Unit 12: Adult And Juvenile Justice

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Unit 12:Adult andJuvenile JusticeSS8CG4, SS8CG6Griffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

THE BIG IDEA SS8CG4: The student will analyze therole of the judicial branch in Georgiastate government. Analyze: to divide a complex idea into parts orelements- dissect, break downGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Adult Justice SystemSS8CG4c SS8CG4c: Describe the adult justicesystem, emphasizing the differentjurisdictions, terminology, and stepsin the criminal justice system. Describe: to represent or give an account ofin words; recount, reportGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

The Adult Justice SystemSS8CG4c The adult justice system dealswith adults (at least 17 yrs. old)Divided into civil law andcriminal lawWith criminal law, offenses areclassified as felonies ormisdemeanorsThe person accused is called thedefendant and either goesbefore a jury (serious case) or ajudge (less serious)Griffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Felony vs. MisdemeanorSS8CG4c Felony Serious crimes like arson, murder,rape, or grand theftMinimum sentence of 1 yearCapital Crimes- felonies that arepunishable by death Murder, kidnapping w/ bodily injury,aircraft hijacking, treasonMisdemeanors Less serious crimes like assault andbattery, cruelty to animals, shoplifting, trespassingPunishable with smaller amounts ofprison and/or fineGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Adult JusticeSS8CG4c Steps in the AdultJustice Process1-Pretrial Steps: 1a. Arrest 1b. Booking Make record of arrest, put in holding cell1c. Initial Appearance Person is detained and read their Miranda rightsEnsure due process, set bail, charges explained1d. Preliminary Hearing Judge determines if there is probable cause to believe acrime was committedGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Adult JusticeSS8CG4c Step 1: Pretrial continued 1e. Grand jury indictment 1f. Arraignment before superior court judge Group of citizens (jury) decides whether there is enoughevidence to charge the suspect with the crime. If so, theyhand down an IndictmentIndictment-formal accusation of a crimeSuspect enters a plea of guilty/not guilty.If guilty plea: go straight to sentencing phase.1g. Possible plea bargaining Person may agree to plead guilty to a lessercrime. This is a process of negotiation.Griffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Adult JusticeSS8CG4c Steps in Adult Justice Process2-Trial 2a. Jury selection 2b. Opening statements 2c. Presentation ofevidence/cross examinewitnesses 2d. Closing statements 2e. Jury deliberation andverdict 2f. SentencingGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Steps in the Adult Justice SystemSS8CG4a 3-Appellate procedures If defendant maintains his/her innocence or ifthe court made a mistake an appellate courtreviews the case.If court of appeals overturns the ruling it goesback to the superior court for a new trial.GA has 2 appellate courts:Supreme Court Court of Appeals Griffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Griffith-GA Studies-2010

Settling DisputesSS8CG4d SS8CG4d: Describe ways to avoidtrouble and settle disputespeacefully. Describe: to represent or give an account ofin words; recount, reportGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Settling Disputes SS8CG4d G.S.Rather than using the courts to settledisputes, there are several ways tosettle disputes peacefully. Settling disputes peacefully Mediation- 3rd party meets with twoopposing sides (Example: in Peermediation one student helps classmatesresolve their problems)Arbitration- 3rd party makes decision andboth accept itCompromise- both sides give a little bit upfor a solutionNegotiation- back and forth trying tosettle itCollaboration- working to find commongroundNonviolent disobedience- seekingattention to get change in a nonviolentprotesting wayGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Nonviolent DisobedienceSS8CG4d Nonviolentdisobedience bringsattention to an idea andsometimes brings about changeGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Judicial Branch In GASS8CG4e SS8CG4e: Evaluate how the judicialbranch fulfills its role in interpretingthe laws of Georgia and ensuringjustice in our legal system. Evaluate: to make a value as to the worth orvalue of something; judge, assessGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

How does the judicialsystem of GA fulfill its role?SS8CG4e Interpreting laws The courts of the land judge theconstitutionality of a law and whether or not aperson has broken the lawEnsuring justice When a person is arrested for breaking a law,the judicial system ensures that punishment iscarried outGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Summary Discussion (CG4) Can you answer the Essential Questionnow? (CG4) Rule of Law: How might conflicts be peacefully resolved?Griffith-Georgia Studies-Unit 4

Judicial Branch in GA In your interactivenotebook: Write a couple ofparagraphs thatanalyze the role ofthe judicial branchin GeorgiaGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

THE BIG IDEA SS8CG6: The student will explainhow the Georgia court system treatsjuvenile offenders. Explain: to make understandable, to spellout; illustrate, interpretGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile Justice In GASS8CG6a SS8CG6a: Explain the differencebetween delinquent behavior andunruly behavior and theconsequences of each. Explain: to make understandable, to spell out-illustrate, interpretGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Reasons for Juvenile JusticeSystem SS8CG6a Juvenile courts werecreated because Children are not alwaysfully responsible for theiractionsJuveniles may need to beprotectedJuveniles should not bejudged/sentenced likeadultsGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile JusticeSS8CG6a Status Offense- an offensethat would not be a crime ifcommitted by an adultThe child is then called astatus offenderExamples Child refuses to go to schoolFrequently disobeying parentsRunning away from homeRoaming streets 12AM-5AMGoing to a bar withoutparentsCaught with alcohol in handGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile JusticeSS8CG6a Delinquent Behaviorcommitting a crime (itwould be a crime evenif adult did it)The child is then calleda delinquent juvenileExamples: robbery, vandalism,DUI, drug offensesGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile RightsSS8CG6b SS8CG6b: Describe the rights ofjuveniles when taken into custody. Describe: to represent or give an account ofin words; recount, reportGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile RightsSS8CG6b Just as adults have rights, students haverights Freedom from self-incriminationRight to an attorneyRight to be notified of chargesRight to cross examine witnessesBut in addition children have morerights Griffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile RightsSS8CG6b Rights of juveniles when taken intocustody Right to a private trialRight to have a parent present in all hearingsDifferent terminologyMore a spirit of rehabilitation than punishmentGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile JusticeSS8CG6c SS8CG6c: Describe the juvenilejustice system, emphasizing thedifferent jurisdictions, terminology,and steps in the juvenile justiceprocess. Describe: to represent or give an account ofin words; recount, reportGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile Justice JurisdictionsSS8CG6cJurisdictions The juvenile justice systemhas jurisdiction overchildrenGA law- A child is anyoneless than 17 yrs. oldIf an 18 yr. old is deprivedthey are treated as ajuvenileInformal adjustment- aperiod of time during whicha child is under the carefuloversight of the juvenilecourtGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Juvenile Justice StepsSS8CG6c G.S.Steps in the Juvenile Justice Process 1-Intake 2-Detention Hearing A juvenile court judge decides whether to release or hold thechild in a YDC3-Adjudicatory Hearing Student is placed “in custody” and an intake officer thendecides what to do with the child’s caseLike a trial, this is a hearing to determine whether thestudent is guilty or not guilty4-Dispositional Hearing Similar to sentencing in adult court Could be probation, YDC, transfer to superior court etc.Griffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

7 Deadly SinsSS8CG6d SS8CG6d: Explain the seven delinquentbehaviors that can subject juvenileoffenders to the adult criminal process,how the decision to transfer to adultcourt is made, and the possibleconsequences. Explain: to make understandable, to spell out illustrate, interpretGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

7 Deadly SinsSS8CG6d 7 deadly sins- There are seven delinquentbehaviors for which a child (13 or older) can betried as an adult Murder-premeditated killingVoluntary manslaughter-killing someone by a suddenviolent passionArmed robbery (with a firearm)Rape*Aggravated sexual battery*Aggravated child molestation*Aggravated sodomy**forced sexual acts committed without consent on unwilling orunderage victimsGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

7 Deadly SinsSS8CG6d If you are accused of one of these crimesyour case is transferred to a superiorcourt. Superior court decides whether to send thecase back to juvenile court (not likely)Possible consequences are much likeadults, and could be as bad as life inprison No death penalty for childrenGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Summary Discussion (CG6) Can you answer the Essential Questionnow? (CG6) Rule of Law:How does the juvenile process differ from theadult process? How do the rights of juveniles differ from those ofadults? What are the seven offenses for which a juvenilemay be tried as an adult? Griffith-Georgia Studies-Unit 4

Juvenile JusticeSS8CG6 In your interactivenotebook: Write a couple ofparagraphs thatexplain how theGeorgia courtsystem treatsjuvenile offendersGriffith-GA Studies-Unit 12

Griffith-GA Studies-Unit 12 Juvenile Justice Jurisdictions SS8CG6c Jurisdictions The juvenile justice system has jurisdiction over children GA law- A child is anyone less than 17 yrs. old If an 18 yr. old is deprived they are treated as a juvenile Informal adjustment- a

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