Product Containing a Chemical of Concern . 186: Unintentionally Added Chemicals. 207: Intentionally Added Chemicals . 228: Hub and Spoke Stakeholder Diagram . 259: Implementation of the Sequential Framework . 3810: Implementation of the Simultaneous Framework . 3911: Implementation of the Hybrid Framework. 4012: Minimum Recommendations for the Sequential Framework . 4313: Simultaneous Framework . 4514: Hybrid Framework . 4715: Consideration of Life Cycle Costs . 8716: Mapping of Material Flows . 11617: Examples of a Social Life Cycle Inventory . 13718: The Scope of Life Cycle Thinking . 13919. Life Cycle Assessment Stages and Inputs/Outputs . 14120: Applying Life Cycle to Environmentally, Socially, and Cost Relevant Unit Processes . 14221: Flow Diagram of a Hypothetical Bar Soap System. 14622: Life Cycle Impact Assessment . 151Tables1: Stakeholder Levels . 242: Frameworks . 353: Initial Screen and Three Levels within a Hazard Module . 594: U.S. EPA Design for the Environment Hazard Traits . 635: Hazard Traits Evaluated for Levels 1-3. 696: Data Sources Used for Levels 1-3 . 707: Grouping of Alternatives . 758: Performance Levels. 779: Four Levels and Advanced Review within a Cost and Availability Assessment . 8910: Four Levels and an Initial Screen within an Exposure Assessment . 10011: Two Levels and an Advanced Option with the Materials Management Module . 11812: Worker Considerations Across the Product Life Cycle . 12713: Community Considerations Across the Product Life Cycle . 12814: Global Societal Considerations Across the Product Life Cycle . 12915: Three Levels and an Advanced Option with the Social Impact Module . 12916: Life Cycle Thinking Evaluation Levels . 143vi
-Cat. 1EPA - CEPA PBTEPA TRIESISEUEU PBTFG&LGHSGHS – JGHS – KGHS – NZGuideHIARCIrEIrSIUCLIDLMM/GMFANNTPAcute Aquatic toxicityAlternatives AssessmentAssociation of Occupational and Envi
Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse Alternatives Assessment Guide, Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse, November 2013, strong version /strong 1.0, 176 pages. Acknowledgements: The Team would like to thank the following for their contributions in completing this document: The U.S. EPA National Estuary Program for
Rapid Flow, Titration, Turbidimetry, Ultraviolet- Visible Spectroscopy (UV/VIS) Parameter/Analyte Water pH EPA 150.1 Turbidity EPA 180.1 Calcium EPA 200.7 Iron EPA 200.7 Magnesium EPA 200.7 Potassium EPA 200.7 Silica, Total EPA 200.7 Sodium EPA 200.7 Aluminum EPA 200.8 Antimony EPA 200.8 Arsenic EPA 200.8 .
EPA Test Method 1: EPA Test Method 2 EPA Test Method 3A. EPA Test Method 4 . Method 3A Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide . EPA Test Method 3A. Method 6C SO. 2. EPA Test Method 6C . Method 7E NOx . EPA Test Method 7E. Method 10 CO . EPA Test Method 10 . Method 25A Hydrocarbons (THC) EPA Test Method 25A. Method 30B Mercury (sorbent trap) EPA Test Method .
On the Background Screening Clearinghouse Program - AHCA - Access Page you will see your approval status. If you are approved please select the Background Screening Clearinghouse link to access the Clearinghouse results website. If you have requested and been granted access to the Clearinghouse results website on behalf of multiple
Background Screening Clearinghouse - Vocational Rehabilitation. On the Background Screening Clearinghouse Program - Vocational Rehabilitation - Access Page you will see your approval status. If you are approved please select the Background Screening Clearinghouse link to access the Clearinghouse results website.
On the Portal Landing select Background Screening Clearinghouse - Department of Elder Affairs. On the Background Screening Clearinghouse Program - Department of Elder Affairs - Access Page you will see your approval status. If you are approved please select the Background Screening Clearinghouse link to access the Clearinghouse results .
vii References The following resources were used in producing this manual: EPA: Package Treatment Plants MO-12, EPA 430/9-77-005, April 1977 EPA: Summary Report: The Causes and Control of Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming, EPA 625/8-87/012, July 1987 EPA: Manual: Nitrogen Control, EPA 625/R-93/010, September 1993 EPA: Handbook: Retrofitting POTWs, EPA 625/6-89/020, July 1989
EPA Method 7E –NO, NO 2, NOx Yes EPA Method 8 –SO 2, SO 3 Yes EPA Method 10 –CO Yes EPA Method 11 –H 2 S ( 50 ppm Yes EPA Method 16 –TRS Yes, including mercaptans and other reduced sulphurs EPA Method 18 –VOC’s Yes EPA Method 26 –HCl, HF Yes EPA CTM 027 –NH 3 Yes. ADVANTAGES OF FTIR
Automotive battery: module components Casing: Metal casing provides mechanical support to the cells and holds them under slight compression for best performance Clamping frame: Steel clamping frames secure the modules to the battery case Temperature sensors: Sensors in the modules monitor the cell temperatures to allow the battery management system to control cooling and power delivery within .
