Let’s Learn All About Geography!

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Let’s LearnAll About Geography!Activity Workbook for Pre K – 3rd GradeInside you will find fun activities to help you learn aboutmaps and geography. Keep an eye out for Sandy, theChinook Salmon, for fun facts and helpful hints along theway!Rivers and Lakes of OregonSandyThe Center for Geography Education in OregonPortland State UniversityPO Box 751 – GEOGPortland, Oregon, 972072015Website: http://www.pdx.edu/geography-education/Telephone Number: 503-725-5864

Table of ContentsWhat is Geography? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 1Important Geography Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 2Geography Words Used In This Booklet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pages 3-4Where do People Live? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 5Landmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 6Where in the World Am I? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 7Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 8Landforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pages 9-10Water, Water, Everywhere! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page11The World’s Oceans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 12Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 13Compass Rose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 14Distance and Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pages 15-16Reading a Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 17Let’s Go on a Scavenger Hunt! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 18Things to do Outside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 19What Places are Important to You? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 20What is Geography?Geography is the study of the Earth and everything on it. Somegeographers study how nature affects where—and how—people live,while others study the environment, including things like earthquakes,volcanoes, and how the landscape was formed. Many geographersalso create maps.Hi kids, my name is Sandy!I’m a Chinook Salmon: theofficial Oregon state fish. I’llbe your friendly guidethroughout the activities inthis book.1

Important Geography WordsGlobe: A globe shows all of planet Earth in a round formMap: A map is a flat drawing of a placeCompass: A compass shows direction – North (N), East (E), South(S), and West (W)Fish don’t need maps or compassesbecause we are born with an “internalcompass” which helps us get where weneed to go. Pretty cool, huh?Can you match the vocabulary word tothe correct image?2

Geography Words Used in this Booklet ILandform: Landforms are natural structures, such as mountains, hills,rivers, and canyons.Landmark: A landmark is an easily recognizable object that helps youto locate a specific place. Landmarks can be many things: a big tree,your favorite restaurant, or your school.Weather: Weather describes what is happening in the sky above us.Rain, sun, snow, and wind are all examples of weather. Some places onEarth see lots of changes in weather throughout the year, while othershave fairly constant weather conditions year-round.Climate: Climate describes the typical (or normal) temperature andweather conditions at a certain place throughout the year—forexample, cold in summer, or wet in winter.Direction: Direction indicates where something is located. “Left”,“right”, “up”, “down”, “in front of”, and “behind” are all direction wordsyou’re probably familiar with. A compass uses “North”, “East”, “South”,and “West” to show direction.Scale: Scale describes the size of things compared to one another. Forexample, a mountain is big and an ant hill is small, but they are bothkinds of hills.Flag: Flags are symbols of places, ideas, and organizations. Eachcountry in the world (and each state in the United States of America)has a flag that is unique to it. The American flag is red, white, and blue.You should referback to thesevocabulary wordswhile you’recompleting theactivities in this book.Flag of the United States of America3

Geography Words Used in this Booklet IIWater Body: A water body is any place that has water. Oceans, lakes,ponds, rivers, streams, creeks, marshes, lagoons, and swamps are allconsidered water bodies.Ocean: Oceans are big bodies of salt water that cover over 70% of ourEarth. There are five different oceans on Earth; the ocean off the Oregoncoast is called the Pacific Ocean.Lake: Lakes are salty or fresh bodies of water that are surrounded byland. Crater Lake in central Oregon is an example.Pond: Ponds are also bodies of water surrounded by land, but they arenot as deep or as big as lakes. You might have one in your backyard orneighborhood.River: Rivers are flowing bodies of water that usually run or flow intooceans or lakes. The Columbia River separates Oregon and Washingtonand runs into the Pacific Ocean.Let’s try filling in the blank spaces in this sentence with thefollowing new vocabulary words: compass, water body, direction,ocean, weather.“The other day I went to the . It was a huge. The was very nice andsunny, a perfect day for a picnic. After lunch I went on a hike.Thank goodness I had my with me, or Iwouldn’t have known which to go in!”4

Where do People Live?People live in all kinds of places. Some of these homes you might see in acity, others you might find in the countryside, on a mountain, or on thewater. Circle the one that looks the most like your home. Where mightyou find some of the other astleTreeHouseHouseBoatIf you could live inany of these homes,which would youpick? Draw a squarearound it!Tee-Pee5

LandmarksA landmark is an easily recognizable object that helps you to locate aspecific place. Let’s take a look at some different kinds of landmarks.Examples of landmarks include barns, streetlights, and schools.Some landmarks are very famous and can be recognized worldwide, like the EiffelTower in Paris, and the Seattle Space Needle. Other landmarks are things thatmight just be familiar to you or people in your neighborhood – like a big tree, oryour favorite park.Eiffel TowerSpaceNeedleWhat kind of landmarks are near your home? Draw two here!6

Where in the World Am I?Scale is used to describe the size of things compared to one another.Where you live can be compared to many different scales.HOUSE/HOMENEIGHBORHOOD or TOWNCITY or METRO AREAOREGONSTATECOUNTRYWORLDWhat is the name of your neighborhood or town? What is the closest city to you?What state is it in? What country is it in?7

FlagsFlags are used as symbols for different countries and states, and usuallyhave some significance for the places they represent. The United States ofAmerica has a flag with 50 stars; each star represents one of the 50 states.The 13 red and white stripes represent the original 13 colonies, whicheventually became the first states in America.State Flag of OregonUnited StatesFlagFun fact! Oregon is the only state in the USA that has anemblem on both sides of the state flag. The state seal andthe year that Oregon became a state are on the front, anda beaver (the official state animal) is on the back.Now, let’s design our own flags.What colors or symbols are important to you? Think of using things on yourflag that represent who you are and where you live.8

LandformsLet’s match the images of landforms to their definitions on the nextpage. If you’re having trouble remembering what a landform is, checkPage 3 for a hint.DESERTMOUNTAINISLANDVOLCANOFORESTBEACH9

Landforms ActivityDescription 1Description 2I am a type of mountain. I am filledwith hot red lava. Sometimessmoke comes out of my top, andoccasionally I erupt.I go way up into the sky fromthe ground. My top is oftencovered with snow, and peoplelike to ski or snowboard downme.Iam.aI am a .Description 3Description 4I am known for having many treesthat grow close together. I can beevergreen or tropical, and manypeople like to use me for funactivitieslikecamping,birdwatching, and hiking.Water meets land here. I amcovered in sand, and I can bea great place to look forseashells. You can also visit meto dip your toes into the water.I am a .I am a.Description 5Description 6I am very hot and dry, with lots ofrocks, sand, and spiky plants calledcacti. I don’t get very much rain.I have water surrounding me onall sides. I am often tropical. Ican be big like Australia, orsmall like Hawaii. I make a greatvacation spot.Iam.aI am an.I like the beach, but a volcano might be a little too hot forme! Which of these places would you most like to explore?10

Water, Water, Everywhere!Where might a frog live? Probably near a lake or a pond. What animalsshare the same bodies of water? Draw a line matching the water creatureto the body of water where it might live. Hint: some creatures might live inmore than one kind of water body.DolphinSea StarLobsterLakeDuckFrogOceanJelly FishBeaverPondWhaleCrabTropical FishRiverSalamander11

The World’s OceansOceans are home to millions of different plants and animals.Unfortunately, trash and other waste is often dumped into the ocean,which can pollute the water and hurt the plants and animals that livethere. Help make the ocean clean for Sandy and the other sea creatures.Circle all the trash you see.Remember to recycle your plastic, paper, andmetals, these can be reused and won’t end upin the oceans. Try to use reusable water bottlesand other non-disposable items, too.Help! There’s toomuch trash in here!12

WeatherIn Oregon, some days the weather is hot, some days it is cold, andsome days it is wet. Circle the word which best matches the kind ofweather described below.SUNWhen the sun is in the sky is itWARM or COLD?CLOUDSWhen there are lots of cloudscan you see the blue sky?YES or NO?RAINWhen there is rain coming fromthe clouds is it usuallyWET or DRY outside?SNOWWhen there is snow coming fromthe clouds is it usuallyCOLD or WARM outside?13

Compass RoseOne way to show direction is with a Compass. On a compass, there arefour main directions that we use: North, East, South, and West. Acompass with drawings in the center is called a compass rose.NTo the left are twoexamples of differentcompasses. Use the outlinebelow to color in a specialcompass rose of your own.NorthNWWest EEastSSouth14

Distance and DirectionsWe use directions to describe where things are in relation to each other,and we use distance to describe how far things are from each other.Below, the ball is moving around the table, and the word tells you whereit is in relation to the table.In Front ofBehindBelowAboveNearFarTo The Left ofTo The Right ofBetween15

Distance and Directions ActivityCircle or fill in the correct answers below.Is the ball on theLEFT or the RIGHTof the tree?Is the ballNEAR or FARfrom the tree?The ball is positionedthe tree.Is the ballABOVE or BELOWthe tree?Is the ball in theFRONT or the BACKof the tree?The ball is positionedthe tree.16

Reading a MapThis map of Washington Park in Portland shows you where all the parksattractions are located. The map key shows you what the differentsymbols on a map represent. Use the map and its key to answer thequestions below.PortlandCity CenterBurnside Rd.HolocaustMemorialTichner Dr.KEYaynWto.ingDrhrkasWClas&iwLeBus StopTennisCourtsFirst AidOne-Way RoadsWashington Parkand Zoo Railway Station3 Hoyt ArboretumParkingKingstonSacajawea StatueAmphitheater1International RoseTest GardenBlvd.2Train RoutePlaygroundPark Pl.Blvd.SherwoodRestroomPortlandJapaneseGardenRose Garden WayFairviewPoint of InterestParkingBlvd.FoodKingston Ave.ShopVista Ave. (23rd)grkinPaPicnic AreaChildren’s PlaygroundParkingArchery RangeVietnam Veteransof Oregon MemorialWorldForestryCenterMap isnot to scaleTriMet MAX Station4Washington Park andZoo Railway regon ZooATMExit 721.2.3.4.y. 26U.S. HwThere are lots of different things to do in Washington Park. What would youwant to see first? What other attractions is it located near?If you get hungry, where is a place where you can get food? What is itssymbol? What is it next to?On the map, trace the route you would take from the Portland Children’sMuseum to the Sacajawea Statue. Make sure to follow existing roads andtrails.Circle all the places on the map where you see a picnic area.17

Let’s Go on a Scavenger Hunt!Next time you are on a walk or in a car, bus, or train, look at yoursurroundings to see what is there. What do you usually see on your wayto school?BicyclesCloudsFarmAnimalsRoad SignsDogsRoad ConstructionMail BoxesRunnersTractorsWhen I’m traveling around, I usually see lots ofother fish friends and big rocks on the riverbottom. I’m always looking for tasty bugs tosnack on, too!What did you see on your way to school that is not on this page?Draw it here.18

Things to do OutsideBeing outside lets you explore the environment, and exploring theenvironment makes you a geographer! There are many fun activities youcan do outdoors year-round. A few are listed below.WalkingRoller HikingCampingWhen you’re outside rememberto be sun safe. Always wearsunscreen and try to stay in theshade. You don’t want to burnyour scales (or your skin!)!What do you like to do outside? Write it down and then draw it here.I like to outside!19

What Places Are Important to You?Now that you know more about geography, use what you have learnedto draw a map in the box below of a place that is important to you.Examples could include your house, neighborhood, school, or favoritevacation spot. Make sure to include a map key.I would map my home: the Columbia River!20

Image SourcesThe images in this workbook come from the sources listed below. Anyimages not listed come from the Center for Geography Education inOregon’s Student Atlas of Oregon (second edition)*.PAGEPHOTOSOURCECoverPage 2Fish (Sandy)GlobeCompassMapAmerican FlagTeepee, CastleIgloo, 3 Story House, Yellow HouseApartment Building, Snow BackgroundMeadow, City, Log CabinBusBarn, Stop Light, Space NeedleSchoolTreeEiffel TowerHouseNeighborhoodCityStateU.S.A.GlobeAmerican FlagOregon State FlagOregon State Flag (back)DesertVolcano, Mountain, BeachForestIslandLake, Ocean, Pond, RiverDolphin, Sea Star, LobsterDuckFrog, Jelly Fish, Beaver, WhaleCrab, Tropical Fish, SalamanderOcean Background, CanCrumpled PaperApple Core, Plastic Water BottlePlastic Water Bottle (Red Cap)OctopusWhale, Turtle, Broken BottleTropical Fish, Pair of BottlesBanana PeelSun, Rain, Clouds, SnowNorth ArrowCompass RoseTableTreeWashington Park MapPicture SpiderOpen ClipartClkrClkrClkrClkrOpen ClipartOpen ClipartOpen ClipartClkrOpen ClipartOpen ClipartOpen ClipartClkrOpen ClipartSweet ClipartOpen ClipartClkrOpen clipartClkrClkrWikimedia CommonsWikimedia CommonsFreetemsClkrOpen ClipartOpen ClipartClkrClkrClkrClkrClkrClkrClkrOpen ClipartOpen ClipartOpen ClipartClkrClkrClkrClkrPD Clip ArtClkrClkrOpen ClipartPortland Department of Parks andRecreationClkrOpen ClipartOpen ClipartClkrClkrOpen ClipartClip Art BestPage 3Page 5Page 6Page 7Page 8Page 9Page 11Page 12Page 13Page 14Page 15Page 16Page 17Page 18Page 19Clouds, Mailbox, Road SignDog, Tractor, RunnerBike, Stop Sign, CowDog Walker, Skier, Sail BoatRoller Blader, Horseback RiderHiker, Tent, Surf BoardSwimmer*A free copy of the Atlas can be obtained from http://studentatlasoforegon.pdx.edu/.21

Produced by the Center for GeographyEducation in Oregon (C-GEO)Principal Contributors: Teresa Bulman, Morgan Josef, and Gwyneth ManserC-GEO is dedicated to the improvement of geographic education andawareness in the State of Oregon. C-GEO’s mission includes: increasingpublic awareness of the importance of geographic education, increasingemphasis on geography in grades pre-K through 12, and improvinggeographic teaching methods and materials.Authorized use: Teachers and students may copy any part of this workbookfor classroom use or school projects. Any commercial use or unauthorizedreproduction or distribution in any form or by any means, electronic ormechanical (including photocopying, recording, or digital storage/retrievalsystems) is prohibited without written permission from the Center forGeography Education in Oregon.The Center for Geography Education in OregonPortland State UniversityPO Box 751 – GEOGPortland, Oregon, 97207Website: http://www.pdx.edu/geography-education/Telephone Number: 503-725-5864

Free digital copies of thesebooklets can be found onal-materials-0 Let’s Explore History UsingMaps!Student/Teacher Editions Let’s Learn All AboutMaps!Student/Teacher Editions Let’s Learn All AboutGeography! (Pre-K-3rd)Student/Teacher EditionsOther Sources

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