Highly Automated Driving. - Bmw

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Dr. René Grosspietsch, Head of Driver Assistance Systems.BMW Group Research and Technology.HIGHLY AUTOMATED DRIVING.BARCLAYS INVESTOR CONFERENCE, LONDON.SEPTEMBER 4TH, 2015.

HIGHLY AUTOMATED DRIVING WILL IMPROVE DRIVING COMFORT ANDSTILL ADMIT DRIVING PLEASURE. Is HAD consistent with BMW‘s aspiration toprovide customers with sheer drivingpleasure?Source: Sueddeutsche.de Yes! Progressing urbanization and increasingcar densities in cities lead to traffic congestionon an unprecedented scale. Car drivers willpresumably be happy to hand the drivingtask over to the car and utilize the gainedtime differently (personalproductivity/relaxation). HAD-enabled cars still admit „drivingpleasure“ where possible (e.g., outsidecongested city centres), while freeing the driverfrom inconvenient tasks.Highly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Page 2

FROM RESEARCH TO REALITY: THE BMW GROUP HAS LONG-TIMEEXPERIENCE IN VEHICLE AUTOMATION.BMW Track Trainer(2006)Emergency stopassistant (2009)Highly automated drivingon the motorway (2011)HAD on the vehicle‘s limit(2014)360 collision avoidance(2015)Fully automated remotevalet parking (2015)Highly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Page 3

NEW 7 SERIES ALREADY PROVIDES FUNCTIONS VERY CLOSE TO HIGHLYAUTOMATED DRIVING.Active SideCollision Protectionand Cross TrafficAlert.PedestrianProtection & NightVision.Traffic Jam Assistant up to 60km/hRemoteControlledParkingHighly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Page 4

HOWEVER TRUE AUTOMATED DRIVING STILL MEANS A BIG STEP BECAUSEOF RESPONSIBILITY SWITCH.New 7 seriesManDrivertaskAttention to traffic/ “Hands-off”Vertical or lateralcontrol / “Feet-off”SystemtaskNo System0Driver OnlyMachineSwitch of ResponsibilityLateral or verticalcontrol1AssistedReadinessto take over /“Eyes-off”No tasks / “Brain-off”No driverAutonomousFull controlVertical and lateralcontrol2Partly automated3Highly automated4Autonomous5DriverlessSource: SAE, VDA, LT-AnalyseHighly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Seite 5

MANY TECHNOLOGIES TO BE MASTERED ON THE WAY TO HIGHLYAUTOMATED DRIVING.Validation / TestingBACKEND: DIGITAL SERVICES AND MAPSENSORSMOTION CONTROLSELF-LOCALIZATIONHAF DRIVING FUNCTIONTRAJECTORY PLANNINGHighly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.E/E ARCHITECTURE& CONTROL UNITSENVIRONMENT MODELFusion ANDand extractionOBJECTSFREE SPACESystem itselfSystemDRIVING STRATEGYPage 6

MANY TECHNOLOGIES TO BE MASTERED ON THE WAY TO HIGHLYAUTOMATED DRIVING.Validation / TestingBACKEND: DIGITAL SERVICES AND MAPSENSORSMOTION CONTROLSELF-LOCALIZATIONHAF DRIVING FUNCTIONTRAJECTORY PLANNINGHighly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, September 4th, 2015E/E ARCHITECTURE& CONTROL UNITSENVIRONMENT MODELFusion ANDand extractionOBJECTSFREE SPACESystem itselfSystemDRIVING STRATEGYPage 7

BACKEND: HD MAP WITH DYNAMIC INFORMATION WILL PROVIDE LIVEROAD PREVIEW AS ESSENTIAL DIGITAL SDIGITAL MAPSCooperative ITS,3rd Party Info 200 mFar Range Sensors 200 mShort/Mid-RangeSensors 70 mHighly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Page 8

SENSORS: PRICE LEVEL AND PACKAGE OF CURRENT HIGH PERFORMANCELIDAR SENSORS IS A CHALLENGE.Example:Velodyne 64-beam laser – rotates 360-degrees and takes upto 1.3 million readings per second, making it a truly versatilesensor on the car. Mounting it on top of the car ensures itsview isn’t obstructed.Highly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Page 9

BUT COST EFFICIENT ALTERNATIVES ALREADY ON THE HORIZON ANDEXPECTED TO BECOME MASS MARKET COMPATIBLE AS IN THE PAST.Parts costs*Lidar600HC2400Front radarMechanical,Sample volume200Mechanical0CamerasVolume2006Antenna array2015Mass volumeSolid-state2021*actual cost degression based on purchased parts pricesSource: Quanergy, Valeo, Team Research, “Low-cost compact MEMS scanning LADAR system for roboticapplications“, Moss et al., 2012Highly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Page 10

ONBOARD SENSOR FUSION GENERATES A REAL-TIME ENVIRONMENTALMODEL OF VEHICLE SURROUNDINGS.ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING BASED ON GRIDSHighly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Page 11

PERCEPTION: FOR BOTH SENSING OF THE ENVIRONMENT ANDCONTEXTUAL UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING SEEN AS ANESSENTIAL BUILDING BLOCK.Green light will last for the next 10sekObject-based models30ZoneOccupancy maps/free spacev 3 m/sOpposite lanev 0 km/h v 7,5m/sv 7m/s v 0,5m/sttc 1,3 secDriving lane 2Driving lane 1Is indicating lane change and will likely do that in 2 sekHighly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.Road modelsLooks at me – will likely not crossPage 12

REMAINING CHALLENGES COMPRISE INDUSTRIALISATION AS WELL ASTECHNOLOGICAL, SOCIAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS.ChallengesDescription Field operational tests with a heterogeneous fleet to gather all kinds of ntsSocietal aspectsfunctional validationdata for a later. Standardization of methods for validation of usage/functional safety. Systematic quantification of benefits of HAD through standardized methods. Data security, particularly with respect to backend connectivity. Development of highly accurate, digital maps in the backend. Improvedenvironmental model and cost-down of sensors. Proactive communication of opportunities provided by HAD to facilitate societalacceptance Assurance of data privacy and security to retain current customer trust levelsQuestions regarding accreditation and regulatorylaw need to be addressed.ZULASSUNGSRECHTLegalaspectslegal issues Concerted approach to solvingwith respect toaccreditation (HAD systems may not satisfy country-specific accreditation laws),regulatory law, as well as product liability.Europa und weitere Länder: Lenkungsrichtlinie muss über UNGremien angepasst angepasst werden.Verkehrsministerium & VDA treiben denProzess. Test in EU ohne Lizenz möglichUSA: Umfangreiche Forschungsprogrammesind aufgesetzt. Unsichere Situationbzgl. Einsatzzeitpunkt 2020. Keine Notwendigkeit von Fahrtests inUS. Test in US erfordert Lizenzen, lässtsich in Europa günstiger abbilden.China: Derzeit keine Einschränkung bekannt.VDA China (BAIDU) klärt Risiken. Eine von Deutschland getriebeneÄnderung wird derzeit ratifiziert. Evtl. müssen die Straßenverkehrsordnungen der Länder angepasstwerden.PRODUKTHAFTUNG Hochautomatisiertes Fahren wirdunter dem existierendenProdukthaftungsrecht derzeituntersucht. Es wird kein spezifischesProdukthaftungsrecht fürautomatisiertes Fahren erwartet.USA: Die Straßenverkehrsordnungen derjeweiligen Einzelstaaten sind evtl.anzupassen.China: Derzeit keine Einschränkung bekannt.VDA China (BAIDU) klärt Risiken.Diskussionen über Änderungen des Zulassungsrechts und des Verhaltensrechts laufenauf nationaler und internationaler Ebene. (z. B. Bundesverkehrsministerium, UN ECE).VDA Kongress, Christoph Grote, 20.03.2015Highly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015.VERHALTENSRECHTEuropa und weitere Länder: HAF widerspricht dem WienerÜbereinkommen über denStraßenverkehr von 1968.Seite 13Page 13

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Highly automated driving, Dr. René Grosspietsch, 04.09.2015. Seite 5 HOWEVER TRUE AUTOMATED DRIVING STILL MEANS A BIG STEP BECAUSE OF RESPONSIBILITY SWITCH. Source: SAE, VDA, LT-Analyse Readiness to take over / "Eyes-off" Full control 1 Assisted 2 Partly automated 3 Highly automated 4 Autonomous 5 Driverless Autonomous No driver 0 Driver .

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