Concrete Pipe Use Manual
CONCRETE PIPEUSE MANUALPrepared ByThe Illinois Concrete Pipe Association
Table of ContentsSUBJECTPAGEI.Introduction1II.Storm Sewers & CulvertsIntroductionSpecificationsCircular Pipe (ASTM C14, C76, C655)Arch Pipe (ASTM C506)Elliptical Pipe (ASTM C507)Precast Concrete Box Sections (ASTM C1577)Burial TablesRound RCP for Storm Sewers and CulvertsElliptical RCP for Storm Sewers and CulvertsIII.IV.Sanitary SewersIntroductionRecommended Standard SpecificationPlant Testing - Leakage AllowanceField Testing - Leakage AllowedProtective Lining ProductsVI.23335677101011JointsIntroductionMortar JointsRubber Gasket Joints (ASTM C443, C1628)O-Ring Joints (ASTM C361)External Bands (ASTM C877)Butyl or Bitumen Rope (ASTM C990)V.2121212121213Manholes/Catch Basins and InletsManhole Specifications (ASTM C478, C923)Catch Basins and Inlets1415Flared End Sections/FittingsFlared End Sections - Round, Elliptical, Arch, BoxFittings - BendsFittings - TeesFittings - Manhole TeesFittings - WyesFittings - TransitionsFittings - Bulkheads16171819202122
Table of Contents (Continued)SUBJECTVII.TestingPlant Testing3-Edge Bearing Test (ASTM C497)Hydrostatic Test (ASTM C497)Field TestingInfiltration and Exfiltration Tests (ASTM C969)Joint Acceptance Testing of Installed Precast Concrete PipeSewer Lines (ASTM C1103)VIII.IX.X.XI.PAGE23232323Special ConsiderationsHydraulic CoefficientsIndustrial WastesHydrogen SulfideLoad Carrying CapacitySignificance of CrackingJacking242525252627Design AidsACPA Design Data SheetsDesign and Construction ManualsConcrete Pipe InformationComputer SoftwareInformational Videos2930303030List of StandardsASTM StandardsAASHTO StandardsStandard Specifications for Water & Sewer Main Construction in IllinoisIDOT Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction31313232Dimensions & WeightsReinforced Circular Concrete Pipe (English Units)Reinforced Circular Concrete Pipe-Large Sizes (English Units)Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Pipe (English Units)Reinforced Concrete Box Sections (English Units)33343536
CONCRETE PIPE USE MANUALINTRODUCTIONI. INTRODUCTIONConcrete pipe has been used successfully for sewers and culverts in Illinois for over a century. By its verynature, concrete pipe is an ideal drainage product that has the inherent advantage of hydraulic efficiency,structural versatility, local availability, proven durability, construction adaptability, and economic superiority.National specifications have been issued by the American Society for Testing and Materials, AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officials, American Society of Civil Engineers and the FederalGovernment for the purpose of ensuring uniform high quality products meeting specific physical requirements.Concrete pipe is the modern manufactured conduit material with the longest history of excellent service andwidest acceptance. New processes, concrete mixes, designs, and unique features are constantly being introducedto make it an even better engineered product for the future.The purpose of this Manual is to provide information on concrete products available, specification designations,and proper application in the sewer and culvert field. Although liability cannot be assumed, the technical datapresented here are considered reliable.1
CONCRETE PIPE USE MANUALSTORM SEWERS & CULVERTSII. STORM SEWERS & CULVERTSINTRODUCTIONStorm sewers carry rainwater, surface water, ground water, cooling water, or other similar flows to a point ofsafe discharge. They help protect much of the land we use for agriculture, industry, transportation, residences,and recreation.Concrete pipe, with its impressive record of strength and durability, is the most economical and reliable choiceof materials available today. Storm sewers require that pipe meet the strength requirements of any depth of filland live load, are hydraulically efficient, are non-combustible, and provide resistance to abrasion.Culverts provide for the free passage of surface drainage water under a highway, railroad, canal, or otherembankment. Proper culvert design prevents the hazards and concurrent expenses of washouts, erosion,flooding, and inundation of adjacent land.Concrete pipe has been used for culverts in Illinois since the 1800s and much of it is still serving reliably.Culverts must be strong to meet the embankment and traffic loads, durable, resistant to abrasion and combustion,and available in a variety of shapes.APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS AND RECOMMENDED USECIRCULAR PIPEASTM C14 Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe (Non-Reinforced)C14 pipe is currently not in general use in Illinois. If desired, it may be used for sizes 12 in. through 36in. diameter with the provision that C76 pipe of comparable strength also be specified. Joints providedfor most storm sewer construction employ cement mortar or mastic compound. For installations withinternal or external head condition, joints may be provided meeting the requirements of ASTM C443utilizing a rubber gasket.ASTM C76 Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer PipeC76 pipe is used for sizes 12 in. through 144 in. diameter and is available with bell and spigot or tongueand groove ends utilizing cement mortar or mastic compound joints. These joints are adequate for mostculvert and drainage installations. For the special condition of internal or external heads, joints may beprovided meeting the requirements of ASTM C443 or ASTM C361 utilizing a rubber gasket. ASTMC76 pipe is the most commonly used storm sewer pipe because of its excellent hydraulic capacity,resistance to abrasion and combustion, capabilities in meeting any variety of load conditions, andavailability with a number of related appurtenances.2
CONCRETE PIPE USE MANUALSTORM SEWERS & CULVERTSASTM C655 Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer PipeC655 pipe is used for sizes 12 in. through 144 in. diameter designed for a specific D-load strength.Joints provided for most culvert and drainage employ cement mortar or mastic compound. Theproperties of the pipe are similar to ASTM C76 pipe except that the pipe may be designed for a specificD-load strength and the design accepted on the basis of a statistical analysis of test specimens.SPECIAL SHAPE PIPE AND PRECAST CONCRETE BOXESASTM C506 Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer PipeC506 arch pipe is used for sizes 18 in. through 132 in. equivalent circular sizes and is available withtongue and groove cement mortar or mastic compound joint. This arch-shaped pipe is used for minimumcover situations or other conditions where vertical clearance problems are encountered. It offers thehydraulic advantage of greater capacity for the same depth flow than most other structures or equivalentwaterway area. Loads under similar cover conditions are similar to that of circular pipe with the samespan. If arch pipe is not available in a certain area, elliptical pipe may be substituted as an equivalent.ASTM C507 Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer PipeC507 horizontal elliptical pipe is used for sizes 18 in. through 144 in. equivalent circular sizes withtongue and groove cement mortar or mastic compound joint. The horizontal elliptical pipe is installedwith the major axis horizontal and is used for minimum cover situations or other conditions wherevertical clearance problems are encountered. It offers the hydraulic advantage of greater capacity for thesame depth of flow than most other structures of equivalent waterway area. Loads under similar coverconditions are similar to that of circular pipe with the same span.C507 vertical elliptical pipe is used for sizes 36 in. through 144 in. equivalent circular sizes with tongueand groove cement mortar or mastic compound joint. The vertical elliptical pipe is installed with themajor axis vertical and is used where minimum horizontal clearances are encountered or where unusualstrength characteristics are desired. Hydraulically, it provides higher flushing velocities under minimumflow conditions and carries equal flow at a greater depth than equivalent horizontal elliptical, arch, orcircular pipe. Loads under similar cover conditions are similar to that of circular pipe with the samespan. Special installation techniques are required for vertical elliptical pipe.ASTM C1577 Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and SewersC1577 box sections are used in sizes of span and rise from 3 ft. by 2 ft. to 12 ft. by 12 ft. Although notspecifically called out by ASTM C1577, 2 ft. by 2 ft. box sections are also locally available. The tablesprovide design requirements for boxes installed under earth, dead and HL-93 live load conditions, fordesign earth cover of 0 to 35 feet. Joints provided utilize tongue and groove type ends with cementmortar or mastic compound joints. Box sections are used where special hydraulic requirements andminimum cover are encountered. They offer the advantage of precast products over cast-in-placeconstruction through low installation costs and minimum inconvenience of weather and traffic delay.3
CONCRETE PIPE USE MANUALSTORM SEWERS & CULVERTSBox units may be used in parallel for multicell installations. Double-cell box sections are also available locally.The following tables are provided from the Illinois Department of Transportation’s “Standard Specifications forRoad and Bridge Construction”, April 1, 2016 edition. Please note that all applicable IDOT provisions must beadhered to when using these tables.4
CIRCULAR RCP FOR STORM SEWERS & PIPE CULVERTSSTRENGTH CLASS REQUIRED FOR THE RESPECTIVE DIAMETERS OF CIRCULARPIPE AND FILL HEIGHTS OVER THE TOP OF THE PIPE FOR STORM SEWERS& PIPE CULVERTSType 1Type 2Type 3Type 4Type 5Type 6Type 7NominalFillFill Height: Fill Height: Fill Height: Fill Height: Fill Height: Fill GreaterGreaterInches3’ and lessthan 3’than 10’than 15’than 20’than 25’than es: A number indicates the D-Load for the diameter and depth of fill and that a special design isrequired.Design assumptions: Water filled pipe, Type 2 bedding and Class C walls5
ELLIPTICAL RCP FOR STORM SEWERS & PIPE CULVERTSSTRENGTH CLASS REQUIRED FOR ELLIPTICAL REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPEOF THE RESPECTIVE EQUIVALENT ROUND SIZE OF PIPE AND FILL HEIGHTSOVER THE TOP OF THE 606672ReinforcedConcreteElliptical 919222429343843485358MinimumFillHeightType 1Fill Height:Notexceeding IHE-IIIHE-IIHE-IHE-IHE-IHE-IHE-IHE-IType 2Type 3Fill Height: Fill Height:Greater thanGreater3’ notthan 10’ 60HE-III1,470HE-III1,470Notes: A number indicates the D-Load for the diameter and depth of fill and that a special designis required.Design assumptions: Water filled pipe, Type 2 bedding and Class C walls6
CONCRETE PIPE USE MANUALSANITARY SEWERSIII. SANITARY SEWERSINTRODUCTIONSanitary sewers are conduits that carry liquid and water-carried wastes from homes, commercial facilities,industrial plants and institutions to a treatment plant for the express purpose of protecting our environment,safeguarding health, and improving our comforts and quality of life.Concrete pipe is the most widely used and accepted permanent product of all sanitary sewer materials. It makesup the greater portion of the sanitary sewer system in most major cities in the United States. Sanitary sewersrequire that pipe meet infiltration limits, meet the strength conditions of any depth of backfill and superimposedload, and provide resistance to the effects of sewage.RECOMMENDED STANDARD SPECIFICATION1.SCOPE1.1 - This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe intended to be used for the conveyance of wastewater.2.REFERENCED DOCUMENTS2.1 ASTM Standards:C76C361C443C655C822C969C11033.Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer PipeReinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure PipeJoints for Circular Concrete Sewer and Culvert Pipe, Using Rubber GasketsReinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer PipeDefinitions of Concrete Pipe and Related ProductsInfiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance TestingJoint Acceptance Testing of Installed Pre-cast Concrete Pipe Sewer LinesTERMINOLOGY3.1 Definitions - For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Definitions C822.4.MATERIALS4.1 Reinforced Concrete Pipe – Reinforced concrete pipe shall be manufactured in accordance withASTM C76 or ASTM C655. The manufacturer of the reinforced concrete pipe shall be on theIllinois Department of Transportation’s “List of Certified Plants.”4.2 Pipe Class – The class of pipe shall be as shown on the plans.7
CONCRETE PIPE USE MANUALSANITARY SEWERS4.3 Lift Holes – Lift holes shall not be permitted.4.4 Joints – Joints shall conform to ASTM C443 or C361.4.5 Gaskets – The gaskets shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’srecommendations. Prior to commencing installation, the contractor shall submit to the engineer:4.5.1 – Manufacturer’s literature on the type of gasket to be used.4.5.2 – Manufacturer’s literature on the type of lubricant to be used.4.5.3 – Manufacturer’s recommended installation procedures, including equalizationtechni
Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Pipe (English Units) 35 Reinforced Concrete Box Sections (English Units) 36 . CONCRETE PIPE USE MANUAL INTRODUCTION I. INTRODUCTION Concrete pipe has been used successfully for sewers and culverts in Illinois for over a century. By its very nature, concrete pipe is an ideal drainage product that has the inherent .
May 15, 2011 · Prior to 1970, this pipe was known as American concrete cylinder pipe or P-381. From 1970 to 1995, it was marketed as Concrete Cylinder Pipe or Pretensioned Concrete Cylinder Pipe (P-303). Since 1995, it has been marketed as Bar-Wrapped Pipe or “BWP”, Concrete Cylinder Pipe
Design.4 PE Pipe Systems PE Pipe Systems PE Pipe Systems PE Pipe Systems PE Pipe Systems PE Pipe Systems PE Pipe Systems design Pipe Dimensions Table 4.2 PE Pipe Dimensions AS/NZS 4130 Nominal Size DN SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17 SDR 13.6 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 7.4 Min. Wall Thickness (mm) Mean I.D. (mm) Min. Wall Thickness (mm) Mean I.D. (mm)
Road crossing with casing pipe Carbon Steel and FRP, carrier pipe pre-insulated Carbon Steel and FRP. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Carrier Pipe: Carbon Steel, FRP Size of Carrier Pipe: DN 1200mm CS pipe - DN 750mm FRP pipe (pre-insulated) Casing Pipe: FRP Size of Casing Pipe: FRP casing pipe I.D. 1520mm, FRP casing pipe size I.D.
1. CUT THE PIPE Cut the pipe using a pipe cutter, making a perpendicular cut and cleaning the pipe end from grease and pipe chips. Fit the plastic ring on the pipe and make sure the pipe is flushed with the upper edge of the ring. 2. PLACE THE RING OVER THE PIPE Insert the pipe into the ring until the pipe reaches the safety stop which exists
British Standard BS3897 Parts I, II and III Pipe Supports. 2. Definitions To help with the understanding of pipe supports, below are some definitions. (1) Pipe Clamp: A bolted pipe attachment which clamps around the pipe to connect the pipe to the remainder of a pipe hanger assembly. (2) 3 Bolt Pipe
20.11 Specifications For Trunk Main Work II-3 21.01 Definitions II-4 21.02 Vitrified Clay Pipe II-6 21.03 Cast Iron Pipe II-8 21.04 Cast Iron Soil Pipe II-9 21.05 Precast Reinforced Concrete Pipe II-11 21.06 Ductile Iron Pipe II-13 21.07 Joint Materials For Pipe II-16 21.08 Polymer Concrete Pipe II-17 .
706-07 Reinforced Concrete Pipe End Sections Precast Concrete Manufacturers Approved for QC/QA Production Materials Procedure 09-02 Precast Concrete 706-08 Polypropylene Pipe Pipe, Thermoplastic Polypropylene Pipe 706-09 Cured in Place Pipe (CIPP) Liner Cured in Place Pipe (CIPP) Liner Materials Procedure N
Alex Rider: Never say Die by Anthony Horowitz Below are the complete reviews, written by the Lovereading4kids members. George Hutton - Dormston Secondary School Alex Rider receives a suspicious email from who could be Jack Starbright who was kidnapped on his previous mission. However, whilst trying to locate Jack, he accidentally manages to get tangled up in another MI6 Mission which could put .
