APEGBC Technical And Practice Bulletin
APEGBC Technical and PracticeBulletinStructural, Fire Protection and Building EnvelopeProfessional Engineering Services for 5- and 6-StoreyWood Frame Residential Building Projects(Mid-Rise Buildings) April 2009 All Rights ReservedRevised April 8, 2015
Table of Contents1.0INTRODUCTION . 11.11.21.31.41.51.61.72.0PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE . 42.13.0Role of the Structural Engineer of Record (SER) . 5Structural Engineering Services. 5Structural Design Drawing Presentation . 5Design Coordination . 6Design and Detailing of Wood Shearwalls and Diaphragms . 7Design For Building Deformation . 9Fire And Elevator Walls . 11Hybrid Systems . 13FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING PRACTICE ISSUES . .154.164.174.184.195.0Coordination . 4STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE ISSUES . 53.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.84.0Purpose . 1Disclaimer and Exclusion of Liability . 1The Role of APEGBC . 2Scope of Bulletin . 2Applicability of Bulletin . 2Acknowledgements . 3Introduction of Terms and Abbreviations . 3Fire Protection Engineering. 15Role of the Fire Protection Engineer (FPE) . 15Alternative Solutions and Engineering Judgments . 15Fire Protection Engineering Design Services . 15Effects of Shrinkage . 15Effects of Differential Lateral Movements . 16Firewalls . 16Elevator Walls . 17Reduced Loading of Fire Rated Assemblies . 18Fire Separations . 18Concealed/Void Spaces . 19Sprinkler Systems . 20Firefighting Assumptions . 21Exterior Cladding . 21Use of Wood Trim or Other Combustible Components . 21Soffits and Roof Overhangs . 22Coordination . 22Field Review . 22Peer Review. 22BUILDING ENVELOPE ENGINEERING PRACTICE ISSUES . 235.15.2Role of the Building Envelope Engineer (BEE). 23Building Envelope Engineering Services: Appropriate Professional Practice . 23
5.35.45.55.65.7Wood Shrinkage . 23Change in Environmental Loads – Impact on Building Envelope . 26Impact of Increased Wind and Rain Loads . 26Increased Structural Mass . 28Maintenance And Renewal . 296.0QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL. 317.0EDUCATION, TRAINING AND EXPERIENCE . 338.0REFERENCE AND RELATED DOCUMENTS . 34APPENDIX A: MINISTERIAL ORDER . 36APPENDIX B: DEFINITIONS . 41APPENDIX C: E XAMPLE TOLERANCES ON STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS AND WOOD FRAME SHEARWALLS. 43APPENDIX D: GUIDELINES FOR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE FOR A FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEER . 45APPENDIX E: EXAMPLE OF A STRUCTURAL DESIGN FOR A SIX STOREY WOOD FRAME RESIDENTIALBUILDING . 61
1.0INTRODUCTIONThis bulletin provides detailed information on the increased level of complexity involved inengineering considerations which need to be addressed in going from 4 storey to mid-risebuilding projects. Where relevant, guidance provided in this bulletin is applicable for use on woodframe building projects of 4 storeys or less.Examples of engineering design considerations which affect professional engineering practices ingoing from 4 storey to mid-rise building projects include: Increased lateral loads (wind and seismic); Increased environment loads on building envelope assemblies; Increased cumulative effect of wood shrinkage; Increased structural mass of the wood framing affecting such items as glazing andinsulation which, in turn, impact the energy performance of the building; and Enhanced requirements for fire and life safety with respect to building materials and firesuppression systems.The above examples reinforce the increased need for an enhanced level of coordination of theengineering design between various engineering disciplines and with other design consultants onmid-rise building as compared to that provided on 4 storey building projects of similarconstruction.1.1PURPOSEThis bulletin provides basic technical and practice guidance on structural, fire protection andbuilding envelope professional engineering issues related to mid-rise buildings. In the areasidentified standards of practice that a Member should follow in providing structural, fire protectionand building envelope professional engineering services for these types of building projects areset out. This bulletin has been developed to identify issues to be taken into consideration whenproviding engineering services on such buildings and to provide sources of information and insome instances, design options. Engineering practices in this area will evolve as codes,standards and guides relevant to these areas of practice are updated and revised to reflect achange to the BCBC permitting five and six storey wood frame residential construction. Refer toSection 1.4 of this bulletin for the scope of building projects to which this bulletin applies.It is anticipated that as experience is gained in the design and construction of mid-rise buildingprojects, it may prove necessary to update this bulletin. On this basis, all those using this bulletinare advised to obtain the most current version.This bulletin may also be referred to by other design professionals such as architects and otherparties such as land owners, developers, approving officers, building inspectors, contractors,municipalities, regional districts and the general public.1.2DISCLAIMER AND EXCLUSION OF LIABILITYThis document is provided without any representations, warranties, or conditions or any kind,express or implied, including, without limitation, implied warranties or conditions concerning thisdocument’s fitness for a particular purpose or use, its merchantability, or its non-infringement ofany third party’s intellectual property rights. APEGBC does not warrant the accuracy,completeness, or currency of any of the information published in this document. APEGBC makesno representations or warranties regarding this document’s compliance with any applicablestatute, rule or regulation.IN NO EVENT SHALL APEGBC, ITS VOLUNTEERS, MEMBERS SUBSIDIARIES, ORAFFILIATED COMPANIES, OR THEIR EMPLOYEES, DIRECTORS, OR OFFICERS, BE LIABLEFOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INJURY, LOSS, COSTS, OREXPENSES, HOWSOEVER CAUSED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL ORCONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST REVENUE, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOST ORAPEGBC Revised April 8, 2015APEGBC Technical & Practice Bulletin5 and 6 Storey Wood Frame Residential Building Projects (Mid-Rise)1
DAMAGED DATA, OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMIC LOSS, WHETHER BASEDIN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), OR ANY OTHER THEORY OF LIABILITY,ARISING OUT OF OR RESULTING FROM ACCESS TO OR POSSESSION OR USE OF THISDOCUMENT, EVEN IF APEGBC HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCHDAMAGES, INJURY, LOSS, COSTS OR EXPENSES.In publishing and making this document available, APEGBC is not undertaking to renderprofessional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity or to perform any duty owedby any person or entity. The information in this document is directed to those who have theappropriate degree of experience to use and apply its contents, and APEGBC accepts noresponsibility whatsoever arising in any way from any and all use of or reliance on the informationcontained in this document.1.3THE ROLE OF APEGBCThis bulletin has been formally adopted by the Council of APEGBC and forms part of APEGBC’songoing commitment to maintaining the quality of services that its Members provide to theirclients and the general public. Professional Engineers are professionally accountable for theirwork under the Engineers and Geoscientists Act (RSBC 1996, Chapter 116, as amended), whichis enforced by APEGBC.A Member must exercise professional judgment when providing professional services; as such,application of this bulletin in any particular project will vary depending on the circumstances.APEGBC supports the principle that a Member should receive fair and adequate compensationfor professional services, including services provided to comply with this bulletin. An insufficientfee does not justify services that do not meet the intent of this bulletin. This bulletin may be usedto assist in establishing the professional services, level of effort and terms of reference of aMember’s agreement with his/her client.By following this bulletin, a Member should fulfill his/her standard of practice and professionalobligations, especially with regards to APEGBC Code of Ethics Principle 1. Failure of a Memberto meet the intent of this bulletin could be evidence of a breach of the Member’s standard of carein a civil action. It could also be evidence of unprofessional conduct and lead to disciplinaryproceedings by APEGBC.1.4SCOPE OF BULLETINThis bulletin applies to the provision of structural, fire protection and building envelopeprofessional engineering services for mid-rise building projects or parts of such buildings pursuantto the amendments to the BCBC provisions enacted by Ministerial Orders on January 8, 2009and April 3, 2009.The relevant specific amendments to the BCBC are set out in the schedule appended toMinisterial Order M008 dated January 8, 2009 and Ministerial Order M121 dated April 3, 2009.(See Appendix A of this bulletin). The new provisions in the BCBC relevant to five and six storeywood frame residential building projects take effect on April 6, 2009.1.5APPLICABILITY OF BULLETINNotwithstanding the purpose and scope of this bulletin a professional engineer’s decision not tofollow one or more aspects of this bulletin in a particular project does not necessarily mean thathe/she fails to meet his/her professional obligations. Such judgments and decisions depend uponweighing facts and circumstances and whether the reasonable and prudent engineer in a similarsituation would have conducted himself/herself similarly, the civil standard of care.APEGBC Revised April 8, 2015APEGBC Technical & Practice Bulletin5 and 6 Storey Wood Frame Residential Building Projects (Mid-Rise)2
1.6ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis bulletin was prepared on behalf of APEGBC by a task force of professional engineers withextensive experience in providing structural, fire protection and building envelope professionalengineering services on wood frame building projects.The Structural Engineering Association of British Columbia was instrumental in coordinating theengagement of structural engineering practitioners within their membership having a wide rangeof experience in this field of practice.APEGBC thanks the Building and Safety Policy Branch, Office of Housing and ConstructionStandards, Ministry of Housing and Social Development for providing funding towards thedevelopment of this bulletin.1.7INTRODUCTION OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONSAppendix B defines various terms and abbreviations.APEGBC Revised April 8, 2015APEGBC Technical & Practice Bulletin5 and 6 Storey Wood Frame Residential Building Projects (Mid-Rise)3
2.0PROFESSIONAL PRACTICEThe following sections provide guidance on a range of technical and practice issues related to theprovision of professional engineering services for mid-rise buildings. When providing professionalengineering services on mid-rise buildings the design provided must meet the requirements in theBCBC.While this bulletin offers some design options in response to particular technical issues, Membersmay apply other design solutions which are consistent with good engineering practice and aresupported by the appropriate analysis and research reflected in other relevant codes andstandards.Section 6.0, Quality Assurance/Quality Control, provides an overview of the quality assuranceprocesses a Member must address to meet the requirements under the APEGBC QualityManagement Bylaws.Section 7.0, Education, Training and Experience, reinforces that Members providing services inthe fields of practice covered in this bulletin must be familiar with and experienced in applying theconcepts contained therein.2.1COORDINATIONAs provided for in the BCBC, the CRP, when retained, is primarily responsible for thecoordination of all design work and Field Reviews of the registered professionals engaged on amid-rise building project.Professional engineers engaged to provide professional engineering services in the structural,mechanical, electrical, plumbing, fire suppression and building envelope fields should assist theCRP in coordinating the building design to account for effects that may be more prevalent in midrise buildings as identified in this bulletin. For example, the electrical, mechanical, plumbing andelevator systems must take into consideration shrinkage issues as identified in Section 3.0 of thisbulletin. These particular building services must be carefully coordinated throughout the designand Field Review stages.APEGBC Revised April 8, 2015APEGBC Technical & Practice Bulletin5 and 6 Storey Wood Frame Residential Building Projects (Mid-Rise)4
3.0STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE ISSUES3.1ROLE OF THE STRUCTURAL ENGINEER OF RECORD (SER)The SER has overall responsibility for the structural integrity of the primary structural system andfor general coordination of secondary structural elements and specialty structural elements withthe primary structural system of the building. Depending upon the requirements of the AHJ, theSER may be required to be registered as a Struct.Eng. (See Appendix B, Definitions)3.2STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING SERVICESGood engineering practice for an SER is identified in the APEGBC Guideline for ProfessionalStructural Engineering Services for Building Projects.With respect to the design for seismic forces, following the approach identified in this bulletin isconsistent with achieving the BCBC objective of “life safety.”13.3STRUCTURAL DESIGN DRAWING PRESENTATIONIn addition to the drawing requirements as specified in the BCBC the following information isnormally provided on the design documents for mid-rise buildings. Drawings shall illustrate thecomplete gravity and lateral load paths.a. GRAVITY DESIGN1. Building Design Parameters – Live Loads, snowloads and superimposed dead loads.Key plans showing loadings may be needed to adequately describe distributions ofloadings over floor areas. For roofs show snow load diagrams which account for drifting,sliding, valleys, etc. Do not leave snowloads to be determined by others such as trussmanufacturers;2. Provide specifications and standards for sheathing, lumber, engineered wood products,material treatment, backing materials, fasteners, light gauge and fabricated steelconnectors, anchor bolts and other hardware/materials to be incorporated into thebuilding;3. Show the general layout and spacing of joists, beams and trusses. For roofs show thegeneral layout for all trusses including Hip, Girder, Valley, Jack trusses, etc. Note: Onthe drawings that the layout shall not be changed without written permission of the SER;4. Show joist sizes, bearing and connection details, blocking details where required at walls,columns, etc. Show bridging layout and details;5. Show beam sizes, their connections and supporting conditions;6. Show sheathing sizes, panel layout and nailing patterns;7. Show wall components and posts including support details;8. Show floor to f
Section 6.0, Quality Assurance/Quality Control, provides an overview of the quality assurance processes a Member must address to meet the requirements under the APEGBC Quality Management Bylaws. Section 7.0, Education, Training and
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