SOUTH DAKOTA STATEWIDE FISHERIES SURVEY
SOUTH DAKOTA STATEWIDE FISHERIES SURVEYEast Oakwood, Brookings County2102-F-21-R-482015Access AreaAccess AreaFigure 1. East Oakwood Lake, Brookings CountyLegal Description: T111N- R51W-Sec. 4-5, 8-9, 16-17Location from nearest town: 3 miles west of Bruce, SDSurface Area: 933 acresMeandered (Y/N): yesOHWM elevation: 1626.9Outlet elevation: 1626.4Max. depth at outlet elevation: 8.6 feetObserved water level: 1 ft lowContour map available (Y/N): yesWatershed area: 50,999 acresShoreline length: 10.7 milesDate set: October, 1981Date set: October, 1981Mean depth at outlet elevation: 5.8 feetLake volume: 5,000 acre feetDate mapped: 2011DENR beneficial use classifications: (5) warmwater semipermanent fish propagation,(7) immersion recreation, (8) limited-contact recreation and (9) fish and wildlifepropagation and stock watering.
IntroductionGeneralThe Oakwood Lakes complex derived its name from the numerous oak trees foundin the area. East Oakwood Lake was originally named Oakwood Lake while WestOakwood was originally known as Lake Tetonkaha. East Oakwood is a natural glaciallake with an outlet that flows into the Big Sioux River.Ownership of Lake and Adjacent Lakeshore PropertiesEast Oakwood Lake is listed as meandered public water in the State of SouthDakota Listing of Meandered Lakes. Game, Fish, and Parks (GFP) owns the majority ofthe lake basin as a Game Production Area and manages the fishery. The remainder ofthe shoreline is privately owned.Fishing AccessThe East Oakwood Lake Access Area, located on the northwest side of the lake,contains a concrete plank boat ramp, boat dock, gravel parking area, and concrete vaulttoilet (Figure 1). The North Access area has an old, narrow-plank concrete boat rampand limited, primitive parking. Shore fishing access is available on the public landadjacent to the lake and along the county road grade on the south end.Water Quality and Aquatic VegetationAs a shallow, natural lake, water clarity can vary considerably from year to year(Table 1). Generally, the abundance of submerged aquatic vegetation is highest inyears when water clarity is also highest. Sago pondweed is predominant speciespresent.Table 1. Water temperature, Secchi depth and observations/comments on water qualityand aquatic vegetation in East Oakwood Lake, Brookings County, 2006-2015.Year201520142012201020082006WaterTempoC (oF)27 (81)26 (78)-- (--)26 (79)-- (--)26 (79)SecchiDepthcm (in)56 (22)79 (31)23 (9)100 (39)-- (--)18 (7)Observations/Comments(algae, aquatic vegetation, water quality, etc.)Sago pondweedSago pondweedNo observations were recordedSago pondweedNo aquatic vegetationNo aquatic vegetation
Fish CommunityEast Oakwood contains the typical species found in many shallow eastern SouthDakota Lakes. However, it also has the only population of tadpole madtoms found in theregion (Table 2).Table 2. Fish species commonly found East Oakwood Lake, Brookings County.Game SpeciesOther SpeciesWalleyeCommon CarpYellow PerchWhite SuckerBlack BullheadBigmouth BuffaloGreen SunfishTadpole MadtomNorthern PikeOrange-spotted SunfishFish ManagementShallow water, high turbidity, excessive rough fish populations and frequent fish kills(Table 3) make it difficult to maintain consistent fishing opportunity in East Oakwood.The lake is currently managed for the primary purpose of rearing walleyes and yellowperch for restocking in other waters and the secondary purpose of providing fishingopportunity.Table 3. Fish kill history for East Oakwood Lake, Brookings Lightwinterkill – most species sampled alive2001Severewinterkill – 1000’s dead fish – a few live fish sampled1997Severewinterkill – mostly carp – some of all species sampled alive1993Severewinterkill – live specimens of all species sampledTable 4. Stocking history for East Oakwood Lake, Brookings County, 750WalleyeFry
MethodsEast Oakwood Lake was sampled on July 13-14, 2015 with 3 overnight gill nets Thegill nets are 45.7 m long x 1.8 m deep (150 ft long x 6 ft deep) with one 7.6 m (25 ft)panel each of 13, 19, 25, 32, 38 and 51-mm-bar-mesh (½, ¾, 1, 1¼, 1½, and 2 in)monofilament netting.Results and DiscussionNet Catch ResultsWalleye CPUE was 48.3 and made up almost 74% of the fish sampled in the gillnets (Table 5). Yellow perch numbers continue to decline while northern pikeabundance has increased (Table 7).Yellow perch and walleye were the most abundant species sampled by the gill netsthis year (Table 5) and only a few fish of each species were smaller than stock length(Table 6).Table 5. Total catch from three overnight gill nets set in East Oakwood Lake, BrookingsCounty, July 13-14, 2015.80%MeanMeanSpecies#%CPUE1 C.I. CPUE* PSD RSD-PWrWalleye14573.648.3 14.161.725086White Sucker2211.27.3 1.17.17355-Yellow perch157.65.0 1.575.57320107Northern Pike126.14.0 2.62.9924287Common carp21.00.7 0.93.1---Bigmouth Buffalo10.50.3 0.41.3---*10 years (2006-2015)Table 6. CPUE by length category for selected species sampled with gill nets in EastOakwood Lake, Brookings County, July 13-14, 2015.All80%SpeciesSubstock StockS-QQ-PP sizesC.I.Walleye1.047.335.711.7-48.3 14.1White Sucker-7.32.01.34.07.3 1.1Yellow perch-5.01.32.71.05.0 1.5Northern Pike-4.00.32.01.74.0 2.6Common carp-0.7--0.70.7 0.9Bigmouth Buffalo-0.3-0.3-0.3 0.4Length categories can be found in Appendix A.1See Appendix A for definitions of CPUE, PSD, RSD, RSD-P and mean Wr.
Table 7. Gill-net (GN) and trap-net (TN) CPUE for selected fish species sampled in EastOakwood Lake, Brookings County, nCarpGreenSunfishNorthernPikeO. 3.05.0
WalleyeManagement Objectives raise walleyes for stocking other South Dakota waters provide occasional walleye fishing opportunityManagement Strategies stock walleye fry at the rate of 1,000/acre (933,000) as needed to achieve themanagement objectiveWalleye gill-net CPUE increased substantially in 2015 (Table 8). Several yearclasses were present and there were good numbers of fish over 38 cm (15 in) (Figure 3).For the first time in many years, walleye fishing was good, especially from April throughJune.Table 8. CPUE, PSD, RSD-P, and mean Wr for all walleyes sampled with gill nets inEast Oakwood Lake, Brookings County, 2006-2015. Stocked years are shaded.2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 -P120-010Mean Wr91--959386Table 9. Walleyes stocked into East Oakwood Lake, Brookings County, 2014453,750FrySubstock 25 cm (10 in)S-Q 25-38 cm (10-15 in)Q-P 38-51 cm (15-20 in)P 51 cm ( 20 in)1007550250201020112012201320142015Figure 2. CPUE by length category for walleye sampled with gill nets in EastOakwood Lake, Brookings County, 2010-2015.
2010150# fish: 281CPUE: 50# fish: 98CPUE: 32.740#30201001015202530354045505560657075502014# fish: 79CPUE: 25# fish: 145CPUE: ntimetersFigure 3. Length frequency histograms for walleye sampled with gill nets in EastOakwood, Brookings County, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2015.75
Yellow PerchManagement Objectives raise yellow perch for stocking other South Dakota waters provide occasional yellow perch fishing opportunityManagement Strategies stock adult or small fingerlings as needed and evaluateYellow perch numbers fell to a 10 year low in 2015 (Table 10). Adult yellow perchare present in the population, but very few grow to the preferred length (25 cm or 10 in)or larger (Figure 4). The decline in abundance is likely due to the lack of recruitmentsince 2012 and may be correlated to the increasing size structure of the walleyepopulation during the same period.Table 10. CPUE, PSD, RSD-P, and mean Wr for all yellow perch sampled with gill netsin East Oakwood Lake, 2006-2015. Stocked years are shaded.2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 05020Mean Wr94111108101107107Substock 13 cm (5 in)S-Q 13-20 cm (5-8 in)Q-P 20-25 cm (8-10 in)P 25 cm ( 10 in)225150750201020112012201320142015Figure 4. CPUE by length category for yellow perch sampled with gill nets in EastOakwood, Brookings County, 2010-2015.
4011002010# fish: 605CPUE: 201.7#755025051015202530352012100# fish: 213CPUE: 71.0#7550250510152025302014100# fish: 99CPUE: 33.075#3550250510152025302015100# fish: 15CPUE: 5.075#35502505101520253035Length-CentimetersFigure 5. Length frequency histograms for yellow perch sampled with gill nets in EastOakwood, Brookings County, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2015.
Figure 6. Contour map of East Oakwood Lake, Brookings County.
Appendix A. A brief explanation of catch per unit effort (CPUE), proportional stockdensity (PSD), relative stock density (RSD) and relative weight (Wr).Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) is the catch of animals in numbers or in weight taken by adefined period of effort. Can refer to trap-net nights of effort, gill net nights of effort,catch per hour of electrofishing, etc.Proportional Stock Density (PSD) is calculated by the following formula:PSD Number of fish quality length x 100Number of fish stock lengthRelative Stock Density (RSD-P) is calculated by the following formula:RSD-P Number of fish preferred length x 100Number of fish stock lengthPSD and RSD-P are unitless and usually calculated to the nearest whole digit.Size categories for selected species found in Region 3 lake surveys, in centimeters(Inches in TrophyWalleye25 (10)38 (15)51 (20)63 (25)76 (30)Yellow perch13 (5)20 (8)25 (10)30 (12)38 (15)Black crappie13 (5)20 (8)25(10)30 (12)38 (15)White crappie13 (5)20 (8)25(10)30 (12)38 (15)Bluegill8 (3)15 (6)20 (8)25 (10)30 (12)Largemouth bass20 (8)30 (12)38 (15)51 (20)63 (25)Smallmouth bass18 (7)28 (11)35(14)43 (17)51 (20)Northern pike35 (14)53 (21)71 (28)86 (34)112 (44)Channel catfish28 (11)41 (16)61 (24)71 (28)91 (36)Black bullhead15 (6)23 (9)30 (12)38 (15)46 (18)Common carp28 (11)41 (16)53 (21)66 (26)84 (33)Bigmouth buffalo28 (11)41 (16)53 (21)66 (26)84 (33)For most fish, 30-60 or 40-70 are typical objective ranges for “balanced” populations.Values less than the objective range indicate a population dominated by small fish whilevalues greater than the objective range indicate a population comprised mainly of largefish.Relative weight (Wr) is a condition index that quantifies fish condition (i.e., how muchdoes a fish weigh for its length). A Wr range of 90-100 is a typical objective for most fishspecies. When mean Wr values are well below 100 for a size group, problems may existin food and feeding relationships. When mean Wr values are well above 100 for a sizegroup, fish may not be making the best use of available prey.
Fishing Access The East Oakwood Lake Access Area, located on the northwest side of the lake, contains a concrete plank boat ramp, boat dock, gravel parking area, and concrete vault toilet (Figure 1). The North Access area has an old, narrow-plank concrete boat ramp and limited, primitive parking. Shore fishing
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