I E R F S E OUIN ' S T R E R Birds - Shire Of Baw Baw

1y ago
5 Views
2 Downloads
2.30 MB
43 Pages
Last View : 1m ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Fiona Harless
Transcription

OUESREFRIEDRS OFNDIN’STbirdsofDrouin

DisclaimerWalking in woodland andwetland places or in high trafficsituations can be dangerous.People using this guide to walkin or around Drouin, do so attheir own risk.The Friends of Drouin’s Trees,the Committee for Drouin orany of their representatives andthe Baw Baw Shire shall not beliable for death, injury or lossor damage of property of anyperson participating in anyactivity when using this guide.IntroductionThis Birds of Drouin booklet is designed to be a companionvolume to the Drouin Tree Walks booklet first published inFebruary 2018 by the Friends of Drouin’s Trees.The Friends of Drouin’s Trees recognized the need fora beginners guide to Drouin’s wonderful urban birdpopulation.The Friends of Drouin’s Trees is hopeful that users of thisguide will enjoy discovering some of Drouin’s very specialavian inhabitants and the very beautiful spaces and placeswhere they live.First edition – February 2019Front cover: Rainbow Lorikeet P62Back cover: Yellow Thornbill P20The photographs for this booklet wereprovided by Peter Ware, Friends ofDrouin’s Trees.Golden Whistler1

Many experienced bird watchers can identifya range of birds by their calls. This can beproblematic at times as many birds have differentcalls for different occasions – courting, defendingterritory, contact, feeding, etc. Many birds are goodmimics of other species and some birds even seemto have regional dialects! Most bird apps available for digital devices such asphones and ipads have an audio facility that playsthe most common calls for the bird. This can be avery useful tool for identifying a bird. Another valuable attribute often displayed byexperienced bird watchers is knowledge of theGISS of a bird, “General Information, Size andShape”. Size and shape are self-explanatory.General information might include whereaboutsin the habitat, (in the canopy, on the ground, etc),posture, (standing straight or prone, etc), flightpatterns, (rapid, direct, fluttering, undulating, etc),and so on. Obviously, knowledge of these traitstakes time to learn but they are quickly uploadedinto the memory after one or two sightings aremade. Field guides often provide some remarks that referto the GISS of a bird. Many experienced bird watchers will agree that it isthe shape or outline of a human and our movementsthat seem more to spook the bird than does thecolour of our clothes. Birds are not colour blind andmany have heightened UV sensitivity but they dohave superior visual acuity – they see shapes andmovements very clearly. Experienced bird watchers will often stand still next toa tree or within some shrubbery to help conceal theirpresence. If you walk a favourite track to do some bird watching,don’t forget to look behind from time to time.Changing your perspective sometimes providesreward.bird watching tips for beginnersbird watching tips for beginners2Bird watching tipsfor beginners3

Start at home or in the nearby park and try to identifyall the birds you regularly see there. Look up a reliablefield guide and learn about their habits, etc. Start a list.If you hear a strange call, endeavour to locate the birdfor identification. Do this once or twice and that birdand its call will be impressed on your memory.Bird species come in groups – wrens, thornbills,fantails, etc are all small scrub birds with particulardifferences. Try to learn some of the groups of speciesin your area, their habits, locations, etc.Some birds will have a characteristic behaviour theyalways do – White-throated Treecreepers always workUP a tree, Jacky Winters wag their tail side to side onlanding, etc.Good field guides have some excellent advice on howto go bird watching and of course nowadays there isthe internet.TABLE OF CONTENTSPageAbout Binoculars7Small birds10Medium sized birds28Large birds48Tree hollows and nesting boxes54Parrots and cockatoos56Wetland birds64MAP: Where to find birds in Drouin78Index of Birds80contentsbird watching tips for beginners References used throughout this booklet included:Field Guide to Australian Birds - Michael MorcombeThe Field Guide to the Birds of Australia - Pizzey and KnightReader’s Digest complete Book of Australian auMany birds form invaluablerelationships with otheranimals and plants45

Drouin has more than 100species of native birds in itsurban environment. This is anextraordinary number for atown. Many of the birds usehollows of old eucalypt treesand some build their nestshigh in the canopy. Somelive in low shrubs and areasof dense cover, and others inwetlands and grasslands.Many birds are mostactive in theearly morning6AboutBinocularsBinoculars are defined by twonumbers, 10x40 for example.The first number, 10x, meansa magnification of ten timesand the second number is thelens diameter, 40mm.For bird watching a powerfulmagnification is desirable,but biggest is not necessarilythe best. Powerful binocularshave a small field of view, ashallow depth of focus, a lessbright image generally andthe slightest hand movementmakes them hard to focus.Sometimes a powerful pair ofbinoculars can get very heavyby the end of a day’s birdwatching.The optical quality of thelenses within the barrels canmake a significant differenceto an image. Always try beforeyou buy.ABOUT binocularswhy DrouinWhy Drouin?A good range size ofbinoculars for bird watchingwould be from 7x42 to 10x42.Begin using your binocularsby adjusting the distancebetween the barrels to fit thedistance between your eyes.7

By using the adjuster betweenthe two barrels, focus on adistant object with both eyesopen. Practice by trying toread the newspaper from 20metres.Fine focus is achieved byadjusting the diopter on theright-hand barrel. Close yourright eye and use the adjusterbetween the barrels to geta sharp image with your lefteye. Now close your left eyeand use the adjustable diopteron the right-hand barrel toget a sharp image with yourright eye.You should now have a sharpimage with both eyes open.The diopter generally has ascale attached so that you canquickly adjust it as neededfrom time to time.Small birds high in a treecanopy can be hard to findwith binoculars even forexperienced birdwatchers.Make a note with the nakedeye of any visual clues – apronounced fork in a branch,a patch of sky in the canopy,etc and work from there. Tryto work ‘down light’ – have thelight behind you if possibleotherwise you may just get asilhouette of the bird.ABOUT binocularsABOUT binocularsYou should see an imageinside a clear circle, not twocircles or a circle with blackedges.Birds arethe onlyanimals thathave feathersMany birdsdisperse seeds89

Check for: 100mm; small brown bird; buff flanks; tan foreheadwith darker streaks; black streaks on the throat and chest; redeye.More: Actively forages for insects in understorey and lowerfoliage; usually in small parties; rich musical song of varyingnotes and a distinctive, rolling ‘peee-orrr’; sedentary.Brown thornbillBrown thornbillBrown Thornbill10White-browed ScrubwrenCheck for: 125mm; small grey-brown bird; two small white barwing patches; white eyebrow and ‘whisker mark’ under the eye.More: Low semi-dense to dense scrub, bracken, etc; clear,sustained ‘tseer-tseer-tseer’; deep scolding ‘zizzing’ for intruders;easily overlooked; sedentary.Where: Rail-side and roadside scrubs, sometimes parks andgardens; John Lardner Reserve, Golden Whistler, Thornell’s, etc,Roberts Crt.white-browed scrubwrenwhite-browed scrubwrenWhere: Almost anywhere there is dense understorey, bracken,reed beds and sometimes well-established gardens.11

Check for: 135mm; vertical tail; male breeding plumage – darkblue, sky blue and black; females almost all grey-brown withrufous eye stripe.More: Jaunty; understory and tall grasses; ubiquitous; rippling,warbling song; sedentary but colony numbers can fluctuate.superb fairy-wrensuperb fairy-wrenSuperb Fairy-wrenEastern Yellow RobinCheck for: 155mm; grey bird with yellow throat and belly; ofteninquisitive of intruders.More: Pairs or small groups; open to dense woodland; oftenclings sideways to a tree trunk; diagnostic strong ‘tchew-tchew’call among song; some are sedentary, others are winter migrantsfrom the hills.eastern yellow robineastern yellow robinWhere: Wetlands, scrub, neglected areas, bush, parks andgardens; common at Bellbird Park wetland.Where: Bellbird Park, John Lardner Reserve, Thornells, etc,sometimes roadside vegetation.1213

Check for: 150mm; fan tail; grey and white body; white eyebrowand throat; whiskers at the base of the bill.grey fantailgrey fantailGrey FantailMore: Acrobatic flight to catch insects in mid-strata vegetation;cheery, scratchy, squeaky call always the same; often confiding;sedentary.Jacky WinterCheck for: 130mm; grey upperparts, paler underneath; whiteouter tail feathers; wags tail sideways on alighting; oftenconfiding.jacky winterjacky winterWhere: Open woodlands, roadside and rail-side verges, BellbirdPark, Balfour Rd, etc.More: Open woodlands and paddocks; takes insects in flightand on the ground; a far carrying ‘queeter-queeter-queeter’ callamong others; sedentary but may disperse in winter.Where: Pryor Rd, John Lardner Reserve, Golden WhistlerReserve, etc.1415

white-throated treecreeperwhite-throated treecreeperWhite-throated TreecreeperCheck for: 140mm; grey-brown and white bird; white throat;breast and belly heavily streaked black and white; down-curvedbill.More: Forests and woodlands; winkles insects and spiders fromunder the bark by always moving UP the trunk; loud, clear,diagnostic repeated single note, ‘whit-whit-whit-whit ’ and arippling mellow trill; sedentary.Where: Thornell’s Reserve, John Lardner Reserve, GoldenWhistler Reserve, Pryor Rd, etc.Leaden Flycatcherleaden flycatcherleaden flycatcherBrown ThornbillCheck for: 150mm; lead-black and white bird; raised crownfeathers when calling; up and down tail-quivering; females havean orange throat.More: Open woodland and eucalypt forest; diagnostic ‘zhirrpzhirrp’ call; gleans insects from the foliage and in the air;uncommon migrant with poorly understood movements.Where: Golden WhistlerReserve, John LardnerReserve, Thornell’s Reserve.Leaden Flycatcher, female16White-browed Scrubwren17

Check for: 90mm; small, colourful, canopy bird; sharp whitespots on a dark crown, back and wings; yellow throat; whiteeyebrow; red rump.More: Canopy forager for insects on the foliage of eucalypts;comes to ground to nest in a tunnel dug in some earth; constanthigh-pitched ‘seet-dee-dee’ or sometimes just the ‘dee-dee’ part;seasonally nomadic.spotted pardalotespotted pardaloteSpotted PardaloteStriated ThornbillCheck for: 100mm; dark brown upperparts and pale belly;strong dark streaks on the face, throat and chest; white streakson the crown; brown eye.More: Nearly always foraging in the upper foliage of eucalypts;insect-like ‘tzzi-tzzi-tzzit’ call; sedentary and sometimesdispersive.striated thornbillstriated thornbillWhere: Wherever there are tall eucalypts.Where: Any of Drouin’s tall eucalypts18Feral and domestic catskill up to I millionbirds a day inAustralia19

Check for: 95mm; all yellow with some light streaking behindthe eye; dark tail band.More: Unobtrusive but active forager particularly in ‘featheryfoliaged’ trees like acacias, casuarinas and melaleuca; variableinsect-like call; sedentary mostly.yellow thornbillyellow thornbillYellow ThornbillSilvereyeCheck for: 120mm; olive-green-grey bird; pronounced whiteeye ringsilvereyesilvereyeWhere: Balfour Rd, parkland and sometimes gardens.More: Highly mobile nomadic parties foraging through semidense understorey and mid-strata for seeds, nectar, fruit andinsects; very soft but clear ‘tseeep’; mostly nomadic but someare migratory.Where: Bellbird Park, Thornell’s Reserve, etc, sometimes parksand private gardens.2021

Check for: 115mm; olive-green and grey bird; scarlet-red bill,eye stripe and rump.More: Grassy clearings and paddocks; nearly always in smallflocks; seed eater; very faint high-pitched squeaky call;sedentary but can be locally nomadic.red-browed finchred-browed finchRed-browed FinchEuropean GoldfinchCheck for: 130mm; colourful red, black and yellow bird; deepred face bordered white; golden bar in a black wing.More: Grassland and weedy wasteland, etc; often in flocks; fainttinkling song; an introduced species that seems to be on therise; sedentary and locally nomadic.european goldfincheuropean goldfinchWhere: Thornell’s Reserve, Bellbird Park Wetland, John Lardner,roadsides, etc.Where: Roadsides adjacent to paddocks; edges of wetlands, etc.Birds canbe goodbio-indicators2223

Check for: 130mm; male is the familiar scarlet-red and blackbird; white forehead patch; black throat; scarlet chest and belly;females are mostly brown with a pale red wash on the belly.scarlet robinscarlet robinScarlet RobinMore: Scrubby open forests; insects and larvae etc taken on theground by a perch and pounce foraging technique; faint liltingsong; numbers fluctuate from season to season; altitudinalwinter migrant, seasonally dispersive.Flame RobinCheck for: 130mm; flame-red throat, chest and belly; smallwhite forehead spot; upright perching; often in a flock.flame robinflame robinWhere: Pryor Rd, Golden Whistler Reserve, Balfour Rd, Thornell’sReserve.More: Open woodlands and paddocks; very thin piping call;winter migrant from the high country, dispersive.Where: Pryor Rd, Settlement Rd, etc.Birds canmotivateand inspire2425

26More: Loud, persistent ‘tutch-tutch-tutch-dsee-quarty-quartyquarty’; territorial; migrant from parts of northern Australia; afew may quietly over-winter.Where: Almost any patch of Common Reed, (Phragmites) onedges of wetlands.Check for: 100mm; golden-buff bird; golden head streaked darkin non-breeding period; pale underbelly; back and wings heavilystreaked black.More: Spirited dweller of reed beds; far-carrying insect-like‘bhzzzzt-pillek’ during breeding; sedentary/nomadic; very quietin winter.Where: Reed beds beside water bodies – McNeilly Wetlands,Gum Scrub Creek, etc.australian reed-warblergolden-headed cisticolaGolden-headed CisticolaCheck for: 165mm; plain olive brown-fawn bird; white eyebrow;tawny rump.golden-headed cisticolaaustralian reed-warblerAustralian Reed-warbler27

Check for: 24cm; all grey bird with rufous-olive back; black bill;white eyering; pale streaks on the throat.More: Forages in the canopy, mid-storey and on the ground;diagnostic undulating flight; rich, varied song easily recognised;contact call a ringing ‘seeit’ whistle; widespread diverse habitat;sedentary to locally nomadic.GREY SHRIKE-THRUSHGREY SHRIKE-THRUSHGrey Shrike-thrushNoisy MinerCheck for: 26cm; black crown and cheeks; yellow bill; yelloweye-patch; pale grey throat and nape streaked dark grey; faintyellow wing streak.NOISY MINERNOISY MINERWhere: Sometimes appears in parks and gardens but mostly inwoodlands on the outskirts, Pryor Rd, Golden Whistler, Thornellsand John Lardner reserves, etc.More: Colonial; noisy; aggressive; varied calls, some mellow andmusical, others harsh and raucous; very territorial; woodlands(without understorey generally), parks and gardens; basically ahoneyeater that takes insects and fruit; sedentary.Where: Throughout the town and outskirts.2829

Check for: 24cm; dark-chocolate brown bird; yellow bill; yelloweye-patch; white under rump and wing-stripe; black head.More: Introduced from Asia around 1870; territorial bully;competes with native species for food and nest sites; seldomseen away from human habitation; abundant, sedentary,dispersive.COMMON MYNACOMMON MYNACommon MynaBell MinerCheck for: 19cm; olive-green bird; yellow bill; small red trianglebehind the eye; olive-yellow patches above the bill.BELL MINERBELL MINERWhere: Anywhere around Drouin township – streets, parks,gardens.More: Eucalypt specialist honeyeater; feeds on lerp on thefoliage; clear bell-like ‘tink’; colonial; dense eucalypt forests;sedentary but dispersive; making a comeback in some areas.Where: Bellbird Park wetlands, Drouin golf course, Pryor Rd, etc.3031

More: Usually in small parties high in the canopy of openwoodland not far from water; nervous and active; in flight call‘chickowee-chickowee’; sedentary and nomadic as they followthe blossoms.Where: Thornell’s Reserve, Bellbird Park wetlands.Check for: 15cm; colourful tawny/rufous/white/black bird;unmistakable long downcurved bill; red eye; black ‘wishbone’.More: Prefers flowering understorey shrubs – grevilleas,callistemons, correas, etc; often takes insects on the wing;staccato, piping ‘chip-chip-chip ’ call; nomadic, some could bealtitudinal migrants.WHITE--PLUMED HONEYEATEREASTERN SPINEEBILLEastern SpinebillCheck for: 16cm; pale olive-grey bird; distinctive white neckplume; pale yellow head; grey underparts.EASTERN SPINEEBILLWHITE--PLUMED HONEYEATERWhite-plumed HoneyeaterWhere: Bush with understorey, parks and gardens.3233

Check for: 17cm; male – a bright golden belly and nape; blackhead and breast band; white throat; black stubby bill; female –all grey.More: Forages in the canopy and tall understorey; mostlysolitary; contact call a single ‘seeep’; a variable, strong, whistlingsong often ending in a loud ‘wheeit’; altitudinal summer migrantbut some individuals may remain over summer.GOLDEN WHISTLERGOLDEN WHISTLERGolden WhistlerRufous WhistlerCheck for: 17cm; male – deep rufous underparts; white throat;black face mask and breast band; female – almost entirely greywith darkly streaked throat and chest.More: Loud, long, ringing notes song, mostly ending in apowerful ‘tchew’; eucalypt forest and woodlands; summermigrant from northern Australia and inland.RUFOUS WHISTLERRUFOUS WHISTLERWhere: Golden Whistler Reserve, Roberts Crt, Pryor Rd,Thornell’s Reserve, etc.Where: Pryor Rd, Bellbird Park wetlands, Thornell’s Reserve, JohnLardner Reserve.3435

Check for: 26cm; grey, black and white bird; black head; whitepartial collar; strong bill tipped black; fine hook on the end ofthe bill.More: Often in small family parties; open woodland and parks;takes insects, fruit, small reptiles and fledglings; one songis a rich, mellow piping, others harsher and strident; mostlysedentary, dispersive.GREY BUTCHERBIRDGREY BUTCHERBIRDGrey ButcherbirdCrested PigeonCheck for: 33cm; very obvious crest; grey bird; red eye; wingsbarred black; iridescent green and bronze feathers in secondaryflight feathers.More: Principally a ground feeding seed eater; burst ofwhistling wing beats when taking off; distribution appears to beextending eastwards; call is a soft pigeon-like ‘whoop-whoop ’;sedentary.CRESTED PIGEONCRESTED PIGEONWhere: Any reserves, parks, gardens and back yards.Where: Paddocks, rail and roadsides, wasteland, parks andgardens.3637

Check for: 22cm; small kookaburra-like bird; long, slender bill;white collar; white-buff underparts; deep blue-green wings andback.More: Diagnostic three to five note ‘kek-kek-kek.’ call repeated;open woodland and forest with hollows and wetland margins;forages on the ground for small reptiles and insects; summermigrant.SACRED KINGFISHERSACRED KINGFISHERSacred Kingfisher38Black-faced Cuckoo-shrikeCheck for: 33cm; upright black, grey and white bird; obviousblack face and throat; shuffles its wings when alighting.More: Often perches high on a dead limb; takes large insectsand larvae from the foliage and sometimes from the ground;distinctive rolling, churring call; migratory and nomadic.Where: Golden Whistler, Thornells and John Lardner reserves,Balfour Rd, etc.BLACK-FACED CUCKOO-SHRIKEBLACK-FACED CUCKOO-SHRIKEWhere: Thornell’s Reserve, Bellbird Park wetlands, Pryor Rd.39

40More: Active nectar forager in bushland and gardens; ringing,cheery and variable song; migratory and dispersive.Where: Any piece of woodland, rail-side and roadside, parks andsometimes gardens.Check for: 21cm; olive-green-yellow bird; black face and throat;distinctive white ear-patch.More: Takes nectar and many insects, some fruit; mostly solitary;wet forests and woodlands; several calls but a diagnostic,mellow, ‘chok-chok’; nomadic with some migratory movements.Where: Thornell’s Reserve, Pryor Rd, Golden Whistler Reserve,Bellbird Park wetlands.YELLOW-FACED HONEYEATERWHITE-EARED HONEYEATERWhite-eared HoneyeaterCheck for: 17cm; grey-green bird; bold yellow line across a blackface; pale yellow-green margins to wing feathers; pale streakingon underparts.WHITE-EARED HONEYEATERYELLOW-FACED HONEYEATERYellow-faced Honeyeater41

More: Competes aggressively for nectar; often in small parties;takes insects on the wing; a sharp ‘jik’ call; sedentary or nomadicchasing blossom patterns.Where: Parks, gardens and bushland reserves with floweringshrubs.Check for: 14cm; striking olive-green, black and white bird;obvious red eye crescent; white nape; black head; olive-greenback; white belly.More: Usually in small parties in the higher foliage; nectar,manna and insects for a diet; several calls but a clear ‘shirp-shirpshirp’ is diagnostic; migratory and highly nomadic.NEW HOLLAND HONEYEATERWHITE-NAPED HONEYEATERWhite-naped HoneyeaterCheck for: 18cm; black, white and yellow bird; staring whiteeye in a black face; bold yellow wing panel; spiky ‘beard’; heavilystreaked underparts.WHITE-NAPED HONEYEATERNEW HOLLAND HONEYEATERNew Holland HoneyeaterWhere: Eucalypt forest and woodland.4243

Check for: 17cm; smoky-brown and grey plumage; pale bluebill; white edge on wings.More: Soaring flight as it chases insect prey; often roosts insmall colonies or family groups; soft seldom heard call that caninclude mimicry; open forest and sometimes farmland; summermigrant.dusky woodswallowdusky woodswallowDusky WoodswallowCrested Shrike-titCheck for: 17cm; striking black and white head and chin; yellowbelly; black head crest; massive, strong bill.More: Uses its bill to rip at the bark for insects; more often heardthan seen; mournful, piping, descending whistle; wet and dryeucalypt forests and woodlands; some are sedentary, most arehighly nomadic.crested shrike-titcrested shrike-titWhere: Pryor Rd, Bellbird Park, Thornell’s and John Lardnerreserves, etc.Where: Thornell’s Reserve, Balfour Rd, John Lardner Reserve,Bellbird Park wetlands.4445

Check for: 16cm; dark grey-brown bird; yellow wing panel; darkgrey-black ‘wishbone-shaped’ crescent on a whitish chest.More: Highly mobile and active feeders like most honeyeaters;distinctive ‘eejit’ call; distribution confined to south-east cornerof the continent; seasonally dispersive.crescent honeyeatercrescent honeyeaterCrescent HoneyeaterFan-tailed CuckooCheck for: 26cm; slate-grey back; cinnamon-rufous chest andbelly; yellow eyering; upright posture; grey and white barred tail.More: Springtime migrant; diagnostic descending trill; oftensits calling for long periods; dense to open forest habitat withunderstorey.fan-tailed cuckoofan-tailed cuckooWhere: Bellbird Park wetlands, Elizabeth Cl woodland, JohnLardner and Thornell’s reserves.Where: Wherever fairy-wrens, thornbills or scrubwrens exist –domed nests.4676Some birdshelp pollinateplants47

Check for: 46cm; large, conspicuous black bird; yellow eye;white wing patch especially obvious in flight; white undertail.More: Well adapted to urban environment; noisy communalroosts in tall eucalypts at night; various calls – ‘hark-hark-thelark’ and a long wolf whistle; altitudinal migrant but some stayyear-round.PIED CURRAWONGPIED CURRAWONGPied CurrawongRavenCheck for: Large, all black bird; white eye; robust bill; throathackles. We have three raven species in Drouin - Little Raven,Australian Raven and at times Forest Raven. They are notoriouslydifficult to identify by eye, even with binoculars.RAVENRAVENWhere: Street trees, parks, reserves, back yards, picnic areas,roadsides, etc.Little Raven: Probably our most common raven; often in smallflocks; a sometimes diagnostic, short-clipped ‘ca-ca-ca-ca’, call.Australian Raven: Less common; usually alone or in pairs; asometimes diagnostic, drawn-out wailing call – ‘aah-aah-aahaaaaahh’.Forest Raven: Only an occasional visitor to Drouin; a sometimesdiagnostic, deep growling ‘korr-korr-korr-korr’.Where: Street trees, parks, reserves, fringe bushland, etc.4849

Check for: 34cm; large grey, striped honeyeater; dark crown;white face below a red eye; red neck wattle; yellow belly patch.More: Aggressive; noisy - hacking, laughing ‘yaak-yakyak’ or asingle warning ‘chok’; sedentary but highly nomadic.RED WATTLEBIRDRED WATTLEBIRDRed WattlebirdLittle (Brush) WattlebirdCheck for: 29cm; largish, dark grey, streaked honeyeater; rufouswing-patch in flight; lacks the wattles and yellow belly of theRed Wattlebird.More: Aggressive; noisy – various guttural calls, ‘yekop-yekop’,‘kwock’, etc; sometimes confiding when feeding; abundant,sedentary and highly nomadic.LITTLE (BRUSH) WATTLEBIRDLITTLE (BRUSH) WATTLEBIRDWhere: Parks and gardens, bushland reserves, roadsides, etc.Where: Parks and gardens, bushland reserves, roadsides, etc.5051

More: Frequently hovers; feeds on rodents and small reptiles;perches on exposed branches, poles, etc; numbers irrupt withavailability of prey – mouse plagues, etc; sedentary to nomadic.Where: Rail and roadsides, edges of wetlands, paddocks, etc.Check for: 45cm; large brown and white bird of prey; double,dark ‘teardrops’ bordering a white under-eye stripe; grey legs;white underbelly striped brown.BLACK-SHOULDERED KITEBROWN FALCONBrown FalconCheck for: 36cm; handsome pale-grey, black and white hawk;white head and belly; red eye; black shoulder stripe; grey back.BROWN FALCONBLACK-SHOULDERED KITEBlack-shouldered KiteMore: Usually sits upright on an exposed tree-top, fence post,etc; preys on reptiles, rodents, sometimes small birds andcarrion; sedentary and irruptive.Where: Roadsides, paddocks and wetlands.5253

More than 40% of Australianmammals, nearly 30% ofAustralian reptiles and around17% of Australian birds rely ontree hollows for their survival.Small and large tree hollowsare a precious resource for ourbirds. Some exotic trees donot form hollows and manynative trees have to be maturefor hollows to form. Even asingle hollow in a dead tree isvaluable.To protect our native birds,mammals and reptiles, wealso need to protect ourhollow-bearing trees, dead oralive, standing or lying on theground.Nesting boxesMany native birds will adaptto an artificial hollow ornest box if it is correctlyconstructed and carefullyplaced and monitored.There are many sources ofinformation about nest boxdesign, placement, etc, onthe internet. Abandoned orneglected nest boxes can besources for the introduction ofpest species and disease – becareful.NESTING BOXESNATURAL TREE HOLLOWS54Natural TreeHollows55

Check for: 30cm; brightly coloured red, blue, green, yellow andblack bird; scarlet head and chest; white cheek patch; yellowbelly; yellow back mottled black; blue wings.More: Fringes of eucalypt woodland and open country; nearlyalways in small family groups; forage on fallen seed on theground mostly; sedentary.EASTERN ROSELLAEASTERN ROSELLAEastern RosellaCrimson RosellaCheck for: 34cm; red, blue and black bird; crimson-red head andbody; cobalt-blue cheek patch; black and blue wing; crimsonback mottled black.More: Eucalypt woodlands and forests; seed and fruit eaters ofthe outer foliage and on the ground; sedentary (perhaps a littlein decline?).CRIMSON ROSELLACRIMSON ROSELLAWhere: Parks, paddocks beside bushland, reserves, etc.Where: Some rail and road side locations, John Lardner Reserve,Binbeal Rd, Elizabeth Cl, etc.5657

Check for: 42cm; large red and green parrot; male has a scarlethead and underbelly, green wings and a blue tail; female is darkgreen with a scarlet lower belly.KING PARROTKING PARROTKing ParrotMore: Varied diet of seeds, fruit, nectar, etc; eucalypt forestsand woodlands; often a confiding visitor to parks and gardens;altitudinal migrant but some stay year-round.Gang-gang CockatooCheck for: 34cm; confiding while feeding, dark grey cockatoo;male has a scarlet crest and head; feathers margined buff towhite giving a scalloped appearance.More: Pairs or family parties; distinguishing, rasping ‘grarreek’call like a rusty gate hinge; numbers thought to be declining;altitudinal migrant-nomadic.GANG-GANG COCKATOOGANG-GANG COCKATOOWhere: Anywhere within or nearby a stand of eucalypts.Where: Flying over; eucalyptwoodland; parks androadsides with native shrubsand trees.5859

Check for: 35cm; clownish grey and pink bird; small white crest.GALAHGALAHGalahMore: Forages for seed on the ground, fruit and grain, etc;mostly in large flocks; adapt well to urban environments,numbers generally increasing; sedentary with local nomadism.Little CorellaCheck for: 37cm; small white cockatoo; small white ‘cap’; bluegrey bare skin eye circle; faint pink patch above the bill.More: Congregates in trees sometimes in large flocks;sometimes mixed with Sulphur-crested Cockatoos; noisy, highpitched squawking call; sedentary – seem to be extending theirrange in Victoria.LITTLE CORELLALITTLE CORELLAWhere: Roadsides, paddocks, parks, wasteland, woodland, etc.Where: Parks, paddocks, wasteland, eucalypt woodlands, nearwater courses, etc.6061

Check for: 29cm; rowdy, colourful small ‘parrot’; bright bluehead and eye; orange breast; blue belly; green back and wings;yellow nape.More: Gregarious, active, aggressive nectar eater; also takesfruit and seed; raucous screeching; fast, direct flights betweenblossoming trees; sedentary, nomadic follower of blossomingpatterns.RAINBOW LORIKEETRAINBOW LORIKEETRainbow LorikeetMusk LorikeetCheck for: 22cm; small, green ‘parrot’; almost all green body;scarlet forehead and ear coverts; bluish crown; yellow flankpatch; brownish upper back.MUSK LORIKEETMUSK LORIKEETWhere: Eucalypt woodlands, parks and gardens.More: Often with Rainbow Lorikeets – higher-pitched screech;crawl through the foliage searching for blossom; fluctuatingnomadic populations.Where: Eucalypt woodlands, parks and gardens.6263

Check for: 44cm; ele

field guide and learn about their habits, etc. Start a list. If you hear a strange call, endeavour to locate the bird for identification. Do this once or twice and that bird and its call will be impressed on your memory. Bird species come in groups - wrens, thornbills, fantails, etc are all small scrub birds with particular differences.

Related Documents:

Texts of Wow Rosh Hashana II 5780 - Congregation Shearith Israel, Atlanta Georgia Wow ׳ג ׳א:׳א תישארב (א) ׃ץרֶָֽאָּהָּ תאֵֵ֥וְּ םִימִַׁ֖שַָּה תאֵֵ֥ םיקִִ֑לֹאֱ ארָָּ֣ Îָּ תישִִׁ֖ארֵ Îְּ(ב) חַורְָּ֣ו ם

Independent Personal Pronouns Personal Pronouns in Hebrew Person, Gender, Number Singular Person, Gender, Number Plural 3ms (he, it) א ִוה 3mp (they) Sֵה ,הַָּ֫ ֵה 3fs (she, it) א O ה 3fp (they) Uֵה , הַָּ֫ ֵה 2ms (you) הָּ תַא2mp (you all) Sֶּ תַא 2fs (you) ְ תַא 2fp (you

Double Concept Modal Modal Concept Examples Shall (1) Educated expression Offer Excuse me, I shall go now Shall I clean it? Shall (2) Contractual obligation The company shall pay on January 1st Could (1) Unreal Ability I could go if I had time Could (2) Past Ability She could play the piano(but she can’t anymore) Can (1) Present Ability We can speak English Can (2) Permission Can I have a candy?

governing America’s indigent defense services has made people of color second class citizens in the American criminal justice system, and constitutes a violation of the U.S. Government's obligation under Article 2 and Article 5 of the Convention to guarantee “equal treatment” before the courts. 8. Lastly, mandatory minimum sentencing .

Artificial Intelligence in geotechnical engineering Only for private and internal use! Updated: 29 May 2020 Page 3 of 35 Fig. 1: Formalism of neuronal processing (company material of Dynardo GmbH: MOST et al. 2019) In 1980, Prolog was the first formalism language, which allowed a programming of logical terms and knowledge.

The Elcometer 501 Pencil Hardness Tester can be used in accordance with the following National and International Standards: ASTM D 3363, BS 3900-E19, EN 13523-4 supersedes ECCA T4, ISO 15184, JIS K 5600-5-4. Note: For ASTM D 3363, the test is started using the hardest pencil and continued down the scale of hardness to determine the two end .

A) To inform the reader that bleeding needs to be controlled. B) To describe the scene of an accident. C) To persuade the reader to attend a First Aid course. D) To instruct the reader on what to do if they come across an accident. ACCIDENT: Treatment aims 1. Control bleeding 2. Minimise shock for casualty 3. Prevent infection – for casualty .

142853 Freunde 17.95 A story as old as the world: we feel better together - without knowing why we squabble, fight, we make up and become best friends again. Using colourful illustrations the author sketches monsters and entertains us with their funny and endearing attitudes and feelings. 014626 Die Geschichte vom Elefanten. 15.95 The story of an elephant who hasn't slept because a bat .